Bruton&#39;s tyrosine kinase inhibitors

ABSTRACT

The present invention provides compounds useful as inhibitors of Btk, compositions thereof, and methods of using the same.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a divisional application of U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 14/316,710, filed Jun. 26, 2014, which is adivisional application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/393,192,filed Mar. 1, 2012, which is a national stage of PCT application serialnumber PCT/US10/47883, filed Sep. 3, 2011, which claims priority to U.S.provisional application Ser. No. 61/240,111, filed Sep. 4, 2010, theentirety of each of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Protein kinases are a large multigene family consisting of more than 500proteins which play a critical role in the development and treatment ofa number of human diseases in oncology, neurology and immunology. TheTec kinases are non-receptor tyrosine kinases which consists of fivemembers (Tec (tyrosine kinase expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma),Btk (Bruton's tyrosine kinase), Itk (interleukin-2 (IL-2)-inducibleT-cell kinase; also known as Emt or Tsk), Rlk (resting lymphocytekinase; also known as Txk) and Bmx (bone-marrow tyrosine kinase gene onchromosome X; also known as Etk)) and are primarily expressed inhaematopoietic cells, although expression of Bmx and Tec has beendetected in endothelial and liver cells. Tec kinases (Itk, Rlk and Tec)are expressed in T cell and are all activated downstream of the T-cellreceptor (TCR). Btk is a downstream mediator of B cell receptor (BCR)signaling which is involved in regulating B cell activation,proliferation, and differentiation. More specifically, Btk contains a PHdomain that binds phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3).PIP3 binding induces Btk to phosphorylate phospholipase C (PLCγ), whichin turn hydrolyzes PIP2 to produce two secondary messengers, inositoltriphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG), which activate proteinkinase PKC, which then induces additional B-cell signaling. Mutationsthat disable Btk enzymatic activity result in XLA syndrome (X-linkedagammaglobulinemia), a primary immunodeficiency. Given the criticalroles which Tec kinases play in both B-cell and T-cell signaling, Teckinases are targets of interest for autoimmune disorders.

Consequently, there is a great need in the art for effective inhibitorsof Btk. The present invention fulfills these and other needs.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides a compound offormula I:

wherein each of R¹, R², R³, R⁴, X¹, X², L, Ring A¹, Ring A², y, z, and pare as defined and described herein. These compounds are inhibitors of anumber of protein kinases in particular Tec family members such as Itk,Txk, Tec, Bmx and Btk (Bruton's tyrosine kinase). Accordingly, providedcompounds can be used in a variety of methods including in vitroscreening and activity assays as well as in vivo pre-clinical, clinical,and therapeutic settings, as described in detail herein.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides pharmaceuticalcompositions comprising provided compounds.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides methods ofdecreasing Btk enzymatic activity. Such methods include contacting a Btkwith an effective amount of a Btk inhibitor.

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides a method oftreating a disorder responsive to Btk inhibition in a subject in needthereof. Such disorders and methods are described in detail herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF CERTAIN EMBODIMENTS

In certain embodiments, the present invention provides a compound offormula I:

wherein:

-   -   X¹ is —O—, —CR⁵R⁶— or —NR⁷—;    -   X² is ═CR⁸— or ═N—;    -   p is 0-5;    -   y is 0, 1, or 2;    -   z is 0, 1, or 2, wherein z is 0 or 1 when y is 2, and z is 1 or        2 when y is 0;    -   each R¹ is independently halogen, —NO₂, —CN, —OR, —SR, —N(R)₂,        —C(O)R, —CO₂R, —C(O)C(O)R, —C(O)CH₂C(O)R, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R,        —C(O)N(R)₂, —SO₂N(R)₂, —OC(O)R, —N(R)C(O)R, —N(R)N(R)₂,        —N(R)C(═NR)N(R)₂, —C(═NR)N(R)₂, —C═NOR, —N(R)C(O)N(R)₂,        —N(R)SO₂N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂R, —OC(O)N(R)₂, or an optionally        substituted group selected from C₁₋₁₂ aliphatic, phenyl, a 3-7        membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic        carbocyclic ring, a 7-10 membered saturated or partially        unsaturated bicyclic carbocyclic ring, a 3-7 membered saturated        or partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-2        heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or        sulfur, a 7-10 membered saturated or partially unsaturated        bicyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently        selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, an 8-10 membered        bicyclic aryl ring, a 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring having 1-3        heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or        sulfur, or an 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl ring having 1-4        heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or        sulfur, or:        -   two R¹ groups on adjacent carbon atoms are taken together            with their intervening atoms to form an optionally            substituted ring selected from phenyl, a 3-7 membered            saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic carbocyclic            ring, a 7-10 membered saturated or partially unsaturated            bicyclic carbocyclic ring, a 3-7 membered saturated or            partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring having            1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen,            oxygen, or sulfur, a 7-10 membered saturated or partially            unsaturated bicyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-3            heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or            sulfur, an 8-10 membered bicyclic aryl ring, a 5-6 membered            heteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently            selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or an 8-10            membered bicyclic heteroaryl ring having 1-4 heteroatoms            independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or:        -   two R¹ groups on non-adjacent carbon atoms are taken            together with their intervening atoms to form an optionally            substituted bridge of a bridged bicyclic group, wherein the            bridge is a C₁₋₃ hydrocarbon chain wherein one methylene            unit is optionally replaced by —NR—, —O—, —C(O)—, —OC(O)—,            —C(O)O—, —S—S—, or —S—, or:        -   two R¹ groups on the same carbon atom are taken together            with their intervening atoms to form an optionally            substituted spiro fused ring selected from a 3-7 membered            saturated or partially unsaturated carbocyclic ring, or a            3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic            heterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently            selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur;    -   each R is independently hydrogen or an optionally substituted        group selected from C₁₋₆ aliphatic, phenyl, a 3-7 membered        saturated or partially unsaturated carbocyclic ring, a 3-7        membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic        heterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected        from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or a 5-6 membered heteroaryl        ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from        nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or:        -   two R groups on the same nitrogen are taken together with            their intervening atoms to form an optionally substituted            3-7 membered saturated, partially unsaturated, or heteroaryl            ring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from            nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur;    -   each of R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, and R⁸ is independently R, halogen,        —NO₂, —CN, —OR, —SR, —N(R)₂, —C(O)R, —CO₂R, —C(O)C(O)R,        —C(O)CH₂C(O)R, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R, —C(O)N(R)₂, —SO₂N(R)₂, —OC(O)R,        —N(R)C(O)R, —N(R)N(R)₂, —N(R)C(═NR)N(R)₂, —C(═NR)N(R)₂, —C═NOR,        —N(R)C(O)N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂R, or —OC(O)N(R)₂; or:        -   R³ and R⁴ are optionally taken together with their            intervening atoms to form an optionally substituted ring            selected from a 3-7 membered saturated or partially            unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-2            heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or            sulfur, or a 7-10-membered saturated or partially            unsaturated bicyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-3            heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or            sulfur;    -   each of R⁴ and R⁷ is independently R, —CN, —C(O)R, —CO₂R,        —C(O)C(O)R, —C(O)CH₂C(O)R, —C(O)N(R)₂, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R, or        —S(O)₂N(R)₂;    -   Ring A¹ is an optionally substituted bivalent ring selected from        phenylene, a 3-8 membered saturated or partially unsaturated        monocyclic carbocyclylene, a 7-10 membered saturated or        partially unsaturated bicyclic carbocyclylene, a 3-8 membered        saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclylene        having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen,        oxygen, or sulfur, a 7-10 membered saturated or partially        unsaturated bicyclic heterocyclylene having 1-3 heteroatoms        independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, an 8-10        membered bicyclic arylene, a 5-6 membered heteroarylene having        1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or        sulfur, or an 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroarylene ring having        1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or        sulfur;    -   Ring A² is an optionally substituted ring selected from phenyl,        a 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic        carbocyclic ring, a 7-10 membered saturated or partially        unsaturated bicyclic carbocyclic ring, a 3-7 membered saturated        or partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-2        heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or        sulfur, a 7-10 membered saturated or partially unsaturated        bicyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently        selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, an 8-10 membered        bicyclic aryl ring, a 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring having 1-3        heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or        sulfur, or an 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl ring having 1-4        heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or        sulfur;    -   L is a covalent bond or an optionally substituted, bivalent C₁₋₇        saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched, hydrocarbon        chain, wherein one, two, or three methylene units of L are        independently replaced by -Cy-, —CR₂—, —NR—, —N(R)C(O)—,        —C(O)N(R)—, —N(R)SO₂—, —SO₂N(R)—, —O—, —C(O)—, —OC(O)—, —C(O)O—,        —S—, —SO—, —SO₂—, —C(═S)—, —C(═NR)—, —N═N—, or —C(═N₂)—, wherein        at least one methylene unit of L is replaced by —N(R)—; and    -   each Cy is independently an optionally substituted bivalent ring        selected from phenylene, a 3-7 membered saturated or partially        unsaturated carbocyclylene, a 3-7 membered saturated or        partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclylene having 1-2        heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or        sulfur, or a 5-6 membered heteroarylene having 1-3 heteroatoms        independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.        Definitions

Compounds of this invention include those described generally above, andare further illustrated by the classes, subclasses, and speciesdisclosed herein. As used herein, the following definitions shall applyunless otherwise indicated. For purposes of this invention, the chemicalelements are identified in accordance with the Periodic Table of theElements, CAS version, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 75^(th) Ed.Additionally, general principles of organic chemistry are described in“Organic Chemistry”, Thomas Sorrell, University Science Books,Sausalito: 1999, and “March's Advanced Organic Chemistry”, 5^(th) Ed.:Smith, M. B. and March, J., John Wiley & Sons, New York: 2001, theentire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

The abbreviations used herein have their conventional meaning within thechemical and biological arts. The chemical structures and formulae setforth herein are constructed according to the standard rules of chemicalvalency known in the chemical arts.

The term “aliphatic” or “aliphatic group”, as used herein, means astraight-chain (i.e., unbranched) or branched, substituted orunsubstituted hydrocarbon chain that is completely saturated or thatcontains one or more units of unsaturation, or a monocyclic hydrocarbonor bicyclic hydrocarbon that is completely saturated or that containsone or more units of unsaturation, but which is not aromatic (alsoreferred to herein as “carbocycle,” “cycloaliphatic” or “cycloalkyl”),that has a single point of attachment to the rest of the molecule.Unless otherwise specified, aliphatic groups contain 1-6 aliphaticcarbon atoms. In some embodiments, aliphatic groups contain 1-5aliphatic carbon atoms. In other embodiments, aliphatic groups contain1-4 aliphatic carbon atoms. In still other embodiments, aliphatic groupscontain 1-3 aliphatic carbon atoms, and in yet other embodiments,aliphatic groups contain 1-2 aliphatic carbon atoms. In someembodiments, “cycloaliphatic” (or “carbocycle” or “cycloalkyl”) refersto a monocyclic C₃-C₆ hydrocarbon that is completely saturated or thatcontains one or more units of unsaturation, but which is not aromatic,that has a single point of attachment to the rest of the molecule.Suitable aliphatic groups include, but are not limited to, linear orbranched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl groupsand hybrids thereof such as (cycloalkyl)alkyl, (cycloalkenyl)alkyl or(cycloalkyl)alkenyl.

As used herein, the term “bridged bicyclic” refers to any bicyclic ringsystem, i.e. carbocyclic or heterocyclic, saturated or partiallyunsaturated, having at least one bridge. As defined by IUPAC, a “bridge”is an unbranched chain of atoms or an atom or a valence bond connectingtwo bridgeheads, where a “bridgehead” is any skeletal atom of the ringsystem which is bonded to three or more skeletal atoms (excludinghydrogen).

The term “lower alkyl” refers to a C₁₋₄ straight or branched alkylgroup. Exemplary lower alkyl groups are methyl, ethyl, propyl,isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, and tert-butyl.

The term “lower haloalkyl” refers to a C₁₋₄ straight or branched alkylgroup that is substituted with one or more halogen atoms.

The term “heteroatom” means one or more of oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen,phosphorus, or silicon (including, any oxidized form of nitrogen,sulfur, phosphorus, or silicon; the quaternized form of any basicnitrogen or; a substitutable nitrogen of a heterocyclic ring, forexample N (as in 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrolyl), NH (as in pyrrolidinyl) orNR⁺ (as in N-substituted pyrrolidinyl)).

The term “unsaturated,” as used herein, means that a moiety has one ormore units of unsaturation.

As used herein, the term “bivalent C_(x-y) (e.g., C₁₋₅) saturated orunsaturated, straight or branched, hydrocarbon chain”, refers tobivalent alkylene, alkenylene, and alkynylene chains that are straightor branched as defined herein.

The term “alkylene” refers to a bivalent alkyl group. An “alkylenechain” is a polymethylene group, i.e., —(CH₂)_(n)—, n is from 1 to 6,from 1 to 4, from 1 to 3, from 1 to 2, or from 2 to 3. A substitutedalkylene chain is a polymethylene group in which one or more methylenehydrogen atoms are replaced with a substituent. Suitable substituentsinclude those described below for a substituted aliphatic group.

The term “alkenylene” refers to a bivalent alkenyl group. A substitutedalkenylene chain is a polymethylene group containing at least one doublebond in which one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced with asubstituent. Suitable substituents include those described below for asubstituted aliphatic group.

As used herein, the term “cycloalkylenyl” refers to a bivalentcycloalkyl group of the following structure:

The term “halogen” means F, Cl, Br, or I.

The term “aryl” used alone or as part of a larger moiety as in“aralkyl,” “aralkoxy,” or “aryloxyalkyl,” refers to monocyclic orbicyclic ring systems having a total of five to fourteen ring members,wherein at least one ring in the system is aromatic and wherein eachring in the system contains 3 to 7 ring members. The term “aryl” may beused interchangeably with the term “aryl ring.”

The term “aryl” used alone or as part of a larger moiety as in“aralkyl,” “aralkoxy,” or “aryloxyalkyl,” refers to monocyclic andbicyclic ring systems having a total of five to 10 ring members, whereinat least one ring in the system is aromatic and wherein each ring in thesystem contains three to seven ring members. The term “aryl” may be usedinterchangeably with the term “aryl ring”. In certain embodiments of thepresent invention, “aryl” refers to an aromatic ring system whichincludes, but not limited to, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl, anthracyl andthe like, which may bear one or more substituents. Also included withinthe scope of the term “aryl,” as it is used herein, is a group in whichan aromatic ring is fused to one or more non-aromatic rings, such asindanyl, phthalimidyl, naphthimidyl, phenanthridinyl, ortetrahydronaphthyl, and the like.

The terms “heteroaryl” and “heteroar-,” used alone or as part of alarger moiety, e.g., “heteroaralkyl,” or “heteroaralkoxy,” refer togroups having 5 to 10 ring atoms, preferably 5, 6, or 9 ring atoms;having 6, 10, or 14 π electrons shared in a cyclic array; and having, inaddition to carbon atoms, from one to five heteroatoms. The term“heteroatom” refers to nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, and includes anyoxidized form of nitrogen or sulfur, and any quaternized form of a basicnitrogen. Heteroaryl groups include, without limitation, thienyl,furanyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl,oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl,thiadiazolyl, pyridyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, indolizinyl,purinyl, naphthyridinyl, and pteridinyl. The terms “heteroaryl” and“heteroar-”, as used herein, also include groups in which aheteroaromatic ring is fused to one or more aryl, cycloaliphatic, orheterocyclyl rings, where the radical or point of attachment is on theheteroaromatic ring. Nonlimiting examples include indolyl, isoindolyl,benzothienyl, benzofuranyl, dibenzofuranyl, indazolyl, benzimidazolyl,benzthiazolyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, cinnolinyl, phthalazinyl,quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, 4H-quinolizinyl, carbazolyl, acridinyl,phenazinyl, phenothiazinyl, phenoxazinyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl,tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, and pyrido[2,3-b]-1,4-oxazin-3(4H)-one. Aheteroaryl group may be mono- or bicyclic. The term “heteroaryl” may beused interchangeably with the terms “heteroaryl ring,” “heteroarylgroup,” or “heteroaromatic,” any of which terms include rings that areoptionally substituted. The term “heteroaralkyl” refers to an alkylgroup substituted by a heteroaryl, wherein the alkyl and heteroarylportions independently are optionally substituted.

As used herein, the terms “heterocycle,” “heterocyclyl,” “heterocyclicradical,” and “heterocyclic ring” are used interchangeably and refer toa stable 5- to 7-membered monocyclic or 7-10-membered bicyclicheterocyclic moiety that is either saturated or partially unsaturated,and having, in addition to carbon atoms, one or more, preferably one tofour, heteroatoms, as defined above. When used in reference to a ringatom of a heterocycle, the term “nitrogen” includes a substitutednitrogen. As an example, in a saturated or partially unsaturated ringhaving 0-3 heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen, thenitrogen may be N (as in 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrolyl), NH (as inpyrrolidinyl), or ⁺NR (as in N-substituted pyrrolidinyl).

A heterocyclic ring can be attached to its pendant group at anyheteroatom or carbon atom that results in a stable structure and any ofthe ring atoms can be optionally substituted. Examples of such saturatedor partially unsaturated heterocyclic radicals include, withoutlimitation, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydrothiophenyl pyrrolidinyl,piperidinyl, pyrrolinyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl,decahydroquinolinyl, oxazolidinyl, piperazinyl, dioxanyl, dioxolanyl,diazepinyl, oxazepinyl, thiazepinyl, morpholinyl, and quinuclidinyl. Theterms “heterocycle,” “heterocyclyl,” “heterocyclyl ring,” “heterocyclicgroup,” “heterocyclic moiety,” and “heterocyclic radical,” are usedinterchangeably herein, and also include groups in which a heterocyclylring is fused to one or more aryl, heteroaryl, or cycloaliphatic rings,such as indolinyl, 3H-indolyl, chromanyl, phenanthridinyl, ortetrahydroquinolinyl, where the radical or point of attachment is on theheterocyclyl ring. A heterocyclyl group may be mono- or bicyclic. Theterm “heterocyclylalkyl” refers to an alkyl group substituted by aheterocyclyl, wherein the alkyl and heterocyclyl portions independentlyare optionally substituted.

As used herein, the term “partially unsaturated” refers to a ring moietythat includes at least one double or triple bond. The term “partiallyunsaturated” is intended to encompass rings having multiple sites ofunsaturation, but is not intended to include aryl or heteroarylmoieties, as herein defined.

As used herein and unless otherwise specified, the suffix “-ene” is usedto describe a bivalent group. Thus, any of the terms above can bemodified with the suffix “-ene” to describe a bivalent version of thatmoiety. For example, a bivalent carbocycle is “carbocycylene”, abivalent aryl ring is “arylene”, a bivalent benzene ring is “phenylene”,a bivalent heterocycle is “heterocyclylene”, a bivalent heteroaryl ringis “heteroarylene”, a bivalent alkyl chain is “alkylene”, a bivalentalkenyl chain is “alkenylene”, a bivalent alkynyl chain is “alkynylene”,and so forth.

As described herein, compounds of the invention may, when specified,contain “optionally substituted” moieties. In general, the term“substituted,” whether preceded by the term “optionally” or not, meansthat one or more hydrogens of the designated moiety are replaced with asuitable substituent. Unless otherwise indicated, an “optionallysubstituted” group may have a suitable substituent at each substitutableposition of the group, and when more than one position in any givenstructure may be substituted with more than one substituent selectedfrom a specified group, the substituent may be either the same ordifferent at every position. Combinations of substituents envisioned bythis invention are preferably those that result in the formation ofstable or chemically feasible compounds. The term “stable,” as usedherein, refers to compounds that are not substantially altered whensubjected to conditions to allow for their production, detection, and,in certain embodiments, their recovery, purification, and use for one ormore of the purposes disclosed herein.

Suitable monovalent substituents on a substitutable carbon atom of an“optionally substituted” group are independently halogen;—(CH₂)₀₋₄R^(∘); —(CH₂)₀₋₄OR^(∘); —O(CH₂)₀₋₄R^(∘), —O—(CH₂)₀₋₄C(O)OR^(∘);—(CH₂)₀₋₄CH(OR^(∘))₂; —(CH₂)₀₋₄SR^(∘); —(CH₂)₀₋₄Ph, which may besubstituted with R^(∘); —(CH₂)₀₋₄O(CH₂)₀₋₁Ph which may be substitutedwith R^(∘); —CH═CHPh, which may be substituted with R^(∘);—(CH₂)₀₋₄O(CH₂)₀₋₁-pyridyl which may be substituted with R^(∘); —NO₂;—CN; —N₃; —(CH₂)₀₋₄N(R^(∘))₂; —(CH₂)₀₋₄N(R^(∘))C(O)R^(∘);—N(R^(∘))C(S)R^(∘); —(CH₂)₀₋₄N(R^(∘))C(O)NR^(∘) ₂; —N(R^(∘))C(S)NR^(∘)₂; —(CH₂)₀₋₄N(R^(∘))C(O)OR^(∘); —N(R^(∘))N(R^(∘))C(O)R^(∘);—N(R^(∘))N(R^(∘))C(O)NR^(∘) ₂; —N(R^(∘))N(R^(∘))C(O)OR^(∘);—(CH₂)₀₋₄C(O)R^(∘); —C(S)R^(∘); —(CH₂)₀₋₄C(O)OR^(∘);—(CH₂)₀₋₄C(O)SR^(∘); —(CH₂)₀₋₄C(O)OSiR^(∘) ₃; —(CH₂)₀₋₄OC(O)R^(∘);—OC(O)(CH₂)₀₋₄SR—, —SC(S)SR^(∘); —(CH₂)₀₋₄SC(O)R^(∘);—(CH₂)₀₋₄C(O)NR^(∘) ₂; —C(S)NR^(∘) ₂; —C(S)SR^(∘); —SC(S)SR^(∘),—(CH₂)₀₋₄OC(O)NR^(∘) ₂; —C(O)N(OR^(∘))R^(∘); —C(O)C(O)R^(∘);—C(O)CH₂C(O)R^(∘); —C(NOR^(∘))R^(∘); —(CH₂)₀₋₄SSR^(∘);—(CH₂)₀₋₄S(O)₂R^(∘); —(CH₂)₀₋₄S(O)₂OR^(∘); —(CH₂)₀₋₄OS(O)₂R^(∘);—S(O)₂NR^(∘) ₂; —(CH₂)₀₋₄S(O)R^(∘); —N(R^(∘))S(O)₂NR^(∘) ₂;—N(R^(∘))S(O)₂R^(∘); —N(OR^(∘))R^(∘); —C(NH)NR^(∘) ₂; —P(O)₂R^(∘);—P(O)R^(∘) ₂; —OP(O)R^(∘) ₂; —OP(O)(OR^(∘))₂; SiR^(∘) ₃; —(C₁₋₄ straightor branched alkylene)O—N(R^(∘))₂; or —(C₁₋₄ straight or branchedalkylene)C(O)O—N(R^(∘))₂, wherein each R^(∘) may be substituted asdefined below and is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₆ aliphatic, —CH₂Ph,—O(CH₂)₀₋₁Ph, —CH₂-(5-6 membered heteroaryl ring), or a 5-6-memberedsaturated, partially unsaturated, or aryl ring having 0-4 heteroatomsindependently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or,notwithstanding the definition above, two independent occurrences ofR^(∘), taken together with their intervening atom(s), form a3-12-membered saturated, partially unsaturated, or aryl mono- orbicyclic ring having 0-4 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, which may be substituted as defined below.

Suitable monovalent substituents on R^(∘) (or the ring formed by takingtwo independent occurrences of R^(∘) together with their interveningatoms), are independently halogen, —(CH₂)₀₋₂R^(●), -(haloR^(●)),—(CH₂)₀₋₂OH, —(CH₂)₀₋₂OR^(●), —(CH₂)₀₋₂CH(OR^(●))₂; —O(haloR^(●)), —CN,—N₃, —(CH₂)₀₋₂C(O)R^(●), —(CH₂)₀₋₂C(O)OH, —(CH₂)₀₋₂C(O)OR^(●),—(CH₂)₀₋₂SR^(●), —(CH₂)₀₋₂SH, —(CH₂)₀₋₂NH₂, —(CH₂)₀₋₂NHR^(●),—(CH₂)₀₋₂NR^(●) ₂, —NO₂, —SiR^(●) ₃, —OSiR^(●) ₃, —C(O)SR^(●), —(C₁₋₄straight or branched alkylene)C(O)OR^(●), or —SSR^(●) wherein each R^(●)is unsubstituted or where preceded by “halo” is substituted only withone or more halogens, and is independently selected from C₁₋₄ aliphatic,—CH₂Ph, —O(CH₂)₀₋₁Ph, or a 5-6-membered saturated, partiallyunsaturated, or aryl ring having 0-4 heteroatoms independently selectedfrom nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. Suitable divalent substituents on asaturated carbon atom of R^(●) include ═O and ═S.

Suitable divalent substituents on a saturated carbon atom of an“optionally substituted” group include the following: ═O, ═S, ═NNR*₂,═NNHC(O)R*, ═NNHC(O)OR*, ═NNHS(O)₂R*, ═NR*, ═NOR*, —O(C(R^(*) ₂))₂₋₃O—,or —S(C(R*₂))₂₋₃S—, wherein each independent occurrence of R* isselected from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ aliphatic which may be substituted asdefined below, or an unsubstituted 5-6-membered saturated, partiallyunsaturated, or aryl ring having 0-4 heteroatoms independently selectedfrom nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. Suitable divalent substituents thatare bound to vicinal substitutable carbons of an “optionallysubstituted” group include: —O(CR*₂)₂₋₃O—, wherein each independentoccurrence of R* is selected from hydrogen, C₁₋₆ aliphatic which may besubstituted as defined below, or an unsubstituted 5-6-memberedsaturated, partially unsaturated, or aryl ring having 0-4 heteroatomsindependently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.

Suitable substituents on the aliphatic group of R* include halogen,—R^(●), -(haloR^(●)), —OH, —OR^(●), —O(haloR^(●)), —CN, —C(O)OH,—C(O)OR^(●), —NH₂, —NHR^(●), —NR^(●) ₂, or —NO₂, wherein each R^(●) isunsubstituted or where preceded by “halo” is substituted only with oneor more halogens, and is independently C₁₋₄ aliphatic, —CH₂Ph,—O(CH₂)₀₋₁Ph, or a 5-6-membered saturated, partially unsaturated, oraryl ring having 0-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen,oxygen, or sulfur.

Suitable substituents on a substitutable nitrogen of an “optionallysubstituted” group include —R^(†), —NR^(†) ₂, —C(O)R^(†), —C(O)OR^(†),—C(O)C(O)R^(†), —C(O)CH₂C(O)R^(†), —S(O)₂R^(†), —S(O)₂NR^(†) ₂,—C(S)NR^(†) ₂, —C(NH)NR^(†) ₂, or —N(R^(†))S(O)₂R^(†); wherein eachR^(†) is independently hydrogen, C₁₋₆ aliphatic which may be substitutedas defined below, unsubstituted —OPh, or an unsubstituted 5-6-memberedsaturated, partially unsaturated, or aryl ring having 0-4 heteroatomsindependently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or,notwithstanding the definition above, two independent occurrences ofR^(†), taken together with their intervening atom(s) form anunsubstituted 3-12-membered saturated, partially unsaturated, or arylmono- or bicyclic ring having 0-4 heteroatoms independently selectedfrom nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.

Suitable substituents on the aliphatic group of R^(†) are independentlyhalogen, —R^(●), -(haloR^(●)), —OH, —OR^(●), —O(haloR^(●)), —CN,—C(O)OH, —C(O)OR^(●), —NH₂, —NHR^(●), —NR^(●) ₂, or —NO₂, wherein eachR^(●) is unsubstituted or where preceded by “halo” is substituted onlywith one or more halogens, and is independently C₁₋₄ aliphatic, —CH₂Ph,—O(CH₂)₀₋₁Ph, or a 5-6-membered saturated, partially unsaturated, oraryl ring having 0-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen,oxygen, or sulfur.

As used herein, the term “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” refers tothose salts which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment,suitable for use in contact with the tissues of humans and lower animalswithout undue toxicity, irritation, allergic response and the like, andare commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio. Pharmaceuticallyacceptable salts are well known in the art. For example, S. M. Berge etal., describe pharmaceutically acceptable salts in detail in J.Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1977, 66, 1-19, incorporated herein byreference.

In certain embodiments, the neutral forms of the compounds areregenerated by contacting the salt with a base or acid and isolating theparent compound in the conventional manner. In some embodiments, theparent form of the compound differs from the various salt forms incertain physical properties, such as solubility in polar solvents.

Unless otherwise stated, structures depicted herein are also meant toinclude all isomeric (e.g., enantiomeric, diastereomeric, and geometric(or conformational)) forms of the structure; for example, the R and Sconfigurations for each asymmetric center, Z and E double bond isomers,and Z and E conformational isomers. Therefore, single stereochemicalisomers as well as enantiomeric, diastereomeric, and geometric (orconformational) mixtures of the present compounds are within the scopeof the invention. Unless otherwise stated, all tautomeric forms of thecompounds of the invention are within the scope of the invention.Additionally, unless otherwise stated, structures depicted herein arealso meant to include compounds that differ only in the presence of oneor more isotopically enriched atoms. For example, compounds having thepresent structures including the replacement of hydrogen by deuterium ortritium, or the replacement of a carbon by a ¹³C- or ¹⁴C-enriched carbonare within the scope of this invention. Such compounds are useful, forexample, as analytical tools, as probes in biological assays, or astherapeutic agents in accordance with the present invention.

The term “oxo,” as used herein, means an oxygen that is double bonded toa carbon atom, thereby forming a carbonyl.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the syntheticmethods, as described herein, utilize a variety of protecting groups. Bythe term “protecting group,” as used herein, it is meant that aparticular functional moiety, e.g., O, S, or N, is masked or blocked,permitting, if desired, a reaction to be carried out selectively atanother reactive site in a multifunctional compound. Suitable protectinggroups are well known in the art and include those described in detailin Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis, T. W. Greene and P. G. M.Wuts, 3^(rd) edition, John Wiley & Sons, 1999, the entirety of which isincorporated herein by reference. In certain embodiments, a protectinggroup reacts selectively in good yield to give a protected substratethat is stable to the projected reactions; the protecting group ispreferably selectively removable by readily available, preferablynon-toxic reagents that do not attack the other functional groups; theprotecting group forms a separable derivative (more preferably withoutthe generation of new stereogenic centers); and the protecting groupwill preferably have a minimum of additional functionality to avoidfurther sites of reaction. As detailed herein, oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen,and carbon protecting groups may be utilized. By way of non-limitingexample, hydroxyl protecting groups include methyl, methoxylmethyl(MOM), methylthiomethyl (MTM), benzyloxymethyl (BOM),p-methoxybenzyloxymethyl (PMBM), t-butoxymethyl, siloxymethyl,2-methoxyethoxymethyl (MEM), 2,2,2-trichloroethoxymethyl,tetrahydropyranyl (THP), 4-methoxytetrahydropyranyl (MTHP),1-methyl-1-methoxyethyl, 1-methyl-1-benzyloxyethyl,2-trimethylsilylethyl, allyl, p-chlorophenyl, p-methoxyphenyl,2,4-dinitrophenyl, benzyl, p-methoxybenzyl, 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl,p-nitrobenzyl, 2,6-dichlorobenzyl, p-phenylbenzyl, 4-picolyl,diphenylmethyl, p,p′-dinitrobenzhydryl, triphenylmethyl,p-methoxyphenyldiphenylmethyl,1,1-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1′-pyrenylmethyl, trimethylsilyl (TMS),triethylsilyl (TES), triisopropylsilyl (TIPS), dimethylisopropylsilyl(IPDMS), dimethylthexylsilyl, t-butyldimethylsilyl (TBDMS),t-butyldiphenylsilyl (TBDPS), triphenylsilyl, diphenylmethylsilyl(DPMS), t-butylmethoxyphenylsilyl (TBMPS), formate, benzoylformate,acetate, chloroacetate, dichloroacetate, trichloroacetate,trifluoroacetate, methoxyacetate, triphenylmethoxyacetate,phenoxyacetate, p-chlorophenoxyacetate, 3-phenylpropionate, pivaloate,adamantoate, crotonate, benzoate, p-phenylbenzoate,2,4,6-trimethylbenzoate (mesitoate), alkyl methyl carbonate,9-fluorenylmethyl carbonate (Fmoc), alkyl ethyl carbonate, alkyl2,2,2-trichloroethyl carbonate (Troc), 2-(trimethylsilyl)ethyl carbonate(TMSEC), alkyl benzyl carbonate, alkyl p-methoxybenzyl carbonate, alkyl3,4-dimethoxybenzyl carbonate, alkyl o-nitrobenzyl carbonate, alkylp-nitrobenzyl carbonate, alkyl S-benzyl thiocarbonate,o-(dibromomethyl)benzoate, 2-(methylthiomethoxy)ethyl,2-(methylthiomethoxymethyl)benzoate,2,6-dichloro-4-methylphenoxyacetate,2,6-dichloro-4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenoxyacetate,chlorodiphenylacetate, isobutyrate, monosuccinoate,o-(methoxycarbonyl)benzoate, alkyl N-phenylcarbamate, borate,dimethylphosphinothioyl, alkyl 2,4-dinitrophenylsulfenate, sulfate,methanesulfonate (mesylate), benzylsulfonate, and tosylate (Ts). Forprotecting 1,2- or 1,3-diols, the protecting groups include methyleneacetal, ethylidene acetal, 1-t-butylethylidene ketal, 1-phenylethylideneketal, (4-methoxyphenyl)ethylidene acetal, 2,2,2-trichloroethylideneacetal, acetonide, cyclopentylidene ketal, cyclohexylidene ketal,cycloheptylidene ketal, benzylidene acetal, p-methoxybenzylidene acetal,3,4-dimethoxybenzylidene acetal, 2-nitrobenzylidene acetal,methoxymethylene acetal, ethoxymethylene acetal, α-methoxybenzylideneortho ester, α-(N,N′-dimethylamino)benzylidene derivative,2-oxacyclopentylidene ortho ester, di-t-butylsilylene group (DTBS),1,3-(1,1,3,3-tetraisopropyldisiloxanylidene) derivative (TIPDS), cycliccarbonates, cyclic boronates, ethyl boronate, and phenyl boronate.Amino-protecting groups include methyl carbamate, 9-fluorenylmethylcarbamate (Fmoc), 9-(2,7-dibromo)fluoroenylmethyl carbamate,4-methoxyphenacyl carbamate (Phenoc), 2,2,2-trichloroethyl carbamate(Troc), 2-trimethylsilylethyl carbamate (Teoc),1-methyl-1-(4-biphenylyl)ethyl carbamate (Bpoc), 2-(2′- and4′-pyridyl)ethyl carbamate (Pyoc), 2-(N,N-dicyclohexylcarboxamido)ethylcarbamate, t-butyl carbamate (BOC), allyl carbamate (Alloc),4-nitrocinnamyl carbamate (Noc), N-hydroxypiperidinyl carbamate,alkyldithio carbamate, benzyl carbamate (Cbz), p-nitobenzyl carbamate,p-chlorobenzyl carbamate, diphenylmethyl carbamate,2-methylsulfonylethyl carbamate, 2-(p-toluenesulfonyl)ethyl carbamate,2,4-dimethylthiophenyl carbamate (Bmpc), 2-triphenylphosphonioisopropylcarbamate (Ppoc), m-chloro-p-acyloxybenzyl carbamate,p-(dihydroxyboryl)benzyl carbamate, m-nitrophenyl carbamate,3,5-dimethoxybenzyl carbamate, o-nitrobenzyl carbamate,phenyl(o-nitrophenyl)methyl carbamate, N′-p-toluenesulfonylaminocarbonylderivative, N′-phenylaminothiocarbonyl derivative, t-amyl carbamate,p-cyanobenzyl carbamate, cyclohexyl carbamate, cyclopentyl carbamate,p-decyloxybenzyl carbamate, 2,2-dimethoxycarbonylvinyl carbamate,2-furanylmethyl carbamate, isoborynl carbamate, isobutyl carbamate,1-methyl-1-phenylethyl carbamate, 1-methyl-1-(4-pyridyl)ethyl carbamate,phenyl carbamate, formamide, acetamide, chloroacetamide,trichloroacetamide, trifluoroacetamide, phenylacetamide,3-phenylpropanamide, picolinamide, N-benzoylphenylalanyl derivative,benzamide, p-phenylbenzamide, o-nitrophenoxyacetamide, acetoacetamide,4-chlorobutanamide, 3-methyl-3-nitrobutanamide, o-nitrocinnamide,N-acetylmethionine derivative, o-nitrobenzamide,o-(benzoyloxymethyl)benzamide, 4,5-diphenyl-3-oxazolin-2-one,N-phthalimide, N-2,5-dimethylpyrrole, N-methylamine, N-allylamine,N-[2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy]methylamine (SEM), N-3-acetoxypropylamine,N-benzylamine, N-triphenylmethylamine (Tr), N-2-picolylamino N′-oxide,N-1,1-dimethylthiomethyleneamine, N-benzylideneamine,N-p-methoxybenzylideneamine, N—(N′,N′-dimethylaminomethylene)amine,N,N′-isopropylidenediamine, N-p-nitrobenzylideneamine,N-(5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)phenylmethyleneamine,N-cyclohexylideneamine, N-(5,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-1-cyclohexenyl)amine,N-borane derivative, N-diphenylborinic acid derivative, N-nitroamine,N-nitrosoamine, amine N-oxide, diphenylphosphinamide (Dpp),dimethylthiophosphinamide (Mpt), dialkyl phosphoramidates, dibenzylphosphoramidate, diphenyl phosphoramidate, benzenesulfenamide,o-nitrobenzenesulfenamide (Nps), 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfenamide,pentachlorobenzenesulfenamide, 2-nitro-4-methoxybenzenesulfenamide,triphenylmethylsulfenamide, p-toluenesulfonamide (Ts),benzenesulfonamide, 2,3,6-trimethyl-4-methoxybenzenesulfonamide (Mtr),2,4,6-trimethoxybenzenesulfonamide (Mtb),2,6-dimethyl-4-methoxybenzenesulfonamide (Pme),2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-4-methoxybenzenesulfonamide (Mte),4-methoxybenzenesulfonamide (Mbs), 2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonamide(Mts), methanesulfonamide (Ms), β-trimethylsilylethanesulfonamide (SES),benzylsulfonamide, trifluoromethylsulfonamide, and phenacylsulfonamideExemplary protecting groups are detailed herein, however, it will beappreciated that the present invention is not intended to be limited tothese protecting groups; rather, a variety of additional equivalentprotecting groups can be readily identified using the above criteria andutilized in the method of the present invention. Additionally, a varietyof protecting groups are described by Greene and Wuts (supra).

The symbol “

” denotes the point of attachment of a chemical moiety to the remainderof a molecule or chemical formula.

As described above, in certain embodiments provided compounds are offormula I:

wherein each of R¹, R², R³, R⁴, X¹, X², L, Ring A¹, Ring A², y, z, and pare as defined above and described in classes and subclasses herein.

In some embodiments, p is 0. In some embodiments, p is 1. In someembodiments, p is 2. In some embodiments, p is 3. In some embodiments, pis 4. In some embodiments, p is 5.

In some embodiments, y is 0. In some embodiments, y is 1. In someembodiments, y is 2.

In some embodiments, z is 0. In some embodiments, z is 1. In someembodiments, z is 2.

In certain embodiments, each R¹ is independently halogen, —NO₂, —CN,—OR, —SR, —N(R)₂, —C(O)R, —CO₂R, —C(O)C(O)R, —C(O)CH₂C(O)R, —S(O)R,—S(O)₂R, —C(O)N(R)₂, —SO₂N(R)₂, —OC(O)R, —N(R)C(O)R, —N(R)N(R)₂,—N(R)C(═NR)N(R)₂, —C(═NR)N(R)₂, —C═NOR, —N(R)C(O)N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂N(R)₂,—N(R)SO₂R, —OC(O)N(R)₂, or optionally substituted C₁₋₁₂ aliphatic. Insome embodiments, each R¹ is independently halogen, —NO₂, —CN, —OR, —SR,—N(R)₂, —C(O)R, —CO₂R, —C(O)C(O)R, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R, —C(O)N(R)₂,—SO₂N(R)₂, —OC(O)R, —N(R)C(O)R, —N(R)SO₂N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂R, —OC(O)N(R)₂,or optionally substituted C₁₋₆ aliphatic. In some embodiments, R¹ isoptionally substituted C₁₋₆ aliphatic. In some embodiments, R¹ is C₁₋₄alkyl. In some embodiments, R¹ is halogen. In some embodiments, R¹ ishalogen substituted C₁₋₄ alkyl. In some embodiments, R¹ is —CF₃. In someembodiments, R¹ is —CN. In some embodiments, R¹ is methyl.

In some embodiments, p is at least 2, and two R¹ groups on adjacentcarbon atoms are taken together with their intervening atoms to form anoptionally substituted ring selected from phenyl, a 3-7 memberedsaturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic carbocyclic ring, a 7-10membered saturated or partially unsaturated bicyclic carbocyclic ring, a3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclicring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen,oxygen, or sulfur, a 7-10 membered saturated or partially unsaturatedbicyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selectedfrom nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, an 8-10 membered bicyclic aryl ring, a5-6 membered heteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independentlyselected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or an 8-10 membered bicyclicheteroaryl ring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. In some embodiments, two R¹ groups onadjacent carbon atoms are taken together with their intervening atoms toform an optionally substituted 3-7 membered saturated or partiallyunsaturated monocyclic carbocyclic ring. In some embodiments, two R¹groups on adjacent carbon atoms are taken together with theirintervening atoms to form a bicyclic ring having the formula:

In certain embodiments, the bicyclic ring is further substituted withone, two, or three R¹ groups.

In some embodiments, p is at least 2, and two R¹ groups on non-adjacentcarbon atoms are taken together with their intervening atoms to form anoptionally substituted bridge of a bridged bicyclic group, wherein thebridge is a C₁₋₃ hydrocarbon chain wherein one methylene unit isoptionally replaced by —NR—, —O—, —C(O)—, —OC(O)—, —C(O)O—, —S—S—, or—S—. In certain embodiments, two R¹ groups on non-adjacent carbon atomsare taken together with their intervening atoms to form an optionallysubstituted bridge of a bridged bicyclic group, wherein the bridge is aC₁₋₃ hydrocarbon chain. In some embodiments, two R¹ groups onnon-adjacent carbon atoms are taken together with their interveningatoms to form an optionally substituted bridge having the formula:

In certain embodiments, the bridged bicyclic group is furthersubstituted with one, two, or three R¹ groups.

In some embodiments, p is at least 2, and two R¹ groups on the samecarbon atom are taken together with their intervening atoms to form anoptionally substituted spiro fused ring selected from a 3-7 memberedsaturated or partially unsaturated carbocyclic ring, or a 3-7 memberedsaturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring having1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.In some embodiments, two R¹ groups on the same carbon atom are takentogether with their intervening atoms to form an optionally substitutedspiro fused 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated carbocyclicring. In some embodiments, two R¹ groups on the same carbon atom aretaken together with their intervening atoms to form an optionallysubstituted spiro fused ring having the formula:

In certain embodiments, the spiro fused ring is further substituted withone, two, or three R¹ groups.

In some embodiments, each R is independently hydrogen or an optionallysubstituted group selected from C₁₋₆ aliphatic, phenyl, a 3-7 memberedsaturated or partially unsaturated carbocyclic ring, a 3-7 memberedsaturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring having1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur,or a 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independentlyselected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. In some embodiments, R ishydrogen. In some embodiments, R is optionally substituted C₁₋₆aliphatic. In some embodiments, R is optionally substituted phenyl. Insome embodiments, R is an optionally substituted 3-7 membered saturatedor partially unsaturated carbocyclic ring. In some embodiments, R is anoptionally substituted 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturatedmonocyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independentlyselected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. In some embodiments, R is anoptionally substituted 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring having 1-3heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.

In certain embodiments, a substituent on R is selected from —CN, —CF₃,—OH, —NH₂, or —CO₂H.

In some embodiments, each of R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, and R⁸ is independently R,halogen, —NO₂, —CN, —OR, —SR, —N(R)₂, —C(O)R, —CO₂R, —C(O)C(O)R,—C(O)CH₂C(O)R, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R, —C(O)N(R)₂, —SO₂N(R)₂, —OC(O)R,—N(R)C(O)R, —N(R)N(R)₂, —N(R)C(═NR)N(R)₂, —C(═NR)N(R)₂, —C═NOR,—N(R)C(O)N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂R, or —OC(O)N(R)₂. In someembodiments, each of R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, and R⁸ is hydrogen. In someembodiments, each of R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, and R⁸ is independently R.

In some embodiments, R² is R, halogen, —NO₂, —CN, —OR, —SR, —N(R)₂,—C(O)R, —CO₂R, —C(O)C(O)R, —C(O)CH₂C(O)R, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R, —C(O)N(R)₂,—SO₂N(R)₂, —OC(O)R, —N(R)C(O)R, —N(R)N(R)₂, —N(R)C(═NR)N(R)₂,—C(═NR)N(R)₂, —C═NOR, —N(R)C(O)N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂R, or—OC(O)N(R)₂. In some embodiments, R² is hydrogen or optionallysubstituted C₁₋₆ aliphatic. In some embodiments, R² is propargyl. Insome embodiments, R² is halogen. In some embodiments, R² is hydrogen,C₁₋₆ aliphatic, or —N(R)₂. In some embodiments, R² is halogen, —CN, oroptionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkyl. In some embodiments, R² is hydrogen.In other embodiments, R² is optionally substituted C₁₋₄ alkyl. In someembodiments, R² is optionally substituted phenyl. In some embodiments,R² is an optionally substituted 3-7 membered saturated or partiallyunsaturated carbocyclic ring. In some embodiments, R² is an optionallysubstituted 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclicheterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. In some embodiments, R² is an optionallysubstituted 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatomsindependently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.

In some embodiments, R³ is R, halogen, —NO₂, —CN, —OR, —SR, —N(R)₂,—C(O)R, —CO₂R, —C(O)C(O)R, —C(O)CH₂C(O)R, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R, —C(O)N(R)₂,—SO₂N(R)₂, —OC(O)R, —N(R)C(O)R, —N(R)N(R)₂, —N(R)C(═NR)N(R)₂,—C(═NR)N(R)₂, —C═NOR, —N(R)C(O)N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂R, or—OC(O)N(R)₂. In some embodiments, R³ is hydrogen or optionallysubstituted C₁₋₆ aliphatic. In some embodiments, R³ is halogen, —CN, oroptionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkyl. In some embodiments, R³ is hydrogen.In other embodiments, R³ is optionally substituted C₁₋₄ alkyl. In someembodiments, R³ is optionally substituted phenyl. In some embodiments,R³ is an optionally substituted 3-7 membered saturated or partiallyunsaturated carbocyclic ring. In some embodiments, R³ is an optionallysubstituted 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclicheterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. In some embodiments, R³ is an optionallysubstituted 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatomsindependently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.

In some embodiments, each of R⁴ and R⁷ is independently R, —CN—C(O)R,—CO₂R, —C(O)C(O)R, —C(O)CH₂C(O)R, —C(O)N(R)₂, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R, or—S(O)₂N(R)₂. In some embodiments, each of R⁴ and R⁷ is hydrogen. In someembodiments, each of R⁴ and R⁷ is independently R.

In some embodiments, R⁴ is R, —C(O)R, —CO₂R, —C(O)C(O)R, —C(O)CH₂C(O)R,—C(O)N(R)₂, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R, or —S(O)₂N(R)₂. In some embodiments, R⁴ ishydrogen, —C(O)R, or optionally substituted C₁₋₆ aliphatic. In someembodiments, R⁴ is hydrogen or optionally substituted C₁₋₆ aliphatic. Insome embodiments, R⁴ is hydrogen. In other embodiments, R⁴ is optionallysubstituted C₁₋₄ alkyl. In some embodiments, R⁴ is optionallysubstituted phenyl. In some embodiments, R⁴ is an optionally substituted3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated carbocyclic ring. Insome embodiments, R⁴ is an optionally substituted 3-7 membered saturatedor partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-2heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. Insome embodiments, R⁴ is an optionally substituted 5-6 memberedheteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.

In some embodiments, R³ and R⁴ are optionally taken together with theirintervening atoms to form an optionally substituted ring selected from a3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclicring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen,oxygen, or sulfur, or a 7-10 membered saturated or partially unsaturatedbicyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selectedfrom nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. In some embodiments, R³ and R⁴ areoptionally taken together with their intervening atoms to form anoptionally substituted ring selected from a 5-6 membered saturated orpartially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-2heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. Insome embodiments, R³ and R⁴ are optionally taken together with theirintervening atoms to form an optionally substituted ring selected frompyrrole or pyrazole.

In certain embodiments, X¹ is —CR⁵R⁶— and R⁵ and R⁶ are independentlyhydrogen, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, or substituted orunsubstituted C₁₋₄ alkyl. In some embodiments, R⁵ and R⁶ areindependently hydrogen, unsubstituted phenyl, or C₁₋₄ unsubstitutedalkyl. In some embodiments, R⁵ and R⁶ are hydrogen.

In some embodiments, R⁵ is R, halogen, —NO₂, —CN, —OR, —SR, —N(R)₂,—C(O)R, —CO₂R, —C(O)C(O)R, —C(O)CH₂C(O)R, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R, —C(O)N(R)₂,—SO₂N(R)₂, —OC(O)R, —N(R)C(O)R, —N(R)N(R)₂, —N(R)C(═NR)N(R)₂,—C(═NR)N(R)₂, —C═NOR, —N(R)C(O)N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂R, or—OC(O)N(R)₂. In some embodiments, R⁵ is hydrogen or optionallysubstituted C₁₋₆ aliphatic. In some embodiments, R⁵ is halogen, —CN, oroptionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkyl. In some embodiments, R⁵ is hydrogen.In other embodiments, R⁵ is optionally substituted C₁₋₄ alkyl. In someembodiments, R⁵ is trifluoromethyl. In some embodiments, R⁵ isoptionally substituted phenyl. In some embodiments, R⁵ is an optionallysubstituted 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated carbocyclicring. In some embodiments, R⁵ is an optionally substituted 3-7 memberedsaturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring having1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.In some embodiments, R⁵ is an optionally substituted 5-6 memberedheteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.

In some embodiments, R⁶ is R, halogen, —NO₂, —CN, —OR, —SR, —N(R)₂,—C(O)R, —CO₂R, —C(O)C(O)R, —C(O)CH₂C(O)R, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R, —C(O)N(R)₂,—SO₂N(R)₂, —OC(O)R, —N(R)C(O)R, —N(R)N(R)₂, —N(R)C(═NR)N(R)₂,—C(═NR)N(R)₂, —C═NOR, —N(R)C(O)N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂R, or—OC(O)N(R)₂. In some embodiments, R⁶ is hydrogen or optionallysubstituted C₁₋₆ aliphatic. In some embodiments, R⁶ is halogen, —CN, oroptionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkyl. In some embodiments, R⁶ is hydrogen.In other embodiments, R⁶ is optionally substituted C₁₋₄ alkyl. In someembodiments, R⁶ is trifluoromethyl. In some embodiments, R⁶ isoptionally substituted phenyl. In some embodiments, R⁶ is an optionallysubstituted 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated carbocyclicring. In some embodiments, R⁶ is an optionally substituted 3-7 memberedsaturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring having1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.In some embodiments, R⁶ is an optionally substituted 5-6 memberedheteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.

In some embodiments, R⁷ is R, —C(O)R, —CO₂R, —C(O)C(O)R, —C(O)CH₂C(O)R,—C(O)N(R)₂, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R, or —S(O)₂N(R)₂. In some embodiments, R⁷ ishydrogen or optionally substituted C₁₋₆ aliphatic. In some embodiments,R⁷ is hydrogen. In other embodiments, R⁷ is optionally substituted C₁₋₄alkyl. In some embodiments, R⁷ is optionally substituted phenyl. In someembodiments, R⁷ is an optionally substituted 3-7 membered saturated orpartially unsaturated carbocyclic ring. In some embodiments, R⁷ is anoptionally substituted 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturatedmonocyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independentlyselected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. In some embodiments, R⁷ is anoptionally substituted 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring having 1-3heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.

In some embodiments, R⁸ is R, halogen, —NO₂, —CN, —OR, —SR, —N(R)₂,—C(O)R, —CO₂R, —C(O)C(O)R, —C(O)CH₂C(O)R, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R, —C(O)N(R)₂,—SO₂N(R)₂, —OC(O)R, —N(R)C(O)R, —N(R)N(R)₂, —N(R)C(═NR)N(R)₂,—C(═NR)N(R)₂, —C═NOR, —N(R)C(O)N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂R, or—OC(O)N(R)₂. In some embodiments, R⁸ is hydrogen or optionallysubstituted C₁₋₆ aliphatic. In some embodiments, R⁸ is halogen, —CN, oroptionally substituted C₁₋₆ alkyl. In some embodiments, R⁸ is hydrogen.In other embodiments, R⁸ is optionally substituted C₁₋₄ alkyl. In someembodiments, R⁸ is optionally substituted phenyl. In some embodiments,R⁸ is an optionally substituted 3-7 membered saturated or partiallyunsaturated carbocyclic ring. In some embodiments, R⁸ is an optionallysubstituted 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclicheterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. In some embodiments, R⁸ is an optionallysubstituted 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatomsindependently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.

In certain embodiments, X¹ is —O—. In some embodiments, X¹ is —CR⁵R⁶—.In some embodiments, X¹ is —NR⁷—. In some embodiments, when y is 0, X¹is —CR⁵R⁶— or —NR⁷—. In some embodiments, when z is 0, X¹ is —CR⁵R⁶— or—NR⁷—. In some embodiments, when z is 0, X¹ is —CR⁵R⁶—. In someembodiments, when z is 1, X¹ is —CR⁵R⁶— or —NR⁷—.

In some embodiments, X² is ═CR⁸—. In other embodiments, X² is ═N—.

In certain embodiments, Ring A¹ is an optionally substituted bivalentring selected from phenylene, an 8-10 membered bicyclic arylene, a 5-6membered heteroarylene having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selectedfrom nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or an 8-10 membered bicyclicheteroarylene ring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. In some embodiments, Ring A¹ is anoptionally substituted bivalent ring selected from phenylene, a 3-8membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic carbocyclylene, a3-8 membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclicheterocyclylene having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, a 5-6 membered heteroarylene having 1-3heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.

In certain embodiments, Ring A¹ is an optionally substituted phenylene.In certain embodiments, Ring A¹ is an optionally substituted 3-7membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic carbocyclylene.In certain embodiments, Ring A¹ is an optionally substituted 7-10membered saturated or partially unsaturated bicyclic carbocyclylene. Incertain embodiments, Ring A¹ is an optionally substituted 3-7 memberedsaturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclylene having 1-2heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. Incertain embodiments, Ring A¹ is an optionally substituted 7-10 memberedsaturated or partially unsaturated bicyclic heterocyclylene having 1-3heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. Incertain embodiments, Ring A¹ is an optionally substituted 8-10 memberedbicyclic arylene. In certain embodiments, Ring A¹ is an optionallysubstituted 5-6 membered heteroarylene having 1-3 heteroatomsindependently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. In certainembodiments, Ring A¹ is an optionally substituted 8-10 membered bicyclicheteroarylene having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. In certain embodiments, Ring A¹ isunsubstituted phenylene. In some embodiments, Ring A¹ is unsubstitutedheteroarylene.

In some embodiments, Ring A¹ is:

In certain embodiments, Ring A¹ is of the formula:

and is optionally substituted, wherein:

-   -   T is an optionally substituted, bivalent C₁₋₅ saturated or        unsaturated, straight or branched, hydrocarbon chain, wherein        one, two, or three methylene units of T are optionally and        independently replaced by —C(R)₂—, —NR—, —N(R)C(O)—, —C(O)N(R)—,        —N(R)SO₂—, —SO₂N(R)—, —O—, —C(O)—, —OC(O)—, —C(O)O—, —S—, —SO—,        —SO₂—, —C(═S)—, —C(═NR)—, —N═N—, or —C(═N₂)—.

In certain embodiments, T is an optionally substituted, bivalent C₂₋₅saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched, hydrocarbon chain,wherein one or two methylene units of T are optionally and independentlyreplaced by —NR—, —O—, or —C(O)—. In certain embodiments, T is anoptionally substituted, bivalent C₂₋₄ saturated or unsaturated, straightor branched, hydrocarbon chain. In certain embodiments, T is anoptionally substituted, bivalent C₂₋₃ saturated or unsaturated, straightor branched, hydrocarbon chain.

In certain embodiments, two substituents are taken together with theirintervening atoms to form an optionally substituted ring selected fromphenyl, a 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocycliccarbocyclic ring, a 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturatedmonocyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independentlyselected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or a 5-6 membered heteroarylring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen,oxygen, or sulfur.

In certain embodiments, Ring A¹ is an optionally substituted group offormula:

wherein q is 0-4. In some embodiments, q is 0. In some embodiments, qis 1. In some embodiments, q is 2. In some embodiments, q is 3. In someembodiments, q is 4.

In some embodiments, Ring A² is an optionally substituted ring selectedfrom phenyl, an 8-10 membered bicyclic aryl ring, a 5-6 memberedheteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or an 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroarylring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen,oxygen, or sulfur. In some embodiments, Ring A² is bicyclic. In someembodiments, Ring A² is monocyclic. In some embodiments, Ring A² isoptionally substituted phenyl. In some embodiments, Ring A² is anoptionally substituted 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturatedmonocyclic carbocyclic ring. In some embodiments, Ring A² is anoptionally substituted 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturatedmonocyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independentlyselected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. In some embodiments, Ring A²is an optionally substituted 7-10 membered saturated or partiallyunsaturated bicyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-3 heteroatomsindependently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. In someembodiments, Ring A² is an optionally substituted 8-10 membered bicyclicaryl ring. In some embodiments, Ring A² is an optionally substituted 5-6membered heteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selectedfrom nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. In some embodiments, Ring A² is anoptionally substituted 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl ring having 1-4heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.

In some embodiments, Ring A² is a substituted phenyl moiety. In certainembodiments, Ring A² is a phenyl moiety substituted with one or moresubstituents independently selected from halogen, —NO₂, —CN, —OR, —SR,—N(R)₂, —C(O)R, —CO₂R, —C(O)C(O)R, —C(O)CH₂C(O)R, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R,—C(O)N(R)₂, —SO₂N(R)₂, —OC(O)R, —N(R)C(O)R, —N(R)N(R)₂,—N(R)C(═NR)N(R)₂, —C(═NR)N(R)₂, —C═NOR, —N(R)C(O)N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂N(R)₂,—N(R)SO₂R, —OC(O)N(R)₂, or an optionally substituted group selected fromC₁₋₁₂ aliphatic, phenyl, a 3-7 membered saturated or partiallyunsaturated monocyclic carbocyclic ring, a 7-10 membered saturated orpartially unsaturated bicyclic carbocyclic ring, a 3-7 memberedsaturated or partially unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 1-2heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, a7-10 membered saturated or partially unsaturated bicyclic heterocyclicring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen,oxygen, or sulfur, an 8-10 membered bicyclic aryl ring, a 5-6 memberedheteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or an 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroarylring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen,oxygen, or sulfur.

In certain embodiments, Ring A² is a phenyl moiety substituted with oneor more substituents independently selected from halogen, —CN, —CF₃,—OH, —OR, —NH₂, —NR₂, —COOH, —SR, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R, or an optionallysubstituted group selected from C₁₋₁₂ aliphatic, phenyl, a 3-7 memberedsaturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic carbocyclic ring, a 7-10membered saturated or partially unsaturated bicyclic carbocyclic ring, a3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated heterocyclic ring having1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur,a 7-10 membered saturated or partially unsaturated bicyclic heterocyclicring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen,oxygen, or sulfur, an 8-10 membered bicyclic aryl ring, a 5-6 memberedheteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or an 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroarylring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen,oxygen, or sulfur. In some embodiments, substituents on Ring A² areselected from halogen, —CN, —CF₃, —OH, —OR, —NH₂, —N(R)₂, —COOH, —SR,—S(O)R, —S(O)₂R, —S(O)N(R)₂, —S(O)₂N(R)₂, or C₁₋₆ aliphatic. In someembodiments, substituents on Ring A² are selected from R, halogen, —CN,—CF₃, —OH, —NH₂, —N(R)₂, —COOH, —SR, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R, —S(O)N(R)₂, or—S(O)₂N(R)₂.

In some embodiments, Ring A² is of the formula:

wherein R^(h) is F, Cl, Br, or I.

In some embodiments, the ortho carbons on Ring A² are independently R,halogen, —CN, —CF₃, —OH, —OR, —NH₂, —N(R)₂, or —COOH. In someembodiments, the ortho carbons on Ring A² are independently hydrogen,halogen, or optionally substituted C₁₋₆ aliphatic.

In some embodiments, an ortho carbon on Ring A² is substituted with anoptionally substituted 1-pyrrolidine moiety.

In some embodiments, when Ring A² is a phenyl moiety substituted withone or more —S(O)R or —S(O)₂R groups, R is —CF₃ or —NR₂,

In some embodiments, two substituents on Ring A² may be taken togetherwith their intervening atoms to form an optionally substituted ringselected from phenyl, a 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturatedmonocyclic carbocyclic ring, a 7-10 membered saturated or partiallyunsaturated bicyclic carbocyclic ring, a 3-7 membered saturated orpartially unsaturated heterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatomsindependently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, a 7-10 memberedsaturated or partially unsaturated bicyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-3heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, an8-10 membered bicyclic aryl ring, a 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring having1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur,or an 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroaryl ring having 1-4 heteroatomsindependently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.

In some embodiments, Ring A² is selected from:

In some embodiments, Ring A² is:

In certain embodiments, L is a covalent bond. In other embodiments, L isan optionally substituted, bivalent C₁₋₇ saturated or unsaturated,straight or branched, hydrocarbon chain, wherein one, two, or threemethylene units of L are optionally and independently replaced by -Cy-,—C(R)₂—, —NR—, —N(R)C(O)—, —C(O)N(R)—, —N(R)SO₂—, —SO₂N(R)—, —O—,—C(O)—, —OC(O)—, —C(O)O—, —S—, —SO—, —SO₂—, —C(═S)—, —C(═NR)—, —N═N—, or—C(═N₂)—. In some embodiments, at least one methylene unit of L isreplaced by —N(R)—. In some embodiments, L is an optionally substituted,bivalent C₁₋₄ saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched,hydrocarbon chain, wherein one, two, or three methylene units of L areoptionally and independently replaced by -Cy-, —C(R)₂—, —NR—,—N(R)C(O)—, —C(O)N(R)—, —N(R)SO₂—, —SO₂N(R)—, —O—, —C(O)—, —OC(O)—,—C(O)O—, —S—, —SO—, —SO₂—, —C(═S)—, —C(═NR)—, —N═N—, or —C(═N₂)—. Insome embodiments, L is an optionally substituted, bivalent C₁₋₄saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched, hydrocarbon chain,wherein one methylene unit of L is replaced by -Cy-, —C(R)₂—, —NR—,—N(R)C(O)—, —C(O)N(R)—, —N(R)SO₂—, —SO₂N(R)—, —O—, —C(O)—, —OC(O)—,—C(O)O—, —S—, —SO—, —SO₂—, —C(═S)—, —C(═NR)—, —N═N—, or —C(═N₂)—. Insome embodiments, L is an optionally substituted, bivalent C₁₋₄saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched, hydrocarbon chain,wherein two methylene units of L are independently replaced by -Cy-,—C(R)₂—, —NR—, —N(R)C(O)—, —C(O)N(R)—, —N(R)SO₂—, —SO₂N(R)—, —O—,—C(O)—, —OC(O)—, —C(O)O—, —S—, —SO—, —SO₂—, —C(═S)—, —C(═NR)—, —N═N—, or—C(═N₂)—.

In certain embodiments, L is an optionally substituted bivalent C₁₋₅saturated hydrocarbon chain, wherein one methylene unit of L is replacedby —C(O)— and one methylene unit of L is replaced by —N(R)—. In certainembodiments, L is an optionally substituted bivalent C₁₋₅ saturatedhydrocarbon chain, wherein one methylene unit of L is replaced by —C(O)—and one methylene unit of L is replaced by —N(R)—, wherein R ishydrogen. In certain embodiments, at least one methylene unit of L isreplaced by —O—.

In some embodiments, L is an optionally substituted, bivalent C₁₋₅saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched, hydrocarbon chain,wherein one, two, or three methylene units of L are independentlyreplaced by -Cy-, —CR₂—, —NR—, —N(R)C(O)—, —C(O)N(R)—, —N(R)SO₂—,—SO₂N(R)—, —O—, —C(O)—, —OC(O)—, —C(O)O—, —S—, —SO—, —SO₂—, —C(═S)—,—C(═NR)—, —N═N—, or —C(═N₂)—, and one methylene unit of L is replaced by—N(R)—, wherein R is hydrogen.

In some embodiments, L is —NH—C(O)—NH—, —NH—C(O)—, —NH—, or —NHSO₂—. Insome embodiments, L is —NH—C(O)—NH— or —NH—. In some embodiments, L is—NH—C(O)—NH—. In some embodiments, L is —NH—. In some embodiments, L is

wherein s and t are independently 0, 1, or 2, and the sum of s and t is0-4. In some embodiments, s is 0. In some embodiments, s is 1. In someembodiments, s is 2. In some embodiments, t is 0. In some embodiments, tis 1. In some embodiments, t is 2.

In some embodiments, at least one methylene unit of L is replaced by—C(R)₂—. In some embodiments, one methylene unit of L is replaced by—C(R)₂—, and each R is independently hydrogen or an optionallysubstituted group selected from C₁₋₆ aliphatic or 3-7 membered saturatedcarbocyclic. In some embodiments, one methylene unit of L is replaced by—C(R)₂—, and each R is hydrogen. In some embodiments, one methylene unitof L is replaced by —C(R)₂—, and each R is hydrogen or optionallysubstituted C₁₋₆ aliphatic. In some embodiments, one methylene unit of Lis replaced by —C(R)₂—, and each R is hydrogen or optionally substituted3-7 membered saturated carbocyclic. In some embodiments, one methyleneunit of L is replaced by —C(R)₂—, and each R is independently hydrogen,a substituted C₁₋₆ aliphatic, or a substituted 3-7 membered saturatedcarbocyclic ring, wherein a substituent on R is selected from —CF₃ or—OH.

In some embodiments, L is substituted with halogen, —CN, —CF₃, —OH,—C₁₋₆ alkoxy, NH₂, —N(C₁₋₆ aliphatic)₂, —COOH, C₁₋₆ aliphatic, phenyl, a3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated carbocyclic ring, a 3-7membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ringhaving 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, orsulfur, or a 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatomsindependently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. In someembodiments, L is substituted with halogen, —CN, —CF₃, —OH, R, —OR, NH₂,—N(R)₂, or —COOH. In some embodiments, L is substituted with a groupselected from —OH, —C₁₋₆ alkoxy, NH₂, or —N(R)₂, wherein R is C₁₋₆aliphatic. In certain embodiments, L is substituted with —OH or —NH₂.

In certain embodiments, L is

In certain embodiments, L is

In certain embodiments, L is

In some embodiments, one methylene unit of L is replaced by —C(R)₂—, andeach R is optionally substituted with one or more groups selected fromhalogen, —CN, —CF₃, —OH, —NH₂, —COOH, or R^(∘).

In some embodiments, one methylene unit of L is replaced by -Cy-.

In some embodiments, Cy is cycloalkylenyl. In certain embodiments, Cy isan optionally substituted phenylene. In certain embodiments, Cy is anoptionally substituted 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturatedcarbocyclylene. In certain embodiments, Cy is an optionally substituted3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclicheterocyclylene having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. In certain embodiments, Cy is an optionallysubstituted 5-6 membered heteroarylene having 1-3 heteroatomsindependently selected from nitrogen, oxygen. In some embodiments, Cy is

In certain embodiments, X² is ═N—. In some embodiments, providedcompounds are of formula I-a, I-a-i, or I-a-ii:

wherein each of R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, L, Ring A¹, Ring A², X¹, p,y, and z is as defined for formula I above and described in classes andsubclasses herein.

In certain embodiments, X² is ═CR⁸—. In some embodiments, providedcompounds are of formula I-b, I-b-i, or I-b-ii:

wherein each of R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, L, Ring A¹, Ring A², X¹,p, y, and z is as defined for formula I above and described in classesand subclasses herein.

In some embodiments, provided compounds are of formula I-c or I-d:

wherein each of R¹, R², R³, R⁴, L, Ring A¹, Ring A², X¹, X², p, y, and zis as defined for formula I above and described in classes andsubclasses herein.

In certain embodiments, y is 1, z is 2, and X is —O—, thereby providingcompounds of formula I-a-iii or I-b-iii:

wherein each of R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁸, L, Ring A¹, Ring A², and p is asdefined for formula I above and described in classes and subclassesherein.

In certain embodiments, y is 0 and z is 2. In some embodiments, providedcompounds are of formula I-a-iv, I-a-v, I-b-iv, or I-b-v:

wherein each of R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵, R⁶, R⁷, R⁸, L, Ring A¹, Ring A², andp is as defined for formula I above and described in classes andsubclasses herein.

In some embodiments, provided compounds include particular stereoisomersof formula II-a, II-b, II-c, II-d, III-a, III-b, III-c, or III-d:

wherein each of R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁸, X¹, L, Ring A¹, Ring A², z, y, and pis as defined for formula I above and described in classes andsubclasses herein.

In some embodiments, a Btk inhibitor is a racemic mixture or enriched inone or more stereoisomers. In some embodiments, a Btk inhibitor is acompound of Formula II-a. In some embodiments, a Btk inhibitor is acompound of Formula II-b. In some embodiments, a Btk inhibitor is acompound of Formula II-c. In some embodiments, a Btk inhibitor is acompound of Formula II-d. In some embodiments, a Btk inhibitor is acompound of Formula III-a. In some embodiments, a Btk inhibitor is acompound of Formula III-b. In some embodiments, a Btk inhibitor is acompound of Formula III-c. In some embodiments, a Btk inhibitor is acompound of Formula III-d.

As discussed above, in some embodiments, Ring A¹ is phenylene. In someembodiments, provided compounds are of formula IV-a or IV-b:

wherein each of R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁸, X¹, L, Ring A², z, y, and p is asdefined for formula I above and described in classes and subclassesherein.

In certain embodiments, R³ and R⁴ are optionally taken together withtheir intervening atoms to form an optionally substituted group selectedfrom a 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclicheterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or a 7-10 membered saturated or partiallyunsaturated bicyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-3 heteroatomsindependently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. In someembodiments, R³ and R⁴ are taken together with their intervening atomsto form a substituted or unsubstituted pyrrole or substituted orunsubstituted pyrazole. In some embodiments, provided compounds are offormula V-a, V-b, VI-a, or VI-b:

wherein each of R¹, R², R⁸, X¹, L, Ring A¹, Ring A², z, y, and p is asdefined for formula I above and described in classes and subclassesherein.

In certain embodiments, provided compounds are of formula VII:

wherein each of R¹, R³, R⁴, X¹, L, Ring A¹, Ring A², z, and p is asdefined for formula I above and described in classes and subclassesherein.

In certain embodiments, provided compounds are of formula VIII

wherein each of R¹, X¹, L, Ring A¹, Ring A², z, and p is as defined forformula I above and described in classes and subclasses herein.

In certain embodiments, provided compounds are of formula IX:

wherein each of L and Ring A² is as defined for formula I above anddescribed in classes and subclasses herein.

In certain embodiments, provided compounds are of formula X:

-   wherein each of R¹, R², R³, R⁴, X¹, L, Ring A², z, y, and p is as    defined for formula I above and described in classes and subclasses    herein, and-   T is an optionally substituted, bivalent C₁₋₅ saturated or    unsaturated, straight or branched, hydrocarbon chain, wherein one,    two, or three methylene units of T are optionally and independently    replaced by —C(R)₂—, —NR—, —N(R)C(O)—, —C(O)N(R)—, —N(R)SO₂—,    —SO₂N(R)—, —O—, —C(O)—, —OC(O)—, —C(O)O—, —S—, —SO—, —SO₂—, —C(═S)—,    —C(═NR)—, —N═N—, or —C(═N₂)—.

In certain embodiments, T is an optionally substituted, bivalent C₂₋₅saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched, hydrocarbon chain,wherein one or two methylene units of T are optionally and independentlyreplaced by —NR—, —O—, —C(O)—, —S—, —SO—, or —SO₂—. In certainembodiments, T is an optionally substituted, bivalent C₂₋₄ saturated orunsaturated, straight or branched, hydrocarbon chain. In certainembodiments, T is an optionally substituted, bivalent C₂₋₃ saturated orunsaturated, straight or branched, hydrocarbon chain. In certainembodiments, T is a bivalent C₄ saturated straight hydrocarbon chain. Incertain embodiments, T is a bivalent C₄ unsaturated straight hydrocarbonchain comprising one or two double bonds. In certain embodiments, T is abivalent C₄ saturated straight hydrocarbon chain optionally substitutedwith one or more hydroxyl groups.

In certain embodiments, provided compounds are of formula XI:

wherein each of R¹, R², R³, R⁴, X¹, L, Ring A², z, y, and p is asdefined for formula I above and described in classes and subclassesherein, and q is 0-4.

In certain embodiments, provided compounds are of formula XI-a:

wherein each of R¹, R², R³, R⁴, Ring A², and p is as defined for formulaI above and described in classes and subclasses herein, and q is 0-4.

In some embodiments, q is 0. In some embodiments, q is 1. In someembodiments, q is 2. In some embodiments, q is 3. In some embodiments, qis 4.

In certain embodiments, a compound of formula I is a compound of formulaXI wherein X¹ is —O— or —CH₂—, y is 1, z is 1 or 2, p is 0 or 1, q is 1,2, or 3, L is —NH—, R¹ is hydrogen, halogen, optionally substituted C₁₋₃aliphatic, or hydroxyl, R² is hydrogen, R³ is halogen, R⁴ is hydrogen oroptionally substituted C₁₋₆ aliphatic, and Ring A² is substitutedphenyl. In certain embodiments, a compound of formula I is a compound offormula XI wherein X¹ is —O— or —CH₂—, y is 1, z is 1 or 2, p is 0 or 1,q is 1, 2, or 3, L is —NH—, R¹ is hydrogen, halogen, optionallysubstituted C₁₋₃ aliphatic, or hydroxyl, R² is hydrogen, Ring A² issubstituted phenyl, and R³ and R⁴ are taken together to form anoptionally substituted fused pyrrole or pyrazole ring.

In certain embodiments, a compound of formula I is a compound of formulaXI-a wherein p is 0 or 1, q is 1, 2, or 3, L is —NH—, R¹ is hydrogen,halogen, optionally substituted C₁₋₃ aliphatic, or hydroxyl, R² ishydrogen, R³ is halogen, R⁴ is hydrogen or optionally substituted C₁₋₆aliphatic, and Ring A² is substituted phenyl. In certain embodiments, acompound of formula I is a compound of formula XI-a wherein p is 0 or 1,q is 1, 2, or 3, L is —NH—, R¹ is hydrogen, halogen, optionallysubstituted C₁₋₃ aliphatic, or hydroxyl, R² is hydrogen, Ring A² issubstituted phenyl, and R³ and R⁴ are taken together to form anoptionally substituted fused pyrrole or pyrazole ring.

In certain embodiments, provided compounds are of formula XII:

-   wherein each of R¹, R², R³, R⁴, X², Ring A¹, Ring A², and p is as    defined for formula I above and described in classes and subclasses    herein;-   L¹ is a covalent bond or an optionally substituted, bivalent C₁₋₆    saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched, hydrocarbon chain,    wherein one or two methylene units of L¹ are independently replaced    by -Cy-, —CR₂—, —NR—, —N(R)C(O)—, —C(O)N(R)—, —N(R)SO₂—, —SO₂N(R)—,    —O—, —C(O)—, —OC(O)—, —C(O)O—, —S—, —SO—, —SO₂—, —C(═S)—, —C(═NR)—,    —N═N—, or —C(═N₂)—; and-   X² is —NR⁷— or —O—.

In some embodiments, a provided compound is a compound depicted in Table1, below, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Exemplary Syntheses

Compounds of the invention are synthesized by an appropriate combinationof generally well known synthetic methods. Techniques useful insynthesizing the compounds of the invention are both readily apparentand accessible to those of skill in the relevant art. The discussionbelow is offered to illustrate certain of the diverse methods availablefor use in assembling the compounds of the invention. However, thediscussion is not intended to define the scope of reactions or reactionsequences that are useful in preparing the compounds of the presentinvention.

Compounds of formula (I) can be prepared according to Scheme A utilizinga wide variety of synthetic approaches such as Route I whereinsubstituted pyridine moieties can undergo palladium-catalyzed arylationor alkenylation with alkyl bromobenzoate or triflates or alkylheterocyclic carboxylate or triflate to afford compounds with structuressimilar to those represented by A.2 (Li, J. J.; Gribble, G. W. InPalladium in Heterocyclic Chemistry; Pergamom: Amsterdam, 2000; Vol. 20.Junfeng, H.; Orac, C. M.; McKay, S.; McKay, D. B.; Bermeier, S. CBioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 2008, 16, 3816. Nakamura, H.; Onagi,S.; Kamakura, T. J. Org. Chem., 2005, 70, 2357. Hartner, F. W.; Hsiao,Y.; Eng, K. K.; Rivera, N. R.; Palucki, M.; Tan, L.; Yasuda, N.; Hughes,D. L.; Weissman, S.; Zewge, D.; King, T.; Tschaen, D.; Volante, R. P. J.Org. Chem., 2004, 69, 8723). The corresponding substituted biaryl oralkyl pyridines A.2 can be reduced to afford the substituted heterocyclevia catalytic hydrogenation using palladium on carbon or by othermethods familiar to those skilled in the art and subsequently beprotected with the appropriate protecting group to give compounds ofstructure A.3.

Alternatively compounds of formula (I) can be synthesized utilizingroute II by reacting commercially available substitutedpyrrolidin-3-ones, piperidin-3-ones or azepa-3-ones with lithiumdiisopropyl amine (LDA) or by other bases familiar to one skilled in theart and trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride in a solvent such as THF oranother appropriate non-hydroxylic solvent to yield the vinyl triflateA.5. Compounds which structure similar to those represented by A.5 canundergo palladium-catalyzed arylation with alkyl bromobenzoate or alkylheterocyclic carboxylate to yield compounds with structures similar tothose represented by A.6. The substituted unsaturated heterocycle maybereduced to afford the substituted heterocycles A.3 via catalytichydrogenation or by other methods familiar to those skilled in the art.

Another method for the preparation of compounds of formula (I) isillustrated in route III were by commercially available substitutedheterocycles such as pyrrolidine carboxylic acid, piperidine carboxylicacid or azepane carboxylic acid can be subjected to various keytransformations to facilitate the formation of substitutedheteroaromatic moieties A.3. (Saunders, J. C. et. al. J. Med. Chem.1990, 33, 1128. Alanine, A. et. al. Bioorganic & Medicinal ChemistryLetters 2004, 14, 817. Wyatt, P G. et. al. Bioorganic & MedicinalChemistry Letters 2002, 12, 1399. Gong, P. et. al. J. Med. Chem. 2007,50, 3686). The alkyl ester can be hydrolyzed to the carboxylic acid andsubjected to the Curtius rearrangement (Scriven, E. F.; Turnbull, K.;Chem. Rev. 1988, 88, 297; Brase, S.; Gil, C.; Knepper, K.; Zimmermann,V. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005, 44, 5188) to afford the primary amineA.8. The amine A.8 can be reacted with the appropriate electrophile(Chong, P. Y.; Janicki, S. Z.; Petillo, P. A. Journal of OrganicChemistry 1998, 63, 8515) in the presence of an organic base such asDIEA or other bases familiar to one skilled in the art and in a solventsuch as DMF or another appropriate solvent to yield I-c. Alternatively,an amine A.9. can be reacted with chloroformate or chlorothioformate oro-, p-nitrophenylchloroformate or phenylchloroformate (or theirthiocarbonyl equivalents), followed by displacement with an amine toyield the corresponding urea or thiourea. The protecting group on theheterocyclic amine can be removed using the appropriate conditions toafford A.10 which can be alkylated using the corresponding substitutedpyridyl or pyrimidyl moieties using conditions such as DIEA or otherbases familiar to one skilled in the art and in a solvent such as DMF oranother appropriate solvents to yield I-c. Alternatively, the Nalkylation of A.10 can be also accomplished utilizing Buchwald coupling(Shafir, A. Buchwald, S. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 8742. Mehrotra,M. M. et. al. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2002, 12, 1103)to afford compounds of formula (I-c).

The groups “Lg”, “Lg¹”, and “Lg²” in Schemes A, B, and C are suitableleaving groups, i.e., groups that are subject to nucleophilicdisplacement. A “suitable leaving group” is a chemical group that isreadily displaced by a desired incoming chemical moiety such as anamine. Suitable leaving groups are well known in the art, e.g., see,“Advanced Organic Chemistry,” Jerry March, 5^(th) Ed., pp. 351-357, JohnWiley and Sons, N.Y. Such leaving groups include, but are not limitedto, halogen, alkoxy, sulphonyloxy, optionally substitutedalkylsulphonyloxy, optionally substituted alkenylsulfonyloxy, optionallysubstituted arylsulfonyloxy, acyl, and diazonium moieties. Examples ofsuitable leaving groups include chloro, iodo, bromo, fluoro, acetoxy,methoxy, methanesulfonyloxy (mesyloxy), tosyloxy, triflyloxy,nitro-phenylsulfonyloxy (nosyloxy), and bromo-phenylsulfonyloxy(brosyloxy).

The group “Pg” in Schemes A, B, and C is a suitable protecting group, asdefined above and described herein. One of ordinary skill will befamiliar with a variety of protecting group and protecting groupstrategies that many be employed in the Schemes depicted below.

Alternatively, compounds of formula (I) can be prepared according toScheme B below utilizing commercially available substituted ethanolamineas shown in route I. The alkyl hydroylamine B.1 can undergo ring openingwhen treated with substituted oxirane B.2 (Gilbert, E. J.; Miller, Mi.W.; Scott, J. D.; Stamford, A. W.; Greenlee, Wi. J.; Weinstein, J. WO2006060461) to afford the diol intermediate which can be subsequentlyconverted to dihalide B.3 upon treatment with thionyl chloride orsimilar regents. These transformations generate activated leaving groupsthat can facilitate cyclization to form a substituted heterocycle B.4aupon treatment with the appropriate substituted primary amine (Pflum, D.A.; Krishnamurthy, D; Han, Z; Wald, S. A.; Senanayake, C H. TetrahedronLetters 2002, 43, 923. Melgar-Fernandez, R.; Gonzalez-Olvera, R.;Olivares-Romero, J. L.; Gonzalez-Lopez, V.; Romero-Ponce, L.;Ramirez-Zarate, M.; Demare, P.; Regla, I.; Juaristi, E. European Journalof Organic Chemistry 2008, 4, 655).

Alternatively, substituted heterocyle B.4 can be formed upon treatmentof substituted oxirane B.2 with a nucleophile amine moiety as shown inroute II. The resulting substituted ethanolamine can be acylated with asubstituted alpha haloacetyl chloride to give the acyclic amide whichcan be cyclized using procedures familiar to those skilled in the art toform the substituted morpholin-3-one which can reduced to form thesubstituted heterocycle B.4b (Penso, M; Lupi, V.; Albanese, Domenico;Foschi, F.; Landini, D.; Tagliabue, A. Synlett 2008, 16, 2451, Okuyama,M.; Uehara, F.; Iwamura, H.; Watanabe, K. WO 2007011065. Watanabe, K.;Fukunaga, K.; Kohara, T.; Uehara, F.; Hiki, S.; Yokoshima, S. WO2006028290).

Compounds with structure represented by B.4a and B.4b can be hydrolyzedto the carboxylic acid and subjected to Curtius rearrangements (Scriven,E. F.; Turnbull, K.; Chem. Rev. 1988, 88, 297; Brase, S.; Gil, C.;Knepper, K.; Zimmermann, V. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005, 44, 5188) toafford primary amine B.9. Amine B.9 may be reacted with the appropriateelectrophile (Chong, P. Y.; Janicki, S. Z.; Petillo, P. A. Journal ofOrganic Chemistry 1998, 63, 8515) in the presence of an organic basesuch as DIEA or other bases familiar to one skilled in the art and in asolvent such as DMF or another appropriate solvent to yield B.10.Alternatively, amine B.9 can be reacted with chloroformate orchlorothioformate or o-, p-nitrophenylchloroformate orphenylchloroformate (or their thiocarbonyl equivalents), followed bydisplacement with an amine also yields the corresponding urea orthiourea. The protecting group on the heterocycle can be removed usingthe appropriate conditions to afford B.11 which can be alkylated usingthe corresponding substituted pyridyl or pyrimidyl moieties usingconditions such as DIEA or by other bases familiar to one skilled in theart and in a solvent such as DMF or another appropriate solvents toyield compounds of formula (XII). Alternatively, the N alkylationcoupling can be also accomplished utilizing Buchwald coupling (Shafir,A. Buchwald, S. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 8742. Mehrotra, M. M.et. al. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2002, 12, 1103) toafford compounds of formula (XII).

As used in Scheme B, L¹ is a covalent bond or an optionally substituted,bivalent C₁₋₆ saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched,hydrocarbon chain, wherein one or two methylene units of L¹ areindependently replaced by -Cy-, —CR₂—, —NR—, —N(R)C(O)—, —C(O)N(R)—,—N(R)SO₂—, —SO₂N(R)—, —O—, —C(O)—, —OC(O)—, —C(O)O—, —S—, —SO—, —SO₂—,—C(═S)—, —C(═NR)—, —N═N—, or —C(═N₂)—.

Compounds of formula (I) can also be prepared according to Scheme Cusing commercially available substituted heterocycles such aspyrrolidine carboxylic acid, piperidine carboxylic acid or azepanecarboxylic acid. The appropriately protected heterocyclic carboxylicacids C.1 can be converted to amine C.2 via the Curtius rearrangement(Scriven, E. F.; Turnbull, K.; Chem. Rev. 1988, 88, 297; Brase, S.; Gil,C.; Knepper, K.; Zimmermann, V. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005, 44, 5188).Amine C.2 can undergo cyclization to form the lactam via condensationwith the appropriate acid halide, followed by displacement of a leavinggroup utilizing procedures known to those skilled in the art. The lactamcan be substituted in the alpha position with an appropriate leavinggroup upon treatment with a base such as LDA or other bases familiar toone skilled in the art and in a solvent such as THF or anotherappropriate solvent to give C.3 (Baens, N. P. et. Al. Tetrahedron 1993,49, 3193). Lactam C.3 can be converted to the corresponding alpha aminolactam via nucleophilic displacement utilizing procedures familiar tothose skilled in the art. The protected heterocycle C.4 can bedeprotected to the amine and reacted with the corresponding substitutedpyridyl or pyrimidyl moieties using DIEA or by other bases familiar toone skilled in the art and in a solvent such as DMF or anotherappropriate solvents to yield compounds of formula (I-d). Alternatively,the N alkylation can also be accomplished utilizing Buchwald coupling(Shafir, A. Buchwald, S. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 8742. Mehrotra,M. M. et. al. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2002, 12, 1103)to afford compounds of formula (I-d).

In certain embodiments, each of the aforementioned synthetic steps ofSchemes A-C may be performed sequentially with isolation of eachintermediate performed after each step. Alternatively, each of the stepsas depicted in Schemes A-C above, may be performed in a manner wherebyno isolation of each intermediate is performed. Furthermore, it will bereadily apparent to the skilled artisan that additional steps may beperformed to accomplish particular protection group and/or deprotectionstrategies.

Methods of Use

In certain embodiments, compounds of the present invention are for usein medicine. In some embodiments, compounds of the present invention areuseful as kinase inhibitors. In certain embodiments, compounds of thepresent invention are selective inhibitors of Btk. In some embodiments,the present invention provides methods of decreasing Btk enzymaticactivity. Such methods include contacting a Btk with an effective amountof a Btk inhibitor. Therefore, the present invention further providesmethods of inhibiting Btk enzymatic activity by contacting a Btk with aBtk inhibitor of the present invention.

Btk enzymatic activity, as used herein, refers to Btk kinase enzymaticactivity. For example, where Btk enzymatic activity is decreased, PIP3binding and/or phosphorylation of PLCγ is decreased. In someembodiments, the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of the Btkinhibitor against Btk is less than 1 μM. In some embodiments, the IC₅₀of the Btk inhibitor against Btk is less than 500 nM. In someembodiments, the IC₅₀ of the Btk inhibitor against Btk is less than 100nM. In some embodiments, the IC₅₀ of the Btk inhibitor against Btk isless than 10 nM. In some embodiments, the IC₅₀ of the Btk inhibitoragainst Btk is less than 1 nM. In some embodiments, the IC₅₀ of the Btkinhibitor against Btk is from 0.1 nM to 10 μM. In some embodiments, theIC₅₀ of the Btk inhibitor against Btk is from 0.1 nM to 1 μM. In someembodiments, the IC₅₀ of the Btk inhibitor against Btk is from 0.1 nM to100 nM. In some embodiments, the IC₅₀ of the Btk inhibitor against Btkis from 0.1 nM to 10 nM.

In some embodiments, Btk inhibitors are useful for the treatment ofdiseases and disorders that may be alleviated by inhibiting (i.e.,decreasing) Btk enzymatic activity. By “diseases” is meant diseases ordisease symptoms. Thus, the present invention provides methods oftreating autoimmune disorders, inflammatory disorders, and cancers in asubject in need thereof. Such methods include administering to thesubject a therapeutically effective amount of a Btk inhibitor. The term“autoimmune disorders” includes diseases or disorders involvinginappropriate immune response against native antigens, such as acutedisseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), Addison's disease, alopeciaareata, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS), autoimmune hemolyticanemia, autoimmune hepatitis, bullous pemphigoid (BP), Coeliac disease,dermatomyositis, diabetes mellitus type 1, Goodpasture's syndrome,Graves' disease, Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), Hashimoto's disease,idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, lupus erythematosus, mixedconnective tissue disease, multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis,pemphigus vulgaris, pernicious anaemia, polymyositis, primary biliarycirrhosis, Sjögren's syndrome, temporal arteritis, and Wegener'sgranulomatosis. The term “inflammatory disorders” includes diseases ordisorders involving acute or chronic inflammation such as allergies,asthma, prostatitis, glomerulonephritis, pelvic inflammatory disease(PID), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD, e.g., Crohn's disease,ulcerative colitis), reperfusion injury, rheumatoid arthritis,transplant rejection, and vasculitis. In one embodiment, the presentinvention provides a method of treating rheumatoid arthritis or lupus.The term “cancer” includes diseases or disorders involving abnormal cellgrowth and/or proliferation, such as glioma, thyroid carcinoma, breastcarcinoma, lung cancer (e.g. small-cell lung carcinoma, non-small-celllung carcinoma), gastric carcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors,pancreatic carcinoma, bile duct carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma,endometrial carcinoma, prostate carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma,lymphoma (e.g., anaplastic large-cell lymphoma), leukemia (e.g. acutemyeloid leukemia, T-cell leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia),multiple myeloma, malignant mesothelioma, malignant melanoma, and coloncancer (e.g. microsatellite instability-high colorectal cancer). In someembodiments, the present invention provides a method of treatingleukemia or lymphoma.

The term “subject,” as used herein, refers to a mammal to whom apharmaceutical composition is administered. Exemplary subjects includehumans, as well as veterinary and laboratory animals such as horses,pigs, cattle, dogs, cats, rabbits, rats, mice, and aquatic mammals.

Assays

To develop useful Btk inhibitors, candidate inhibitors capable ofdecreasing Btk enzymatic activity may be identified in vitro. Theactivity of the inhibitor compounds can be assayed utilizing methodsknown in the art and/or those methods presented herein.

Compounds that decrease Btk enzymatic activity may be identified andtested using biologically active Btk, either recombinant or naturallyoccurring. Btk can be found in native cells, isolated in vitro, orco-expressed or expressed in a cell. Measuring the reduction in the Btkenzymatic activity in the presence of an inhibitor relative to theactivity in the absence of the inhibitor may be performed using avariety of methods known in the art, such as the BTK-POLYGAT-LS ASSAYdescribed below in the Examples. Other methods for assaying the activityof Btk are known in the art. The selection of appropriate assay methodsis well within the capabilities of those of skill in the art.

Once compounds are identified that are capable of reducing Btk enzymaticactivity, the compounds may be further tested for their ability toselectively inhibit Btk relative to other enzymes. Inhibition by acompound of the invention is measured using standard in vitro or in vivoassays such as those well known in the art or as otherwise describedherein.

Compounds may be further tested in cell models or animal models fortheir ability to cause a detectable changes in phenotype related to Btkactivity. In addition to cell cultures, animal models may be used totest Btk inhibitors for their ability to treat autoimmune disorders,inflammatory disorders, or cancer in an animal model.

Pharmaceutical Compositions

In another aspect, the present invention provides pharmaceuticalcompositions comprising a Btk inhibitor compound of the invention or aBtk inhibitor compound in combination with a pharmaceutically acceptableexcipient (e.g., carrier).

The pharmaceutical compositions include optical isomers, diastereomers,or pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the inhibitors disclosed herein.For example, in some embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositionsinclude a compound of the present invention and citrate as apharmaceutically acceptable salt. The Btk inhibitor included in thepharmaceutical composition may be covalently attached to a carriermoiety, as described above. Alternatively, the Btk inhibitor included inthe pharmaceutical composition is not covalently linked to a carriermoiety.

A “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier,” as used herein refers topharmaceutical excipients, for example, pharmaceutically,physiologically, acceptable organic or inorganic carrier substancessuitable for enteral or parenteral application that do not deleteriouslyreact with the active agent. Suitable pharmaceutically acceptablecarriers include water, salt solutions (such as Ringer's solution),alcohols, oils, gelatins, and carbohydrates such as lactose, amylose orstarch, fatty acid esters, hydroxymethylcellulose, and polyvinylpyrrolidine. Such preparations can be sterilized and, if desired, mixedwith auxiliary agents such as lubricants, preservatives, stabilizers,wetting agents, emulsifiers, salts for influencing osmotic pressure,buffers, coloring, and/or aromatic substances and the like that do notdeleteriously react with the compounds of the invention.

The compounds of the invention can be administered alone or can becoadministered to the subject. Coadministration is meant to includesimultaneous or sequential administration of the compounds individuallyor in combination (more than one compound). The preparations can also becombined, when desired, with other active substances (e.g. to reducemetabolic degradation).

Formulations

Compounds of the present invention can be prepared and administered in awide variety of oral, parenteral, and topical dosage forms. Thus, thecompounds of the present invention can be administered by injection(e.g. intravenously, intramuscularly, intracutaneously, subcutaneously,intraduodenally, or intraperitoneally). Also, the compounds describedherein can be administered by inhalation, for example, intranasally.Additionally, the compounds of the present invention can be administeredtransdermally. It is also envisioned that multiple routes ofadministration (e.g., intramuscular, oral, transdermal) can be used toadminister the compounds of the invention. Accordingly, the presentinvention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising apharmaceutically acceptable carrier or excipient and one or morecompounds of the invention.

For preparing pharmaceutical compositions from the compounds of thepresent invention, pharmaceutically acceptable carriers can be eithersolid or liquid. Solid form preparations include powders, tablets,pills, capsules, cachets, suppositories, and dispersible granules. Asolid carrier can be one or more substances that may also act asdiluents, flavoring agents, binders, preservatives, tabletdisintegrating agents, or an encapsulating material.

In powders, the carrier is a finely divided solid in a mixture with thefinely divided active component. In tablets, the active component ismixed with the carrier having the necessary binding properties insuitable proportions and compacted in the shape and size desired.

The powders and tablets preferably contain from 5% to 70% of the activecompound. Suitable carriers are magnesium carbonate, magnesium stearate,talc, sugar, lactose, pectin, dextrin, starch, gelatin, tragacanth,methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, a low melting wax, cocoabutter, and the like. The term “preparation” is intended to include theformulation of the active compound with encapsulating material as acarrier providing a capsule in which the active component with orwithout other carriers, is surrounded by a carrier, which is thus inassociation with it. Similarly, cachets and lozenges are included.Tablets, powders, capsules, pills, cachets, and lozenges can be used assolid dosage forms suitable for oral administration.

For preparing suppositories, a low melting wax, such as a mixture offatty acid glycerides or cocoa butter, is first melted and the activecomponent is dispersed homogeneously therein, as by stirring. The moltenhomogeneous mixture is then poured into convenient sized molds, allowedto cool, and thereby to solidify.

Liquid form preparations include solutions, suspensions, and emulsions,for example, water or water/propylene glycol solutions. For parenteralinjection, liquid preparations can be formulated in solution in aqueouspolyethylene glycol solution.

When parenteral application is needed or desired, particularly suitableadmixtures for the compounds of the invention are injectable, sterilesolutions, preferably oily or aqueous solutions, as well as suspensions,emulsions, or implants, including suppositories. In particular, carriersfor parenteral administration include aqueous solutions of dextrose,saline, pure water, ethanol, glycerol, propylene glycol, peanut oil,sesame oil, polyoxyethylene-block polymers, and the like. Ampoules areconvenient unit dosages. The compounds of the invention can also beincorporated into liposomes or administered via transdermal pumps orpatches. Pharmaceutical admixtures suitable for use in the presentinvention include those described, for example, in PharmaceuticalSciences (17th Ed., Mack Pub. Co., Easton, Pa.) and WO 96/05309, theteachings of both of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

Aqueous solutions suitable for oral use can be prepared by dissolvingthe active component in water and adding suitable colorants, flavors,stabilizers, and thickening agents as desired. Aqueous suspensionssuitable for oral use can be made by dispersing the finely dividedactive component in water with viscous material, such as natural orsynthetic gums, resins, methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose,and other well-known suspending agents.

Also included are solid form preparations that are intended to beconverted, shortly before use, to liquid form preparations for oraladministration. Such liquid forms include solutions, suspensions, andemulsions. These preparations may contain, in addition to the activecomponent, colorants, flavors, stabilizers, buffers, artificial andnatural sweeteners, dispersants, thickeners, solubilizing agents, andthe like.

The pharmaceutical preparation is preferably in unit dosage form. Insuch form the preparation is subdivided into unit doses containingappropriate quantities of the active component. The unit dosage form canbe a packaged preparation, the package containing discrete quantities ofpreparation, such as packeted tablets, capsules, and powders in vials orampoules. Also, the unit dosage form can be a capsule, tablet, cachet,or lozenge itself, or it can be the appropriate number of any of thesein packaged form.

The quantity of active component in a unit dose preparation may bevaried or adjusted from 0.1 mg to 10000 mg, more typically 1.0 mg to1000 mg, most typically 10 mg to 500 mg, according to the particularapplication and the potency of the active component. The compositioncan, if desired, also contain other compatible therapeutic agents.

Some compounds may have limited solubility in water and therefore mayrequire a surfactant or other appropriate co-solvent in the composition.Such co-solvents include: Polysorbate 20, 60, and 80; Pluronic F-68,F-84, and P-103; cyclodextrin; and polyoxyl 35 castor oil. Suchco-solvents are typically employed at a level between about 0.01% andabout 2% by weight.

Viscosity greater than that of simple aqueous solutions may be desirableto decrease variability in dispensing the formulations, to decreasephysical separation of components of a suspension or emulsion offormulation, and/or otherwise to improve the formulation. Such viscositybuilding agents include, for example, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, methyl cellulose, hydroxy propyl methylcellulose,hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxy propylcellulose, chondroitin sulfate and salts thereof, hyaluronic acid andsalts thereof, and combinations of the foregoing. Such agents aretypically employed at a level between about 0.01% and about 2% byweight.

The compositions of the present invention may additionally includecomponents to provide sustained release and/or comfort. Such componentsinclude high molecular weight, anionic mucomimetic polymers, gellingpolysaccharides, and finely-divided drug carrier substrates. Thesecomponents are discussed in greater detail in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,911,920;5,403,841; 5,212,162; and 4,861,760. The entire contents of thesepatents are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety for allpurposes.

Effective Dosages

Pharmaceutical compositions provided by the present invention includecompositions wherein the active ingredient is contained in atherapeutically effective amount, i.e., in an amount effective toachieve its intended purpose. The actual amount effective for aparticular application will depend, inter alia, on the condition beingtreated. For example, when administered in methods to treat cancer, suchcompositions will contain an amount of active ingredient effective toachieve the desired result (e.g. decreasing the number of cancer cellsin a subject).

The dosage and frequency (single or multiple doses) of compoundadministered can vary depending upon a variety of factors, includingroute of administration; size, age, sex, health, body weight, body massindex, and diet of the recipient; nature and extent of symptoms of thedisease being treated (e.g., the disease responsive to Btk inhibition);presence of other diseases or other health-related problems; kind ofconcurrent treatment; and complications from any disease or treatmentregimen. Other therapeutic regimens or agents can be used in conjunctionwith the methods and compounds of the invention.

For any compound described herein, the therapeutically effective amountcan be initially determined from cell culture assays. Targetconcentrations will be those concentrations of active compound(s) thatare capable of decreasing Btk enzymatic activity as measured, forexample, using the methods described.

Therapeutically effective amounts for use in humans may be determinedfrom animal models. For example, a dose for humans can be formulated toachieve a concentration that has been found to be effective in animals.The dosage in humans can be adjusted by monitoring Btk inhibition andadjusting the dosage upwards or downwards, as described above.

Dosages may be varied depending upon the requirements of the patient andthe compound being employed. The dose administered to a patient, in thecontext of the present invention, should be sufficient to effect abeneficial therapeutic response in the patient over time. The size ofthe dose also will be determined by the existence, nature, and extent ofany adverse side effects. Generally, treatment is initiated with smallerdosages, which are less than the optimum dose of the compound.Thereafter, the dosage is increased by small increments until theoptimum effect under circumstances is reached. In some embodiments, thedosage range is 0.001% to 10% w/v. In some embodiments, the dosage rangeis 0.1% to 5% w/v.

Dosage amounts and intervals can be adjusted individually to providelevels of the administered compound effective for the particularclinical indication being treated. This will provide a therapeuticregimen that is commensurate with the severity of the individual'sdisease state.

EXAMPLES

The examples below are meant to illustrate certain embodiments of theinvention, and not to limit the scope of the invention. Abbreviations:AcCN=acetonitrile; BuOH=butanol; DCM=dichloromethane; DIEA,DIPEA=N,N-diisopropylethylamine; DMA=N,N-dimethylacetamide;DMAP=N,N-dimethylaminopyridine; DMF=N,N-dimethylformamide;DMSO=dimethylsulfoxide;EDC=N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride;EtOAc=Ethyl Acetate; HOBt=1-hydroxybenzotriazole; HPLC=high pressureliquid chromatography; MS=mass-spectrometry;MsCl=methanesulfonylchloride; NMR=nuclear magnetic resonance;TFA=trifluoroacetic acid; THF=tetrahydrofuran; RT=room temperature;LC/MS=liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy; NCS=N-chlorosuccinimde;TMSI=trimethylsilylimidazole; NMM=N-methylmaleimide;IBCF=isobutylchloroformate; LDA=lithium diisopropylamide; Tf=triflate(trifluoromethanesulfonate); CDI=carbonyldiimidazole;DPPA=diphenylphosphoryl azide;HATU=2-(7-Aza-1H-benzotriazole-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluroniumhexafluorophosphate; DME=dimethyl ether; Boc=tert-butoxycarbonyl;NBS=N-bromosuccinimide; EDCI=1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide; dppf=1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene.

It will be appreciated that for compound preparations described herein,when reverse phase HPLC is used to purify a compound, a compound mayexist as a mono-, di-, or tri-trifluroacetic acid salt.

Starting materials for syntheses described herein, for example withoutlimitation the following compounds, are commercially available or can besynthesized by methods known in the art and/or described herein.

Example 1

Synthetic routes are available to afford compounds of the type ofcompound 1.3, useful as reagents in the synthesis described herein. Forexample, exemplary Scheme 1 employs benzyloxycarbonylamino formationfollowed by hydrogenation to afford the amine.

Cmpd 1.2 (tert-butyl3-(3-(benzyloxycarbonylamino)phenyl)piperidine-1-carboxylate). A mixtureof compound 1.1 (65 mmol), benzyl alcohol (130 mmol), DPPA (97.5 mmol),and Et₃N (97.5 mmol) in PhCH₃ (900 mL) was stirred at 80° C. overnight,and then the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue wasdiluted with EtOAc (500 mL) and washed with sat. aq. NaHCO₃, sat. aq.NH₄Cl, and brine, respectively. The organic layer was separated, dried(Na₂SO₄) and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by columnchromatography to give compound 1.2 in excellent yield.

Cmpd 1.3 (tert-butyl 3-(3-aminophenyl)piperidine-1-carboxylate). Amixture of compound 1.2 (12.5 mmol) and 10% Pd/C (500 mg) in MeOH (100mL) was stirred at RT under an atmosphere of H₂. After stirring at RTfor 2 h, the reaction mixture was filtered through Celite®545. Thefiltrate was concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was purified bycolumn chromatography to give compound 1.3 in excellent yield.

Example 2

Scheme 2 shows an exemplary synthesis of urea compounds exemplified bycompound 2.3.

wherein R^(z) is Ring A² as defined above and described in classes andsubclasses herein.

Cmpd 2.1

A mixture of compound 1.1 (0.25 mmol), for anilines (0.5 mmol) or foralkyl amines (0.25 mmol) of amine R^(z)—NH₂, DPPA (0.375 mmol) and DIEA(0.5 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) may be stirred at 100° C. for 1 h.Subsequently, the reaction mixture may be concentrated in vacuo and theresidue purified by preparative TLC to give compound 2.1 in good yield.

Cmpd 2.1 Synthesis Via Isocyanate

A mixture of compound 1.3 (0.25 mmol), DIEA (0.25 mmol), and R^(z)—N═C═O(0.3 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) may be stirred at RT for 1 h. Subsequently, thereaction mixture may be concentrated in vacuo and the residue purifiedby preparative TLC to give compound 2.1 in good yield.

Cmpd 2.1 Synthesis Via CDI

A mixture of compound 1.3 (0.25 mmol), DIEA (0.25 mmol), and CDI (0.25mmol) in DMF (1 mL) may be stirred at RT for 30 min. Subsequently, foranilines (0.5 mmol) or for alkyl amines (0.25 mmol) R^(z)—NH₂ may beadded. After stirring at 100° C. (for anilines) or 60° C. (for alkylamines) for 1 h, the reaction mixture may be concentrated in vacuo andthe residue purified by, for example, preparative TLC to afford compound2.1 in good yield.

Cmpd 2.3

A mixture of compound 2.1 (0.2 mmol) and 4.0 N HCl in 1,4-dioxane (2 mL)may be stirred at RT for 1 h. The reaction mixture may then beconcentrated in vacuo and the residue dried in vacuo. Subsequently,4-chloro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (compound 2.2, 0.2 mmol), DIEA (0.6mmol), and DMF (1 mL) may be added. After stirring at 100° C. forseveral hours, the reaction mixture may be concentrated in vacuo and theresidue purified by reverse phase chromatography C₁₈ column and 10%acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFA to afford compound 2.3.

Example 3

Compounds having the generic formula of compound 3.2 may be synthesized,for example, as shown in Scheme 3 following. Compound 3.2 can be readilyprepared following a similar procedure to that disclosed for compound2.3 by condensing compound 1.3 with the appropriate acid chloride orcarbonate, followed by deprotection and adduction at the piperidinenitrogen.

wherein R^(z) is Ring A² as defined above and described in classes andsubclasses herein.

Example 4

Scheme 4 shows an exemplary synthesis for compounds exemplified bycompound 1.

Cmpd 4.1 (tert-Butyl3-(3-(phenylcarbamoyl)phenyl)piperidine-1-carboxylate). A mixture ofcompound 1.1 (0.5 mmol), R^(z)—NH₂ (aniline, 0.55 mmol), HATU (0.55mmol), and DIEA (2 mmol) in DMF (1 mL) was stirred at RT for severalhours. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo, and the residuewas diluted with EtOAc (25 mL). The resulting mixture was washed withsat. aq. NH₄Cl, sat. aq. NaHCO₃, and brine, respectively. The organiclayer was dried with (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo toafford a residue which was purified by column chromatography to affordcompound 4.1 in 70% yield.

Cmpd 1(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-N-phenylbenzamide).A mixture of compound 4.1 (0.25 mmol) in 4.0 N HCl in 1,4-dioxane (4 mL)was stirred at RT. After stirring at RT for several hours, the reactionmixture was concentrated in vacuo to afford a residue, which was usedwithout further purification. To a solution of the amine in DMF (1 mL)was added compound 2.2 (0.25 mmol) and DIEA (1.5 mmol). After stirringat 100° C. for 4 h, the solvent was concentrated in vacuo, and theresidue was purified by reverse phase chromatography C₁₈ column and 10%acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFA to afford compound 1. EIMS (m/z):calcd. for C₂₄H₂₃N₅O (M⁺+1) 398.19. found 398.20.

Example 5

Scheme 5 shows an exemplary synthesis utilizing the routes of Schemes 1and 3. Scheme 5 proceeds through the arylamine for elaboration of thependant side chain before formation of a covalent bond with thepiperidinyl nitrogen.

wherein R^(z) is Ring A² as defined above and described in classes andsubclasses herein.

Cmpd 1.2 was prepared in 80% yield according to Scheme 1. Cmpd 1.3 wasprepared in 95% yield according to Scheme 1.

Cmpd 3.1 Method A

A mixture of amine 1.3 (0.5 mmol), R^(z)—COOH (0.55 mmol), HATU (0.55mmol), and DIEA (2 mmol) in DMF (1 mL) may be stirred at RT for severalhours. The reaction mixture can be concentrated in vacuo and the residuediluted with EtOAc (50 mL). The resulting mixture can be washed withsat. aq. NH₄Cl, sat. aq. NaHCO₃, and brine, respectively. The organiclayer can be dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo toafford a residue which can be purified by column chromatography toafford compound 5.2 in good yield.

Cmpd 3.1 Method B

To a solution of amine 1.3 (0.07 mmol), benzoyl acid chloride (0.07 mol)in THF (1 mL) can be added Et₃N (0.09 mmol), and the reaction stirred atRT for 16 h. The solution can be concentrated in vacuo, and the residuedissolved in EtOAc and washed with citric acid, NaHCO₃ and brine, dried(Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford a residue whichcan be purified by column chromatography (gradient hexane-EtOAc) toyield compound 3.1.

Cmpd 3.2

A mixture of compound 5.2 (0.25 mmol) in 4.0 N HCl in 1,4-dioxane (4 mL)can be stirred at RT. After stirring at RT for several hours, thereaction mixture can be concentrated and the residue dried in vacuo. Theresidue can be treated with compound 2.2 (0.25 mmol), DIEA (1.5 mmol) inDMF (1 mL). After stirring at 100° C. for 4 h, the solvent can beremoved and the residue purified by reverse phase chromatography C₁₈column and 10% acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFA to afford compound3.2.

By employing appropriate R^(z) groups in Scheme 5, the followingcompounds were afforded. See also Table 1.

Cmpd 2(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)benzamide)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₄H₂₃N₅O (M⁺+1) 398.19. found 398.35. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 11.68 (s, 1H), 10.23 (s, 1H), 8.14 (s, 1H), 7.96(d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H), 7.74 (s, 1H), 7.69 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.51˜7.61 (m,3H), 7.32 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.17 (s, 1H), 7.07 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 6.51(s, 1H), 4.74˜4.83 (m, 2H), 3.06˜3.16 (m, 2H), 2.72˜2.78 (m, 1H),2.00˜2.02 (m, 1H), 1.82˜1.88 (m, 2H), 1.58˜1.67 (m, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 3(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-4-chlorobenzamide)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 8.15 (s, 1H), 8.00 (d, J=8.59 Hz, 2H),7.65-7.80 (m, 2H), 7.62 (d, J=9.10 Hz, 2H), 7.34 (t, J=7.83 Hz, 1H),7.18 (d, J=3.54 Hz, 1H), 7.09 (d, J=7.58 Hz, 1H), 6.51 (d, J=3.54 Hz,1H), 4.66-4.90 (m, 2H), 3.01-3.23 (m, 2H), 2.70-2.86 (m, 1H), 2.02 (d,J=11.12 Hz, 1H), 1.75-1.93 (m, 2H), 1.63 (d, J=12.63 Hz, 1H).

Cmpd 4

(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-chlorobenzamide)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 11.70 (br. s., 1H), 10.34 (s, 1H), 8.16 (s,1H), 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.93 (d, J=8.09 Hz, 1H), 7.64-7.76 (m, 3H), 7.54-7.62(m, 1H), 7.34 (t, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 7.16-7.21 (m, 1H), 7.11 (d, J=7.58 Hz,1H), 6.51 (d, J=3.54 Hz, 1H), 4.71-4.89 (m, 2H), 3.30 (s, 1H), 3.03-3.19(m, 3H), 2.71-2.83 (m, 2H), 1.97-2.07 (m, 2H), 1.77-1.92 (m, 4H),1.56-1.71 (m, 2H).

Cmpd 5(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-2-chlorobenzamide)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 11.70 (br. s., 1H), 10.50 (s, 1H), 8.15 (s,1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.55-7.65 (m, 3H), 7.41-7.55 (m, 2H), 7.33 (t, J=7.83Hz, 1H), 7.15-7.21 (m, 1H), 7.10 (d, J=8.09 Hz, 1H), 6.51 (d, J=3.54 Hz,1H), 4.68-4.89 (m, 2H), 3.30 (s, 1H), 3.00-3.20 (m, 3H), 2.70-2.82 (m,1H), 1.95-2.07 (m, 1H), 1.74-1.92 (m, 1H).

Cmpd 6(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-2-methoxybenzamide)1H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.54 (br. s., 1H), 10.13 (s, 1H), 8.34 (s,1H), 7.80 (s, 1H), 7.63 (d, J=7.58 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (d, J=8.08 Hz, 1H),7.47-7.54 (m, 1H), 7.43 (br. s., 1H), 7.34 (t, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 7.19 (d,J=8.09 Hz, 1H), 7.04-7.13 (m, 2H), 6.81 (br. s., 1H), 4.66 (br. s., 2H),3.91 (s, 3H), 3.41 (t, J=12.38 Hz, 2H), 2.89 (t, J=11.37 Hz, 1H),1.82-2.10 (m, 3H), 1.67-1.81 (m, 1H).

Cmpd 7(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-methoxybenzamide)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.71 (br. s., 1H), 10.25 (s, 1H), 8.38 (s,1H), 7.83 (s, 1H), 7.65 (d, J=9.60 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (d, J=7.58 Hz, 1H),7.49 (d, J=8.59 Hz, 2H), 7.46 (s, 1H), 7.44 (d, 1H), 7.41-7.52 (m, 4H),7.36 (t, J=8.09 Hz, 1H), 7.17 (d, J=6.57 Hz, 1H), 7.12 (d, J=7.58 Hz,1H), 6.87 (br. s., 1H), 4.65 (br. s., 2H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 3.46 (t,J=12.38 Hz, 2H), 2.93 (t, J=11.62 Hz, 1H), 1.83-2.12 (m, 3H), 1.65-1.84(m, 1H).

Cmpd 8(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-4-methoxybenzamide)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.70 (br. s., 1H), 10.11 (s, 1H), 8.38 (s,1H), 7.97 (d, J=8.59 Hz, 2H), 7.82 (s, 1H), 7.65 (d, J=9.10 Hz, 1H),7.48 (br. s., 1H), 7.34 (t, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 7.03-7.12 (m, 3H), 6.87 (br.s., 1H), 4.65 (br. s., 2H), 3.84-3.85 (m, 4H), 3.83-3.87 (m, 4H),3.83-3.87 (m, 4H), 3.46 (t, J=12.38 Hz, 2H), 2.92 (t, J=10.86 Hz, 1H),1.84-2.09 (m, 3H), 1.68-1.83 (m, 1H).

Cmpd 9(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-2-phenylacetamide)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.49 (br. s., 1H), 10.19 (s, 1H), 8.32 (s,1H), 7.64 (s, 1H), 7.37-7.49 (m, 2H), 7.31-7.36 (m, 4H), 7.30 (d, J=7.58Hz, 1H), 7.20-7.28 (m, 1H), 7.04 (d, J=8.08 Hz, 1H), 6.77 (br. s., 1H),4.64 (br. s., 2H), 3.64 (s, 2H), 3.28-3.43 (m, 2H), 2.84 (t, J=11.37 Hz,1H), 1.62-2.04 (m, 4H).

Cmpd 10(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-2,6-dichlorobenzamide)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 300 MHz): δ 12.62 (br. s., 1H), 10.76 (s, 1H), 8.36 (s,1H), 7.76 (s, 1H), 7.25-7.68 (m, 6H), 7.15 (d, J=7.55 Hz, 1H), 6.84 (br.s., 1H), 4.53-4.80 (m, 2H), 3.28-3.55 (m, 2H), 2.92 (t, J=11.33 Hz, 1H),1.59-2.15 (m, 4H).

Cmpd 11(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)isonicotinamide)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.71 (br. s., 1H), 10.57 (s, 1H), 8.83 (d,J=6.06 Hz, 2H), 8.39 (s, 1H), 7.92 (d, J=6.06 Hz, 2H), 7.82 (s, 1H),7.66 (d, J=8.09 Hz, 1H), 7.43-7.55 (m, 1H), 7.39 (t, J=8.09 Hz, 1H),7.17 (d, J=8.09 Hz, 1H), 6.86 (br. s., 1H), 4.66 (d, J=11.12 Hz, 2H),3.45 (t, J=12.63 Hz, 2H), 2.82-3.05 (m, 1H), 1.64-2.13 (m, 4H).

Cmpd 12(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)nicotinamide)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.74 (br. s., 1H), 10.51 (s, 1H), 9.14 (d,J=2.02 Hz, 1H), 8.80 (d, J=4.55 Hz, 1H), 8.29-8.47 (m, 2H), 7.83 (s,1H), 7.57-7.74 (m, 2H), 7.48 (br. s., 1H), 7.38 (t, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 7.15(d, J=7.58 Hz, 1H), 6.87 (br. s., 1H), 4.66 (d, J=10.61 Hz, 2H), 3.46(t, J=12.38 Hz, 2H), 2.84-3.06 (m, 1H), 1.65-2.14 (m, 5H).

Cmpd 13(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)picolinamide)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.63 (br. s., 1H), 10.62 (s, 1H), 8.75 (d,J=5.56 Hz, 1H), 8.37 (s, 1H), 8.17 (d, J=7.58 Hz, 1H), 8.04-8.13 (m,1H), 7.95 (s, 1H), 7.82 (d, J=9.10 Hz, 1H), 7.65-7.74 (m, 1H), 7.44 (d,J=2.53 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (t, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 7.13 (d, J=7.58 Hz, 1H), 6.84(br. s., 1H), 4.59-4.74 (m, 2H), 3.34-3.50 (m, 2H), 2.85-2.98 (m, 1H),1.84-2.10 (m, 3H), 1.65-1.84 (m, 1H).

Cmpd 14

(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.56 (br. s., 1H), 10.73 (s, 1H), 9.05 (d,J=5.05 Hz, 2H), 8.35 (s, 1H), 7.91 (s, 1H), 7.70-7.85 (m, 2H), 7.29-7.53(m, 2H), 7.15 (d, J=7.58 Hz, 1H), 6.82 (br. s., 1H), 4.56-4.82 (m, 2H),3.42 (t, J=12.13 Hz, 2H), 2.79-3.01 (m, 1H), 1.62-2.14 (m, 4H).

Cmpd 15(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-hydroxybenzamide)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.54 (br. s., 1H), 10.51 (s, 1H),8.15-8.49 (m, 4H), 7.98 (d, J=8.09 Hz, 1H), 7.75-7.86 (m, 2H), 7.68 (d,J=9.10 Hz, 1H), 7.26-7.52 (m, 2H), 7.15 (d, J=7.58 Hz, 1H), 6.81 (br.s., 1H), 4.69 (d, J=13.14 Hz, 2H), 3.40 (t, J=12.13 Hz, 2H), 2.80-3.05(m, 1H), 1.81-2.14 (m, 3H), 1.61-1.82 (m, 1H).

Example 6

Schemes 6 and 7 demonstrate exemplary syntheses utilizing a protectedpyrrolo-pyrimidine. The heteroaryl functionality can be protected (e.g.,by tosylation) with subsequent removal of the protecting group. InScheme 6, the heteroaryl bond to the piperidine nitrogen is formedbefore elaboration of the pendant side chain, which in this case,includes a urea moiety.

Cmpd 6.2

A mixture of compound 1.2 (30 mmol) in 4.0 N HCl in 1,4-dioxane (100 mL)was stirred at RT. After stirring at RT for several hours, the reactionmixture was concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was treated withcompound 6.1 (30 mmol), DIEA (120 mmol) in DMF (60 mL). After stirringat 90° C. for 4 h, the solvent was removed in vacuo, and the residue waspurified by reverse phase chromatography C₁₈ column and 10%acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFA to afford compound 6.2 in 90%yield.

Cmpd 6.3

A mixture of compound 6.2 (25 mmol) and 10% Pd/C (2 g) in MeOH (100 mL)was stirred under an atmosphere of H₂ at RT. After stirring for 4 h, thereaction mixture was filtered through Celite®545. The filtrate wasconcentrated in vacuo, and the residue was purified by columnchromatography to give compound 6.3 in 95% yield.

Cmpd 6.4

To a solution of compound 6.3 (20 mmol) in Et₃N (30 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (100mL) was added phenyl chloroformate (24 mmol) at 0° C. After stirring atRT for 2 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with CH₂Cl₂ (400 mL). Theresulting mixture was washed with sat. aq. NaHCO₃, sat. aq. NH₄Cl, andbrine, respectively. The organic layer was dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered, andconcentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified by column chromatographyto give compound 6.4 in quantitative yield.

Cmpd 6.5

A mixture was of compound 6.4 (0.25 mmol), RNH₂ (0.3 mmol), and DIEA(0.3 mmol) in DMF (1 mL) was stirred at 100° C. for 1 h. The reactionmixture was concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was purified byreverse phase chromatography C₁₈ column and 10% acetonitrile/watercontaining 0.1% TFA to afford compound 6.5 in good to excellent yield.

Cmpd 16

(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea)A mixture of compound 6.5 (0.2 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (1.0 mmol) in MeOH (2 mL)and water (0.5 mL) was stirred at 65° C. for several hours. The solventwas removed and the residue was diluted with water. The precipitate wasisolated by filtration and purified by reverse phase chromatography C₁₈column and 10% acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFA to afford compound16.

Example 7

Scheme 7 shows an exemplary synthesis of compounds exemplified bycompound 7.2. In this scheme, the pendant side chain is elaborated byamide bond formation between the free amine and the appropriate acid.Deprotection of the heteroaryl functionality follows to afford acompound as described herein.

wherein R^(z) is Ring A² as defined above and described in classes andsubclasses herein.

Cmpd 7.1

A mixture of compound 6.3 (0.3 mmol), R^(z)CO₂H (0.33 mmol), HATU (0.33mmol), and DIEA (1.2 mmol) in DMF (1 mL) can be stirred at RT. Afterstirring at RT for several hours, the reaction mixture can beconcentrated in vacuo and the residue diluted with EtOAc (50 mL). Theresulting mixture can be washed with sat. aq. NaHCO₃, and brine,respectively. The organic layer can be dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered andconcentrated in vacuo to afford a residue, which can be purified bycolumn chromatography to afford compound 7.1.

Cmpd 7.2

A mixture of compound 7.1 (0.2 mmol), K₂CO₃ (1.0 mmol) in MeOH (2 mL),and water (0.5 mL) can be stirred at 65° C. for several hours. Thesolvent can be removed and the residue diluted with water. Theprecipitate can be isolated by filtration and purified by preparativeHPLC to afford compound 7.2.

By employing R^(z)CO₂H reagents as dictated by the resultant compound inthe method of Scheme 7, the following compounds were synthesized. Seealso Table 1.

Cmpd 17(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-2-(phenylamino)acetamide) EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₅H₂₆N₆O (M⁺+1) 427.22. found 427.22.¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.54 (s, 1H), 9.97 (s, 1H), 8.32 (s, 1H),7.63 (s, 1H), 7.48 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.40 (s, 1H), 7.29 (t, J=7.6 Hz,2H), 7.03˜7.11 (m, 3H), 6.79 (s, 1H), 6.56˜6.60 (m, 3H), 4.63 (m, 2H),3.85 (s, 2H), 3.36 (m, 2H), 2.84 (m, 1H), 1.69˜2.00 (m, 4H) ppm.

Cmpd 18((2S)—N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetamide)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₅H₂₅N₅O₂ (M⁺+1) 428.20. found 428.35. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.47 (s, 1H), 9.89 (s, 1H), 8.30 (s, 1H), 7.72(s, 1H), 7.58 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.33˜7.39 (m,3H), 7.25˜7.30 (m, 2H), 7.04 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 1H), 6.76 (s, 1H), 5.09 (s,1H), 4.63 (m, 2H), 3.34 (m, 2H), 2.82 (m, 1H), 1.6˜71.00 (m, 4H) ppm.

Cmpd 19((2R)—N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetamide)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₅H₂₅N₅O₂ (M⁺+1) 428.20. found 428.35. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.46 (s, 1H), 9.89 (s, 1H), 8.30 (s, 1H), 7.72(s, 1H), 7.58 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.50 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.33˜7.39 (m,3H), 7.25˜7.30 (m, 2H), 7.04 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 1H), 6.76 (s, 1H), 5.09 (s,1H), 4.63 (m, 2H), 3.34 (m, 2H), 2.82 (m, 1H), 1.6˜71.00 (m, 4H) ppm.

Cmpd 20

((2S)—N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamide)(RCOOH represents (S)-2-tert-butocycarbonylamino-2-phenylacetic acid; anadditional step to remove the Boc protecting group was required toprepare this compound). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₅H₂₆N₆O (M⁺+1) 427.77.found 427.45.

Cmpd 21

((2R)—N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamide)(RCOOH represents (R)-2-tert-butocycarbonylamino-2-phenylacetic acid; anadditional step to remove the Boc protecting group was required toprepare this compound). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₅H₂₆N₆O (M⁺+1) 427.77.found 427.45.

Cmpd 22

(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-2-phenoxyacetamide)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₅H₂₅N₅O₂ (M⁺+1) 428.20. found 428.25. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.25 (s, 1H), 10.10 (s, 1H), 8.33 (s, 1H), 7.67(s, 1H), 7.51 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.41 (s, 1H), 7.31 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 2H),7.08 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 6.79˜7.01 (m, 2H), 6.79 (s, 1H), 4.69 (s, 2H),4.64 (m, 2H), 3.36 (m, 2H), 2.86 (m, 1H), 1.70˜2.01 (m, 4H) ppm.

Cmpd 23

(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylpropanamide)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₆H₂₇N₅O (M⁺+1) 426.22. found 426.15. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.44 (s, 1H), 9.92 (s, 1H), 8.30 (s, 1H), 7.59(s, 1H), 7.43 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.39 (s, 1H), 7.23˜7.28 (m, 5H), 7.18(m, 1H), 7.01 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 6.76 (s, 1H), 4.64 (m, 2H), 3.34 (m,2H), 2.90 (m, 2H), 2.85 (m, 1H), 2.62 (t, J=6.2 Hz, 2H), 1.68˜2.00 (m,4H) ppm.

Example 8

Scheme 8 shows an exemplary synthesis of compounds having a generalizednitrogen-containing cycloheteroalkyl (e.g., compound 8.5). Like Scheme2, Scheme 8 elaborates the pendant side chain before covalent bondformation to the heteroaryl functionality.

wherein R^(z) is Ring A² as defined above and described in classes andsubclasses herein.

Cmpd 8.3 (Method A from Compound 8.1)

A mixture of compound 8.1 (0.5 mmol), R^(z)NH₂ (1.0 mmol), DPPA (0.6mmol), and Et₃N (0.6 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) can be stirred at 100° C. for 1h. The reaction mixture can be concentrated in vacuo and the residuepurified by preparative TLC to give compound 8.3 in excellent yield.

Cmpd 8.3 (Method B from Compound 8.2)

To a mixture of compound 8.2 (0.5 mmol), DIEA (0.5 mmol) and DMF (2 mL)can be added R^(z)N═C═O (0.5 mmol) at RT. After stirring at RT for 1 h,the reaction mixture can be concentrated in vacuo and the residuepurified by preparative TLC to give compound 8.3 in excellent yield.

Cmpd 8.3 (Method C from Compound 8.2)

A mixture of compound 8.2 (0.5 mmol), R^(z)COOH (0.5 mmol), DPPA (0.6mmol), and Et₃N (0.6 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) can be stirred at 100° C. for 1h. The reaction mixture can be concentrated in vacuo and the residuepurified by preparative TLC to give compound 8.3 in excellent yield.

Cmpd 8.4

A mixture of compound 8.3 (0.25 mmol) in 4.0 N HCl in 1,4-dioxane (4 mL)can be stirred at RT. After stirring at RT for several hours, thereaction mixture can be concentrated in vacuo to give compound 8.4.

Cmpd 8.5

A mixture of compound 8.4 (0.25 mmol) and compound 2.2 (0.25 mmol) inDIEA (1.5 mmol) and DMF (1 mL) can be stirred at 100° C. for 4 h.Subsequently, the reaction mixture can be concentrated in vacuo and theresidue purified by preparative HPLC to give compound 8.5.

By employing a variety of R^(z)-groups as indicated in Scheme 8, thefollowing compounds were synthesized. See also Table 1.

Cmpd 16(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₄H₂₄BN₆O (M⁺+1) 413.20. found 413.25. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.55 (s, 1H), 8.77 (s, 2H), 8.31 (s, 1H), 7.48(s, 1H), 7.41˜7.43 (m, 3H), 7.2˜27.25 (m, 4H), 6.91˜6.94 (m, 2H), 6.79(s, 1H), 4.61 (t, J=13.2 Hz, 2H), 3.34˜3.42 (m, 2H), 2.83 (t, J=11.3 Hz,1H), 1.65˜1.99 (m, 4H) ppm.

Cmpd 24

(3-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-1-methyl-1-phenylurea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₅H₂₆N₆O (M⁺+1) 427.22. found 427.20. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 8.21 (s, 1H), 7.50 (m, 2H), 7.43 (s, 1H),7.35˜7.39 (m, 3H), 7.25 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.17 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.03(d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 6.89 (d, J=3.9 Hz, 1H), 4.89 (s, 3H), 4.67 (m, 2H),3.51 (t, J=12.5 Hz, 2H), 2.95 (m, 1H), 1.85˜2.15 (m, 4H) ppm.

Cmpd 25

(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₄H₂₃ClN₆O (M⁺+1) 447.16. found 447.15. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.58 (s, 1H), 9.45 (s, 1H), 8.31 (d, J=5.4 Hz,2H), 8.12 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (s, 1H), 7.42˜7.44 (m, 2H), 7.24˜7.28(m, 3H), 6.96˜7.02 (m, 2H), 6.79 (s, 1H), 4.61 (d, J=12.2 Hz, 2H),3.35˜3.42 (m, 2H), 2.85 (m, 1H), 1.81˜2.00 (m, 3H), 1.65˜1.75 (m, 1H)ppm.

Cmpd 26

(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(3-chlorophenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₄H₂₃ClN₆O (M⁺+1) 447.16. found 447.15. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.47 (s, 1H), 8.98 (s, 1H), 8.84 (s, 1H), 8.29(s, 1H), 7.71 (s, 1H), 7.49 (s, 1H), 7.38 (s, 1H), 7.24 (m, 4H),6.94˜6.99 (m, 2H), 6.76 (s, 1H), 4.62 (m, 2H), 3.35 (m, 2H), 2.83 (m,1H), 1.80˜1.99 (m, 3H), 1.64˜1.73 (m, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 27

(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₄H₂₃ClN₆O (M⁺+1) 447.16. found 447.15. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.52 (s, 1H), 8.94 (s, 1H), 8.84 (s, 1H), 8.30(s, 1H), 7.48 (s, 1H), 7.46 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.39 (s, 1H), 7.28 (d,J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 7.22˜7.25 (m, 2H), 6.94 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 6.77 (s, 1H),4.60 (t, J=12.5 Hz, 2H), 3.37 (m, 2H), 2.83 (m, 1H), 1.79˜1.00 (m, 3H),1.64˜1.73 (m, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 28

(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₃H₂₂N₆O (M⁺+1) 399.19. found 399.15. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.71 (s, 1H), 8.81 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 2H), 8.30 (s,1H), 7.55 (br s, 1H), 7.4˜17.43 (m, 3H), 7.22˜7.26 (m, 4H), 6.91˜6.97(m, 3H), 3.74˜4.44 (m, 4H), 3.61 (m, 2H), 2.15 (m, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 29

(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(pyridin-2-yl)urea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₃H₂₃N₇O (M⁺+1) 414.20. found 414.10. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.65 (s, 1H), 10.55 (s, 1H), 9.55 (s, 1H), 8.35(s, 1H), 8.27 (d, J=4.4 Hz, 1H), 7.76 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (s, 1H),7.40˜7.49 (m, 3H), 7.30 (t, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.0˜27.04 (m, 2H), 6.85 (s,1H), 4.62 (t, J=14.7 Hz, 2H), 3.45 (t, J=12.2 Hz, 2H), 2.89 (m, 1H),1.8˜2.02 (m, 3H), 1.66˜1.78 (m, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 30

(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)urea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₃H₂₃N₇O (M⁺+1) 414.20. found 414.20. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.49 (s, 1H), 9.50 (s, 1H), 9.22 (s, 1H), 8.86(s, 1H), 8.32˜8.34 (m, 2H), 8.14 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 1H), 7.61 (m, 1H), 7.51(s, 1H), 7.40 (m, 1H), 7.27˜7.24 (m, 1H), 7.00 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 1H), 6.78(s, 1H), 4.65 (m, 2H), 3.37 (m, 2H), 2.86 (m, 1H), 1.82˜2.92 (m, 3H),1.6˜71.76 (m, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 31

(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(pyridin-4-yl)urea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₃H₂₃N₇O (M⁺+1) 414.20. found 414.10. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.44 (s, 1H), 11.17 (s, 1H), 10.10 (s, 1H), 8.60(d, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 8.31 (s, 1H), 7.94 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 2H), 7.55 (s, 1H),7.31˜7.40 (m, 3H), 7.08 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 1H), 6.76 (s, 1H), 4.66 (d, J=12.2Hz, 2H), 3.35 (m, 2H), 2.86 (m, 1H), 1.82˜2.02 (m, 2H), 1.6˜61.75 (m,1H) ppm.

Cmpd 32

(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(thiophen-3-yl)urea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₂H₂₂N₆OS (M⁺+1) 419.16. found 419.20. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.52 (s, 1H), 9.02 (s, 1H), 8.71 (s, 1H), 8.32(s, 1H), 7.50 (s, 1H), 7.41 (m, 2H), 7.23˜7.27 (m, 3H), 7.03 (d, J=4.9Hz, 1H), 6.95 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 1H), 6.80 (s, 1H), 4.63 (m, 2H), 3.39 (m,2H), 2.85 (m, 1H), 1.82˜2.01 (m, 3H), 1.72 (m, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 33

(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2,6-diethylphenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₈H₃₂N₆O (M⁺+1) 469.26. found 469.35. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.45 (s, 1H), 8.81 (s, 1H), 8.30 (s, 1H), 7.69(s, 1H), 7.44 (s, 1H), 7.38 (s, 1H), 7.31 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (t,J=7.8 Hz, 1H), 7.16 (m, 1H), 7.08˜7.10 (m, 2H), 6.92 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 1H),6.76 (s, 1H), 4.64 (m, 2H), 3.34 (m, 2H), 2.81 (m, 1H), 2.57 (q, J=7.3Hz, 6H), 1.68˜2.00 (m, 4H), 1.12 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 4H) ppm.

Cmpd 34

(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2-(dimethylamino)phenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 456 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 2.00 (m, 4H), 3.00 (m,1H), 3.23 (d, J=11.25 Hz, 6H), 3.53 (m, 2H), 4.73 (m, 2H), 6.89 (s, 1H),7.06 (d, J=5.87 Hz, 1H), 7.14 (d, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 7.33 (m, 4H), 7.45 (t,J=8.07 Hz, 1H), 7.55 (s, 1H), 7.87 (s, 1H), 8.28 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 35

(1-(2-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)phenyl)-3-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 479 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ −0.44 (t, J=12.23 Hz,1H) −0.28 (m, 2H) −0.12 (d, J=11.74 Hz, 1H) 0.60 (m, 1H) 0.99 (m, 2H)2.60 (s, 2H) 4.36 (d, J=2.93 Hz, 2H) 4.80 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 1H) 4.89 (m,2H) 5.05 (m, 3H) 5.15 (m, 2H) 5.28 (t, J=7.58 Hz, 1H) 5.69 (s, 1H) 5.75(d, J=7.83 Hz, 1H) 5.93 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 36(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(1-tert-butyl-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 472 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ −0.66 (dd, J=13.94,5.14 Hz, 1H) −0.59 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 9H) −0.43 (d, J=10.27 Hz, 1H) −0.31(m, 2H) −0.12 (d, J=12.23 Hz, 1H) −0.01 (s, 3H) 0.62 (s, 1H) 0.99 (t,J=12.23 Hz, 2H) 2.61 (s, 1H) 4.36 (d, J=2.93 Hz, 1H) 4.83 (d, J=6.85 Hz,1H) 4.91 (d, J=2.93 Hz, 1H) 5.07 (m, 2H) 5.23 (s, 1H) 5.93 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 37(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 482 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.97 (m, 4H), 2.25 (s,4H), 2.96 (t, J=11.25 Hz, 1H), 3.50 (t, J=12.47 Hz, 2H), 3.76 (s, 4H),4.72 (s, 2H), 6.85 (s, 1H), 7.07 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (m, 2H), 7.42(d, J=12.23 Hz, 4H), 7.50 (s, 1H), 7.66 (d, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 8.27 (s, 1H)ppm.

Cmpd 38(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2-cyclopropylphenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 453 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 0.63 (d, J=5.38 Hz,2H), 0.99 (d, J=8.31 Hz, 2H), 1.99 (m, 4H), 2.97 (t, J=11.00 Hz, 1H),3.52 (m, 2H), 4.70 (m, 2H), 6.89 (s, 1H), 7.03 (m, 3H), 7.17 (dd,J=18.59, 8.31 Hz, 2H), 7.29 (t, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (d, J=2.45 Hz, 1H),7.65 (s, 1H), 7.75 (d, J=8.31 Hz, 1H), 8.27 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 39(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 493 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.59 (s, 1H), 1.77 (s,1H), 1.94 (s, 1H), 2.08 (s, 1H), 2.64 (s, 1H), 2.85 (s, 2H), 3.11 (d,J=1.96 Hz, 1H), 3.46 (s, 1H), 6.60 (d, J=2.45 Hz, 1H), 6.88 (s, 1H),7.12 (m, 3H), 7.28 (s, 2H), 7.48 (s, 1H), 7.69 (s, 1H), 8.13 (s, 1H)ppm.

Cmpd 40(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-((R)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 453 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.83 (m, 4H), 2.07 (d,J=12.23 Hz, 1H), 2.55 (m, 1H), 2.83 (m, 2H), 2.97 (m, 1H), 3.17 (t,J=12.47 Hz, 2H), 4.80 (s, 2H), 5.27 (t, J=7.58 Hz, 1H), 6.55 (s, 1H),6.96 (d, J=5.38 Hz, 1H), 7.10 (s, 1H), 7.21 (m, 5H), 7.31 (d, J=5.87 Hz,1H), 7.40 (s, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 41(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-((S)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-yl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 453 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.83 (m, 4H), 2.07 (s,1H), 2.56 (m, 1H), 2.83 (m, 2H), 2.97 (m, 1H), 3.19 (t, J=12.23 Hz, 2H),4.80 (s, 2H), 5.27 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 1H), 6.57 (d, J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 6.97 (d,J=2.93 Hz, 1H), 7.11 (d, J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (m, 5H), 7.31 (d, J=6.36Hz, 1H), 7.41 (s, 1H), 8.12 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 42(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-((S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalen-1-yl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 467 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.86 (m, 6H), 2.06 (m,2H), 2.81 (m, 3H), 3.24 (d, J=11.74 Hz, 2H), 4.80 (d, J=13.21 Hz, 2H),4.96 (s, 1H), 6.63 (s, 1H), 6.97 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 1H), 7.09 (s, 1H), 7.15(dd, J=15.65, 2.93 Hz, 3H), 7.32 (m, 1H), 7.44 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 1H), 8.15(s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 43(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-((R)-1-phenylethyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 441 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.45 (d, J=6.85 Hz,3H), 1.71 (m, 1H), 1.85 (m, 2H), 2.03 (d, J=11.74 Hz, 1H), 2.75 (t,J=11.25 Hz, 1H), 3.13 (t, J=12.47 Hz, 2H), 4.75 (m, 2H), 4.90 (m, 1H),6.53 (s, 1H), 6.91 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 1H), 7.08 (d, J=2.93 Hz, 1H), 7.19 (m,3H), 7.31 (m, 5H), 8.11 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 44(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-((R)-1-cyclohexylethyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 447 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.01 (m, 2H), 1.10 (d,J=6.85 Hz, 3H), 1.25 (m, 4H), 1.73 (m, 6H), 1.89 (t, J=11.00 Hz, 2H),2.05 (d, J=11.25 Hz, 1H), 2.77 (t, J=11.25 Hz, 1H), 3.16 (t, J=12.47 Hz,2H), 3.64 (m, 1H), 4.79 (d, J=12.72 Hz, 2H), 6.55 (d, J=2.93 Hz, 1H),6.92 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 1H), 7.10 (s, 1H), 7.19 (m, 2H), 7.36 (s, 1H), 8.11(s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 45(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(1H-indol-4-yl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 452 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.78 (s, 1H), 1.92 (m,2H), 2.10 (s, 1H), 2.80 (d, J=32.3 Hz, 1H), 3.19 (m, 2H), 3.61 (d,J=5.38 Hz, 1H), 3.83 (m, 1H), 5.48 (s, 1H), 6.57 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 2H),6.64 (d, J=8.31 Hz, 1H), 6.69 (s, 1H), 7.02 (m, 1H), 7.07 (d, J=7.83 Hz,1H), 7.13 (m, 1H), 7.20 (d, J=10.76 Hz, 1H), 7.30 (m, 1H), 7.52 (m, 1H),8.12 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 46((R)-1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 482 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.73 (d, J=12.72 Hz,1H), 1.91 (d, J=9.29 Hz, 2H), 1.96 (s, 4H), 2.08 (d, J=11.25 Hz, 1H),2.81 (t, J=11.00 Hz, 1H), 3.09 (s, 4H), 3.18 (t, J=12.47 Hz, 2H), 4.81(s, 2H), 6.55 (s, 1H), 6.97 (m, 3H), 7.09 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 2H), 7.28 (m,2H), 7.45 (s, 1H), 7.78 (d, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 8.12 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 47((S)-1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 482 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.73 (t, J=12.72 Hz,1H), 1.87 (m, 2H), 1.94 (s, 4H), 2.06 (d, J=11.74 Hz, 1H), 2.79 (t,J=11.25 Hz, 1H), 3.08 (s, 4H), 3.15 (t, J=12.23 Hz, 2H), 4.81 (d,J=13.21 Hz, 2H), 6.53 (s, 1H), 6.94 (m, 3H), 7.07 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 2H),7.26 (m, 2H), 7.44 (s, 1H), 7.76 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 48(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2-cyclopentylphenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 481 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.59 (m, 2H), 1.72 (m,3H), 1.81 (m, 2H), 1.92 (m, 2H), 2.06 (s, 2H), 2.81 (t, J=11.25 Hz, 1H),3.21 (m, 2H), 4.58 (s, 2H), 4.80 (s, 2H), 6.56 (d, J=2.93 Hz, 1H), 6.99(d, J=6.85 Hz, 1H), 7.13 (m, 2H), 7.27 (m, 3H), 7.44 (s, 1H), 7.49 (d,J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 8.12 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 49(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2,4-difluoro-6-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 518 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD 400 MHz): δ 1.80 (s, 2H), 1.92 (s,4H), 2.07 (m, 2H), 2.84 (m, 1H), 2.94 (t, J=11.74 Hz, 1H), 3.41 (s, 4H),3.49 (t, J=12.47 Hz, 1H), 4.24 (t, J=7.09 Hz, 1H), 4.66 (d, J=13.21 Hz,1H), 6.33 (m, 2H), 6.86 (s, 1H), 7.01 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 1H), 7.18 (d,J=8.31 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 1H), 7.36 (d, J=2.45 Hz, 1H), 7.58(s, 1H), 8.25 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 50(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2-chloro-6-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 517 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 0.33 (m, 2H), 0.48 (s,4H), 0.56 (m, 2H), 1.40 (m, 1H), 1.94 (m, J=23.97 Hz, 6H), 3.14 (m, 2H),5.31 (s, 1H), 5.53 (m, 3H), 5.70 (m, 3H), 5.80 (s, 1H), 6.03 (s, 1H),6.69 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 51(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2-fluoro-6-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 514 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 2.02 (m, 6H), 2.98 (m,1H), 3.53 (m, J=9.29 Hz, 4H), 4.73 (s, 4H), 6.89 (s, 2H), 7.05 (d,J=6.36 Hz, 2H), 7.30 (m, 3H), 7.38 (s, 1H), 7.57 (s, 1H), 8.28 (s, 1H)ppm.

Cmpd 52(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2-fluoro-6-((R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 514 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.23 (d, J=5.87 Hz,3H), 1.86 (m, 2H), 1.99 (m, 1H), 2.08 (m, 3H), 2.35 (m, 1H), 2.99 (m,1H), 3.52 (m, J=12.7, 12.7 Hz, 3H), 4.01 (m, 2H), 4.73 (m, 2H), 6.88 (s,1H), 7.08 (s, 2H), 7.25 (s, 1H), 7.31 (s, 2H), 7.37 (s, 2H), 7.56 (s,1H), 8.27 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 53(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)piperidine-1-carboxamide)EIMS (m/z): 404 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.63 (d, J=4.40 Hz,3H), 1.70 (d, J=5.38 Hz, 1H), 1.88 (dd, J=12.23, 3.91 Hz, 3H), 2.09 (m,4H), 2.99 (m, 2H), 3.53 (m, 4H), 4.26 (m, 1H), 4.72 (m, 1H), 6.90 (d,J=2.93 Hz, 1H), 7.03 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 1H), 7.24 (m, 3H), 7.46 (d, J=5.87Hz, 1H), 8.28 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 54(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-cyclohexylurea)EIMS (m/z): 418 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.33 (m, 8H), 1.65 (m,1H), 1.77 (dd, J=9.54, 3.67 Hz, 1H), 1.95 (m, 4H), 2.13 (m, 2H), 2.96(t, J=11.74 Hz, 1H), 3.56 (m, 2H), 4.71 (s, 1H), 6.90 (d, J=3.42 Hz,1H), 6.98 (d, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 7.10 (d, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (t, J=7.83Hz, 1H), 7.39 (d, J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (s, 1H), 8.28 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 55(N-(2-(3-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)ureido)phenyl)acetamide) EIMS (m/z): 470 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.91(m, 1H), 2.05 (m, 3H), 2.19 (d, J=5.87 Hz, 3H), 2.99 (m, 1H), 3.52 (m,2H), 4.71 (s, 2H), 6.90 (d, J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 7.05 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 1H),7.12 (m, 1H), 7.19 (m, 1H), 7.28 (m, 3H), 7.38 (d, J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 7.64(s, 1H), 7.80 (d, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 8.27 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 56(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 429 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 2.00 (m, 4H), 2.98 (m,1H), 3.53 (m, 2H), 4.71 (t, J=12.23 Hz, 2H), 6.84 (m, 4H), 7.02 (d,J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 7.20 (d, J=8.31 Hz, 1H), 7.29 (t, J=7.58 Hz, 1H), 7.38(d, J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 7.64 (s, 1H), 7.88 (d, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 8.28 (m, 1H)ppm.

Cmpd 57(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 418 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 2.02 (m, 4H), 2.39 (d,J=4.89 Hz, 3H), 3.00 (m, 1H), 3.55 (m, 2H), 4.72 (t, J=12.47 Hz, 2H),6.37 (s, 1H), 6.90 (d, J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 7.09 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 1H), 7.31 (m,2H), 7.39 (d, J=3.91 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (s, 1H), 8.29 (m, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 58(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 417 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 2.02 (m, 4H), 3.00 (m,1H), 3.56 (m, 2H), 3.82 (s, 3H), 4.72 (s, 2H), 6.16 (s, 1H), 6.91 (d,J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 7.06 (d, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 7.25 (m, 1H), 7.32 (t, J=7.83Hz, 1H), 7.39 (d, J=3.91 Hz, 1H), 7.46 (s, 1H), 7.64 (s, 1H), 8.29 (m,1H) ppm.

Cmpd 59(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 482 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 2.00 (m, 2H), 2.98 (m,1H), 3.53 (t, J=12.47 Hz, 2H), 4.71 (t, J=13.45 Hz, 2H), 6.89 (d, J=3.42Hz, 1H), 7.05 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 1H), 7.22 (d, J=8.31 Hz, 1H), 7.30 (q,J=8.15 Hz, 2H), 7.38 (d, J=3.91 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (d, J=7.83 Hz, 2H), 7.63(s, 1H), 8.27 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 60(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2,6-difluorophenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 449 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 2.00 (m, 4H), 2.98 (m,1H), 3.52 (m, 2H), 4.70 (t, J=13.94 Hz, 2H), 6.89 (d, J=3.91 Hz, 1H),7.05 (t, J=7.58 Hz, 3H), 7.21 (d, J=8.31 Hz, 1H), 7.29 (m, 2H), 7.37 (d,J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 7.62 (s, 1H), 8.26 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 61(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 473 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.99 (m, 4H), 2.96 (m,1H), 3.50 (t, J=12.72 Hz, 2H), 3.84 (s, 6H), 4.70 (t, J=15.16 Hz, 2H),6.69 (m, 2H), 6.88 (d, J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 7.00 (d, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 7.23 (m,3H), 7.37 (d, J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 7.60 (s, 1H), 8.26 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 62(N-(2-(3-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)ureido)benzyl)acetamide)EIMS (m/z): 484 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.86 (m, 1H) 1.97 (s,3H), 2.10 (m, 3H), 2.96 (m, 1H), 3.51 (m, 2H), 4.35 (s, 2H), 4.69 (m,2H), 6.87 (d, J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 1H), 7.10 (t, J=7.58Hz, 1H), 7.26 (m, 4H), 7.36 (d, J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 7.58 (s, 1H), 7.64 (d,J=8.31 Hz, 1H), 8.25 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 63(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2-((dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 470 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 2.00 (m, 4H), 2.92 (m,4H), 3.29 (s, 6H), 3.51 (t, J=12.47 Hz, 2H), 6.88 (m, 1H), 7.06 (d,J=7.34 Hz, 1H), 7.14 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 1H), 7.30 (t, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 7.38(m, 2H), 7.48 (m, 2H), 7.54 (d, J=8.31 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (m, 1H), 8.27 (s,1H) ppm.

Cmpd 64(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 491 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 2.03 (m, 4H), 2.99 (t,J=11.25 Hz, 1H), 3.15 (s, 3H), 3.54 (m, 2H), 4.72 (d, J=12.23 Hz, 2H),6.89 (d, J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 7.08 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 1H), 7.31 (m, 3H), 7.38 (d,J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 7.66 (m, 2H), 7.92 (d, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 8.16 (d, J=8.80Hz, 1H), 8.28 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 65(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2-cyanophenyl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 438 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.89 (t, J=12.72 Hz,1H), 2.05 (m, 2H), 2.23 (d, J=12.72 Hz, 1H), 3.12 (m, 1H), 3.53 (m, 2H),4.76 (d, J=12.72 Hz, 2H), 6.88 (d, J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (m, 2H), 7.45(t, J=7.83 Hz, 2H), 7.53 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 1H), 7.68 (m, 2H), 7.92 (t,J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 8.31 (m, 2H) ppm.

Cmpd 66(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(3-methylisoxazol-5-yl)urea)EIMS (m/z): 418 (M+1); 1H NMR (CD3OD, 400 MHz): □ 2.00 (m, 4H), 2.22 (m,3H), 2.97 (t, J=10.76 Hz, 1H), 3.52 (m, 2H), 4.69 (m, 2H), 6.00 (s, 1H),6.87 (s, 1H), 7.07 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (m, 2H), 7.36 (s, 1H), 7.57(s, 1H), 8.26 (m, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 67(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylthiourea)was prepared utilizing a similar protocol used for the preparation ofcmpd 8.3 except phenyl isocyanate was replaced with phenylisothiocyanate. EIMS (m/z): 429 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.99(m, 4H), 2.97 (d, J=10.76 Hz, 1H), 3.48 (m, 2H), 4.71 (d, J=13.21 Hz,2H), 6.85 (d, J=2.93 Hz, 1H), 7.19 (t, J=7.09 Hz, 1H), 7.25 (d, J=7.83Hz, 1H), 7.32 (m, 5H), 7.41 (m, 2H), 7.57 (s, 1H), 8.24 (s, 1H) ppm.

Example 9

Scheme 9 shows an exemplary synthesis of compounds incorporating asulfonamide linkage in the pendant side chain moiety.

Cmpd 68(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)benzenesulfonamide)To a solution of amine (1 mmol) 6.3 in THF (10 mL) was added sulfonylchloride (1.3 mmol) and Et₃N (2 mmol). The solution was stirred at RTfor 12 h. Diluted with water and EtOAc, the organic phase was separated,washed with NaHCO₃, water, dried (Na₂SO₄) and concentrated in vacuo toafford a residue, which was purified by column chromatography to affordcompound 9.1. A mixture of compound 9.1 (0.2 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (1.0 mmol)in MeOH (2 mL) and water (0.5 mL) was stirred at 65° C. for 6 h. Thesolvent was removed, the residue was diluted with water and EtOAc, andthe organic phase was separated, dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered andconcentrated in vacuo. The crude material was purified by reverse phasechromatography C₁₈ column and 10% acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFAto afford compound 68. ¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 10.31 (s, 1H), 8.33(s, 1H), 7.77 (d, J=7.07 Hz, 2H), 7.61 (d, J=7.07 Hz, 1H), 7.52-7.59 (m,2H), 7.43 (br. s., 1H), 7.17-7.25 (m, 1H), 7.06 (s, 1H), 7.02 (d, J=8.09Hz, 1H), 6.97 (d, J=8.09 Hz, 1H), 6.73 (br. s., 1H), 4.45-4.69 (m, 2H),3.23-3.43 (m, 2H), 2.79 (t, J=11.12 Hz, 1H), 1.90 (d, J=10.61 Hz, 2H),1.64-1.82 (m, 2H).

Example 10

Scheme 10 shows an exemplary synthesis of compounds having acyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione moiety.

Cmpd 69(3-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenylamino)-4-(phenylamino)cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione)A solution of amine 6.3 (0.22 mg, 0.5 mmol) and3,4-dimethoxycyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione (71 mg, 0.5 mmol, Cmpd 10.1) inMeOH (10 mL) was heated to 75° for 12 h. The reaction was concentratedunder reduced pressure to afford a residue, which was purified by columnchromatography (gradient hexane-EtOAc) to afford compound 10.2. To asolution of vinyl ether 10.2 (35 mg, 0.06 mmol) in acetonitrile (3 mL)was added aniline (10.0 mg, 0.11 mmol), DIEA (22 uL, 0.12 mmol) and DMAP(4 mg, 0.03 mmol). The mixture was heated at 75° C. for 12 h while beingmonitored by LC/MS. The reaction was concentrated in vacuo and dissolvedin EtOAc. The organic phase was washed with water, 10% citric acid, aqNaHCO₃ and brine, and then dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated invacuo to afford a residue which was purified by reverse phasechromatography C₁₈ column and 10% acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFAto give compound 10.3. A solution of compound 10.3 in MeOH/water (4:1,2.5 mL) was treated with K₂CO₃ (19 mg, 0.14 mol) and heated to 65° C.while being monitored by LC/MS. The solution was concentrated in vacuoto afford a residue which was dissolved in EtOAc and washed with water,10% critic acid, NaHCO₃, brine, dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered andconcentrated in vacuo to afford an residue, which was purified byreverse phase chromatography C₁₈ column and 10% acetonitrile/watercontaining 0.1% TFA to give compound 69. ¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ12.41 (br. s., 1H), 10.07 (d, J=12.80 Hz, 2H), 8.32 (s, 1H), 7.46-7.60(m, 4H), 7.30-7.46 (m, 7H), 7.09 (t, J=7.40 Hz, 3H), 6.77 (br. s., 1H),4.70 (d, J=13.80 Hz, 2H), 3.23-3.46 (m, 2H), 2.90 (br. s., 1H),1.60-2.11 (m, 4H).

Additional compounds useful in the methods and compositions describedherein were synthesized by the method of Scheme 10 by substituting theappropriate reagent, for example the appropriately substituted aniline.See also Table 1.

Cmpd 70(3-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenylamino)-4-(4-chlorophenylamino)cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.41 (br. s., 1H), 10.07 (d, J=12.80 Hz,2H), 8.32 (s, 1H), 7.48-7.56 (m, 4H), 7.33-7.43 (m, 7H), 6.77 (br. s.,1H), 4.70 (d, J=13.80 Hz, 2H), 3.25-3.44 (m, 2H), 2.90 (br. s., 1H),2.07 (s, 1H), 1.81-2.00 (m, 3H), 1.63-1.80 (m, 1H).

Cmpd 71(3-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenylamino)-4-(3-chlorophenylamino)cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.41 (br. s., 1H), 10.07 (d, J=12.80 Hz,2H), 8.32 (s, 1H), 7.46-7.63 (m, 4H), 7.32-7.46 (m, 6H), 7.01-7.20 (m,3H), 6.77 (br. s., 1H), 4.70 (d, J=13.80 Hz, 2H), 3.20-3.46 (m, 2H),2.90 (br. s., 1H), 2.07 (s, 4H).

Cmpd 72(3-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenylamino)-4-(methylamino)cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.47 (br. s., 1H), 9.78 (br. s., 1H), 8.32(s, 1H), 7.60 (br. s., 1H), 7.20-7.52 (m, 6H), 7.02 (d, J=7.53 Hz, 2H),6.79 (d, J=1.51 Hz, 2H), 4.66 (br. s., 2H), 3.29-3.47 (m, 2H), 3.23 (d,J=4.77 Hz, 3H), 2.79-2.98 (m, 1H), 1.79-2.11 (m, 3H), 1.53-1.80 (m, 1H).

Cmpd 73(3-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenylamino)-4-(tert-butylamino)cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.40 (br. s., 1H), 9.74 (s, 1H), 8.31 (s,1H), 7.94 (s, 1H), 7.50 (s, 1H), 7.26-7.43 (m, 3H), 6.95-7.10 (m, 1H),6.77 (br. s., 1H), 4.67 (br. s., 2H), 3.36 (br. s., 2H), 2.79-3.00 (m,1H), 1.80-2.10 (m, 3H), 1.71 (d, J=12.30 Hz, 1H), 1.44 (s, 9H).

Example 11

Scheme 11 shows an exemplary synthesis of compounds having acyanoguanidine moiety in the pendant side chain.

Cmpd 74((E)-1-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-2-cyano-3-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)guanidine).To a solution of 2,6-dichloro-aniline (162 mg, 0.1 mmol, compound 11.2)in DMF (3 mL) was added NaH (40 mg, 60% in mineral oil, 1.00 mmol) andthe resulting suspension was stirred at RT for 15 min. Diphenylcyanocarbonimidate (286 mg, 1.2 mmol, Cmpd 11.1) was added, and thereaction mixture was heated to 50° C. for 3 h. The reaction mixture wasdiluted with 0.1 N HCl and extracted with EtOAc. The organic phase wasseparated, washed with water, dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentratedin vacuo to afford a solid, which was purified by column chromatography(gradient Hexane-EtOAc) to afford compound 11.3. A mixture of phenylN′-cyano-N-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)carbamimidate (50.0 mg, 0.16 mmol) andamine 6.3 (73 mg, 0.16 mol) in DMF (1.5 mL) was heated in a microwave to160° C. for 20 min. The reaction was diluted with EtOAc and washed with10% citric acid, aq NaHCO₃, water, dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered andconcentrated in vacuo to afford compound 11.4, which was used in thesubsequent step without further purification. A mixture of compound 11.4(0.2 mmol), K₂CO₃ (1.0 mmol) in MeOH (2 mL), and water (0.5 mL) wasstirred at 65° C. for 6 h. The solvent was removed, and the residue wasdiluted with water and EtOAc. The organic phase was separated, dried(Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude material waspurified by reverse phase chromatography C₁₈ column and 10%acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFA to afford to give compound 74.LC/MS. ¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.47 (br. s., 1H), 9.44 (s, 1H),9.35 (s, 1H), 8.32 (s, 1H), 7.56 (d, J=8.03 Hz, 3H), 7.28-7.48 (m, 6H),7.10-7.30 (m, 3H), 6.77 (br. s., 1H), 4.65 (br. s., 2H), 3.27-3.45 (m,2H), 2.89 (br. s., 1H), 1.46-2.14 (m, 4H).

Additional compounds useful in the methods and compositions describedherein were synthesized by the method of Scheme 11 by substituting theamine in the first step as appropriate for the resulting compounds.

Cmpd 75((Z)-1-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-2-cyano-3-cyclohexylguanidine)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.47 (br. s., 1H), 8.99 (s, 1H), 8.33 (s,1H), 7.28-7.44 (m, 3H), 7.20 (s, 1H), 7.04-7.15 (m, 3H), 6.78 (d, J=1.25Hz, 1H), 4.66 (br. s., 3H), 3.65 (br. s., 1H), 3.38 (br. s., 3H), 2.87(br. s., 1H), 1.47-2.10 (m, 10H), 1.28 (t, J=10.29 Hz, 4H), 1.09 (br.s., 1H).

Cmpd 76((E)-1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-2-cyano-3-(cyclohexylmethyl)guanidine)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.47 (br. s., 1H), 8.99 (s, 1H), 8.30-8.44(m, 1H), 7.02-7.44 (m, 6H), 6.78 (d, J=1.25 Hz, 1H), 4.66 (br. s., 2H),3.65 (br. s., 1H), 3.38 (br. s., 2H), 3.21 (d, J=1.24 Hz, 2H), 2.87 (br.s., 1H), 1.49-2.07 (m, 10H), 1.28 (t, J=10.29 Hz, 4H), 1.09 (br. s.,1H).

Cmpd 77((E)-1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-2-cyano-3-methylguanidine)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.45 (br. s., 1H), 8.90 (br. s., 1H), 8.32(s, 1H), 7.09-7.47 (m, 9H), 6.77 (br. s., 1H), 4.66 (br. s., 2H),3.29-3.44 (m, 2H), 2.87 (d, J=3.51 Hz, 1H), 2.80 (d, J=4.52 Hz, 3H),1.80-2.07 (m, 3H), 1.60-1.79 (m, 1H).

Cmpd 78((Z)-1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-tert-butyl-2-cyanoguanidine)1H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.53 (br. s., 1H), 9.01 (s, 1H), 8.34 (s,1H), 7.36-7.45 (m, 1H), 7.25-7.36 (m, 1H), 6.96-7.17 (m, 3H), 6.67-6.86(m, 2H), 4.65 (br. s., 2H), 3.28-3.48 (m, 2H), 2.76-2.94 (m, 1H),1.79-2.05 (m, 3H), 1.61-1.79 (m, 1H), 1.24-1.43 (m, 9H).

Example 12

Scheme 12 shows an exemplary synthesis of compounds having a substitutedaryl as A¹. In this scheme, a dioxaboralanyl pyridine is conjugated withan appropriately substituted aryl amine before protection andhydrogenation of the pyridine to form the piperidine. The resultantprotected aryl piperidine then undergoes covalent bond formation betweenthe piperidinyl nitrogen and the protected heteroaryl moiety. Thependant side chain is then elaborated before final deprotection andpurification.

Cmpd 12.3 (tert-butyl 4-methyl-3-(pyridin-3-yl)phenylcarbamate). To ahigh pressure vessel was added3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-pyridine (0.5 g, 2mmol), 5-bromo-2-methyl-phenylamine (0.63 g, 3.4 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine) palladium(0) (0.26 g, 0.23 mmol), 1 M of sodiumcarbonate in water (6.8 mL, 6.8 mmol), and DME (20 mL, 200 mmol). Thereaction was heated for 12 h at 80° C. The reaction was cooled to RT anddiluted with EtOAc and water. The organic phase was separated, dried(Na₂SO₄) and concentrated in vacuo to afford an oil, which was purifiedby column to afford the resulting compound, which was used withoutfurther purification. A solution of 4-methyl-3-pyridin-3-yl-phenylamine(0.4 g, 0.002 mol) in CH₂Cl₂ (10 mL, 0.2 mol) was treated withdi-tert-butyldicarbonate (0.52 g, 0.0024 mol) and DIEA (0.31 g, 0.0024mol), stirred at RT for 3 h, and quenched with water (40 mL). Theorganic phase was washed with sat. NaHCO₃, brine and dried (Na₂SO₄),filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford an oil. This oil waspurified by silica gel (CH₂Cl₂-MeOH 0.1% Et₃N) to afford the namedcompound (0.37 g, 66%). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ 8.53 (d, J=3.03 Hz,1H), 7.64 (d, J=8.09 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (dd, J=5.56, 7.58 Hz, 1H), 7.25 (s,1H), 7.10-7.18 (m, 3H), 6.40 (br. s., 1H), 2.14 (s, 3H), 1.44 (s, 9H).EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₁₇H₂₁O₂N₂ (M+H) 284. found 284.

Cmpd 12.4 (tert-Butyl 4-methyl-3-(piperidin-3-yl)phenylcarbamate). To asolution of (4-methyl-3-pyridin-3-yl-phenyl)-carbamic acid tert-butylester (160 mg, 0.55 mmol) in acetic acid (6 mL, 0.1 mol) was added 5%platinum on carbon (120 mg, 0.61 mmol). The resultant mixture was placedunder an atmosphere of hydrogen at 150 psi and stirred for 48 h at 100°C. After cooling the reaction mixture to RT, it was filtered andconcentrated in vacuo. The crude material was dissolved in EtOAc andwashed with sat. NaHCO₃. The organic phase was separated, dried (Na₂SO₄)and concentrated in vacuo to afford an oil. The crude material was usedwithout further purification. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ 7.16 (s, 1H),6.98 (s, 2H), 6.33 (br. s., 1H), 3.04-3.17 (m, 2H), 2.86-2.97 (m, 1H),2.57-2.70 (m, 2H), 2.23 (s, 2H), 1.72-1.91 (m, 4H), 1.44 (s, 9H). EIMS(m/z): calcd. for C₁₇H₂₇O₂N₂ (M+1H) 291. found 291.

Cmpd 12.5 (Tert-butyl4-methyl-3-(1-(7-tosyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenylcarbamate).To a solution of (4-methyl-3-piperidin-3-yl-phenyl)-carbamic acidtert-butyl ester (0.050 g, 0.17 mmol) in DMF (0.7551 g, 10.33 mmol) wasadded 4-chloro-7-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (0.058g, 0.19 mmol) and Et₃N (0.035 g, 0.34 mmol). The solution was heated to110° C. for 12 h, cooled to RT, and diluted with water and EtOAc. Theorganic phase was separated, washed with brine, water, dried (Na₂SO₄),filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford an oil. The oil waspurified by silica gel chromatography (gradient Hexane-EtOAc) to affordthe named compound (72% yield). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ 8.42 (s, 1H),8.06-8.12 (m, 2H), 8.04 (s, 1H), 7.48 (d, J=4.04 Hz, 1H), 7.36-7.43 (m,1H), 7.31 (d, J=7.58 Hz, 2H), 7.07-7.13 (m, 1H), 7.05 (d, J=2.02 Hz,1H), 6.56 (d, J=4.55 Hz, 1H), 6.40-6.49 (m, 1H), 4.66-4.81 (m, 2H),3.03-3.20 (m, 2H), 2.41 (s, 3H), 2.28 (s, 3H), 1.99-2.09 (m, 1H),1.70-1.98 (m, 3H), 1.54 (s, 8H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₃₀H₃₅O₄N₅S(M+1H) 562. found 562.

Cmpd 79(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-4-methylphenyl)-3-phenylurea)To a solution of(4-methyl-3-{1-[7-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]-piperidin-3-yl}-phenyl)-carbamicacid tert-butyl ester (0.08 g, 0.1 mmol) was added 4 N HCl in dioxane (2mL, 10 mmol), and the solution was allowed to stir at RT for 3 h. Thereaction was concentrated in vacuo to afford a solid which was used without further purification. To a solution of2-methoxy-5-{1-[7-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]-piperidin-3-yl}-phenylamine(0.04 g, 0.08 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (3 mL, 40 mmol) was added phenylisocyanate (0.012 g, 0.10 mmol), DIEA (0.03 g, 0.2 mmol) and stirred for12 h at RT. The solution was concentrated in vacuo to afford an oil,which was then dissolved in MeOH (0.3 mL, 0.008 mol) and water (0.038mL, 0.0021 mol) and treated with K₂CO₃ (0.08 g, 0.8 mmol) at 60° C. for4 h. The solution was concentrated in vacuo to afford a solid, which waspurified by reverse phase chromatography C₁₈ column and 10%acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFA to afford the named compound. ¹HNMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 8.63 (s, 1H), 8.58 (s, 1H), 8.21 (s, 1H),7.45-7.48 (m, 2H), 7.44 (s, 1H), 7.25-7.30 (m, 3H), 7.20 (d, J=2.02 Hz,1H), 7.18 (d, J=2.02 Hz, 1H), 7.09 (d, J=8.09 Hz, 1H), 6.93-6.99 (m,1H), 6.61 (br. s., 1H), 4.68-4.78 (m, 2H), 3.27 (br. s., 2H), 3.11 (br.s., 1H), 2.90-2.99 (m, 1H), 2.24 (s, 3H), 1.65-1.98 (m, 4H). EIMS (m/z):calcd. for C₂₅H₂₇O₁N₆(M+1H) 427. found 427.

By appropriate substitution of reagents in Scheme 12, the followingadditional compounds were synthesized. See also Table 1.

Cmpd 80(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-4-methylphenyl)benzamide)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 8.19 (s, 1H), 7.97 (d, J=7.07 Hz, 2H), 7.76(d, J=2.02 Hz, 1H), 7.59 (t, J=7.83 Hz, 2H), 7.51-7.56 (m, 2H), 7.27 (s,2H), 7.16 (d, J=8.59 Hz, 1H), 7.14 (s, 2H), 6.56 (br. s., 1H), 4.78 (d,J=12.63 Hz, 2H), 3.21 (t, J=12.13 Hz, 1H), 3.01-3.10 (m, 1H), 2.91-3.00(m, 1H), 2.29 (s, 3H), 1.78-2.00 (m, 3H), 1.65-1.76 (m, 1H). EIMS (m/z):calcd. for C₂₅H₂₆O₁N₅(M+1H) 412. found 412.

Cmpd 81(1-(5-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-2-methylphenyl)-3-phenylurea)¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.03 (s, 1H), 7.58 (d, J=2.02 Hz, 1H), 7.34(d, J=7.58 Hz, 2H), 7.18 (t, J=7.83 Hz, 2H), 7.08 (d, J=8.09 Hz, 1H),7.01 (d, J=3.54 Hz, 1H), 6.85-6.96 (m, 2H), 6.48 (d, J=3.54 Hz, 1H),4.68-4.78 (m, 2H), 3.01-3.16 (m, 2H), 2.67-2.81 (m, 1H), 2.19 (s, 3H),2.00 (d, J=9.60 Hz, 1H), 1.76-1.89 (m, 2H), 1.59-1.74 (m, 1H). EIMS(m/z): calcd. for C₂₅H₂₇O₁N₆(M+1H) 427. found 427.

Cmpd 82(N-(5-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-2-methylphenyl)benzamide)¹H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz): δ 8.16 (s, 1H), 7.99 (s, 1H), 7.82 (d, J=7.07Hz, 2H), 7.63 (s, 1H), 7.40-7.57 (m, 3H), 7.02 (d, J=3.54 Hz, 1H),6.91-6.98 (m, 1H), 6.48 (d, J=3.54 Hz, 1H), 4.90 (br. s., 2H), 3.20 (s,2H), 2.83 (br. s., 1H), 2.27 (s, 2H), 2.10 (br. s., 1H), 1.91 (br. s.,2H), 1.71 (s, 1H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₅H₂₆O₁N₅ (M+1H) 412. found412.

Cmpd 83(1-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 9.18 (s, 1H), 8.94 (s, 1H), 8.71 (s, 1H),8.34 (s, 1H), 7.86 (s, 1H), 7.61 (s, 1H), 7.40-7.50 (m, 4H), 7.23-7.35(m, 4H), 6.91-7.03 (m, 2H), 6.82 (br. s., 1H), 4.65 (br. s., 2H), 3.44(br. s., 2H), 2.99 (br. s., 1H), 1.85-2.07 (m, 3H), 1.73 (d, J=11.80 Hz,1H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₅H₂₄F₃O₁N₆ (M+1H) 481. found 481.

Cmpd 84(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)benzamide)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 8.26 (s, 1H), 8.08 (s, 1H), 8.03 (s, 1H),7.85-7.97 (m, 2H), 7.54-7.60 (m, 1H), 7.47-7.53 (m, 2H), 7.41 (s, 1H),7.33 (d, J=2.76 Hz, 1H), 6.74 (br. s., 1H), 4.62 (br. s., 2H), 3.35 (br.s., 2H), 2.95 (d, J=4.27 Hz, 1H), 1.95-2.03 (m, 1H), 1.83-1.93 (m, 2H),1.68 (br. s., 1H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₅H₂₂F₃O₁N₅ (M+1H) 466. found466.

Cmpd 85(N-(5-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)benzamide)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.61 (br. s., 1H), 10.23 (s, 1H), 8.36 (s,1H), 7.91-8.03 (m, 2H), 7.51-7.73 (m, 4H), 7.30-7.50 (m, 3H), 6.85 (d,J=1.51 Hz, 1H), 4.64 (br. s., 2H), 3.34-3.55 (m, 2H), 2.90-3.09 (m, 1H),1.81-2.12 (m, 3H), 1.61-1.82 (m, 1H).

Cmpd 86(N-(5-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-2-chlorobenzamide)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.67 (br. s., 1H), 10.43 (s, 1H), 8.38 (s,1H), 7.83 (s, 1H), 7.11-7.68 (m, 10H), 6.87 (br. s., 1H), 4.64 (br. s.,2H), 3.49 (br. s., 2H), 2.98 (br. s., 1H), 1.62-2.12 (m, 4H).

Cmpd 87(N-(5-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.55 (br. s., 1H), 9.60 (s, 1H), 8.34 (s,1H), 7.80 (d, J=2.01 Hz, 1H), 7.30-7.48 (m, 2H), 7.23 (dd, J=2.26, 8.53Hz, 1H), 6.81 (br. s., 1H), 4.41-4.76 (m, 2H), 3.34-3.50 (m, 2H),2.80-3.00 (m, 1H), 1.51-2.11 (m, 10H), 1.19-1.53 (m, 6H).

Cmpd 88(N-(5-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-2,6-dichlorobenzamide)Co¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.42 (br. s., 1H), 10.62 (s, 1H), 8.26(s, 1H), 7.83 (d, J=2.26 Hz, 1H), 7.19-7.66 (m, 8H), 6.75 (br. s., 1H),4.57 (br. s., 2H), 3.38 (br. s., 2H), 2.82-3.00 (m, 1H), 1.54-2.05 (m,5H).

Cmpd 89(N-(5-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-2-fluorobenzamide)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.48 (br. s., 1H), 10.16 (d, J=3.01 Hz,1H), 8.33 (s, 1H), 7.89 (s, 1H), 7.71 (td, J=1.76, 7.53 Hz, 1H),7.54-7.67 (m, 1H), 7.30-7.53 (m, 5H), 6.81 (d, J=1.51 Hz, 1H), 4.66 (br.s., 2H), 3.28-3.50 (m, 2H), 2.84-3.06 (m, 1H), 2.03 (br. s., 1H),1.82-2.00 (m, 2H), 1.61-1.80 (m, 1H).

Cmpd 90(N-(5-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-2-chloro-6-fluorobenzamide)¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.55 (br. s., 1H), 10.71 (s, 1H), 8.35 (s,1H), 7.86 (d, J=2.26 Hz, 1H), 7.26-7.70 (m, 6H), 6.84 (d, J=1.51 Hz,1H), 4.64 (br. s., 2H), 3.46 (t, J=12.05 Hz, 2H), 3.00 (br. s., 1H),1.82-2.14 (m, 3H), 1.60-1.82 (m, 1H).

Example 13

Like Scheme 8, exemplary synthesis Scheme 13 incorporates a heteroarylfunctionality after the pendant side chain. Scheme 13 demonstratesalternative heteroaryl functionalities. Scheme 13 uses a mixture ofamine (e.g., 0.25 mmol) and aryl-Cl (e.g., 0.25 mmol) in DIEA (1.5 mmol)and DMF (1 mL) may be stirred at 80° C. or 100° C. for 4 h.Subsequently, the reaction mixture may be concentrated in vacuo toafford a residue, which is purified by reverse phase chromatography C₁₈column and 10% acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFA to afford thecompounds.

By employing the appropriate reagents, the following compounds useful inthe methods and compositions described herein can be synthesized. Seealso Table 1.

Cmpd 91(1-(3-(1-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea)EIMS (m/z): 414 (M+1); 1H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 2.04 (m, 4H) 2.90 (s,1H) 3.68 (m, 2H) 4.56 (s, 1H) 5.28 (s, 1H) 7.00 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 2H) 7.24(m, 4H) 7.41 (t, J=8.56 Hz, 2H) 7.54 (s, 1H) 8.47 (m, 1H) 8.91 (s, 1H)ppm.

Cmpd 92(N-(6-(3-(3-(3-phenylureido)phenyl)piperidin-1-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl)acetamide)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₄H₂₆N₆O₂ (M⁺+1) 431.21. found 431.25. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 10.66 (s, 1H), 8.68 (s, 2H), 8.32 (s, 1H),7.43˜7.45 (m, 3H), 7.24˜7.28 (m, 5H), 6.91˜6.97 (m, 2H), 4.33 (m, 2H),3.30 (t, J=12.2 Hz, 2H), 2.65 (t, J=11.3 Hz, 1H), 2.09 (s, 3H),1.94˜1.97 (m, 1H), 1.76˜1.85 (m, 2H), 1.52˜1.58 (m, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 93(1-(3-(1-(7-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₅H₂₅N₆O (M⁺+1) 427.22. found 427.20. ¹H NMR(CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 8.24 (s, 1H), 7.58 (s, 1H), 7.41 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 2H),7.37 (d, J=3.4 Hz, 1H), 7.20˜7.29 (m, 3H), 7.00 (d, J=7.3 Hz, 2H), 6.86(d, J=3.4 Hz, 1H), 1.86 (m, 2H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 3.47˜3.55 (m, 2H), 2.96(m, 1H), 1.84˜2.13 (m, 4H) ppm.

Cmpd 94(1-(3-(1-(6-aminopyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₃H₂₅N₅O (M⁺+2) 389.21. found 389.25. ¹H NMR(CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 7.59 (m, 1H) 8.17 (s, 1H), 7.43 (d, J=7.83 Hz, 2H),7.29 (m, 3H) 7.18 (d, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (m, 2H), 5.87 (s, 1H), 3.63(t, J=5.87 Hz, 1H), 3.16 (m, 2H), 2.78 (m, 1H), 1.90 (m, 3H), 2.09 (d,J=11.74 Hz, 1H), 1.64 (dd, J=13.69, 6.85 Hz, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 95(1-(3-(1-(6-(methylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₃H₂₆N₆O (M⁺+1) 403.22. found 403.45. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 8.71 (s, 2H), 8.25 (s, 1H), 7.43˜7.48 (m, 3H),7.24˜7.29 (m, 4H), 6.9˜36.97 (m, 2H), 5.84 (s, 1H), 3.53 (m, 2H),3.09˜3.11 (m, 2H), 2.84 (d, J=3.9 Hz, 3H), 1.9˜22.03 (m, 2H), 1.72˜1.87(m, 2H) ppm.

Cmpd 96(1-(3-(1-(6-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₄H₂₄N₆O₂ (M⁺+1) 429.20. found 429.40. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 10.98 (s, 1H), 8.65 (m, 2H), 8.19 (s, 1H), 7.44(d, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.39 (s, 1H), 7.21˜7.31 (m, 4H), 6.92˜6.97 (m, 2H),4.44 (m, 2H), 3.70 (m, 2H), 2.98 (m, 2H), 2.68 (m, 1H), 1.94˜1.96 (m,1H), 1.73˜1.82 (m, 2H), 1.54˜1.59 (m, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 97(1-(3-(1-(6-Amino-5-methoxypyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₆H₂₆N₆O₂ (M⁺+1) 419.21. found 419.15. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 8.72 (s, 2H), 8.09 (s, 1H), 7.55 (m, 2H), 7.49 (s,1H), 7.44 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.22˜7.29 (m, 4H), 6.91˜6.97 (m, 2H), 4.62(m, 2H), 3.59 (s, 3H), 3.09 (t, J=12.0 Hz, 2H), 2.76 (t, J=11.3 Hz, 1H),1.95˜1.98 (m, 1H), 1.74˜1.87 (m, 2H), 1.62˜1.68 (m, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 98(1-(3-(1-(6-Amino-5-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₃H₂₆N₆O (M⁺+1) 403.22. found 403.20. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 8.73 (s, 2H), 8.25 (s, 1H), 7.63 (s, 2H), 7.49 (s,1H), 7.44 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.22˜7.28 (m, 4H), 6.91˜6.97 (m, 2H), 3.94(m, 2H), 3.09 (t, J=12.2 Hz, 2H), 2.79 (m, 1H), 1.97 (s, 4H), 1.93˜1.86(m, 1H), 1.64˜1.76 (m, 2H) ppm.

Cmpd 99(1-(3-(1-(6-Amino-5-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₂H₂₃ClN₆O (M⁺+1) 423.16. found 423.45. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 8.68 (s, 2H), 8.07 (s, 1H), 7.43˜7.44 (m, 3H),7.20˜7.28 (m, 6H), 6.9˜06.97 (m, 2H), 4.19 (t, J=12.7 Hz, 2H), 2.95 (t,J=12.0 Hz, 2H), 2.82 (m, 1H), 1.95 (m, 1H), 1.81 (m, 1H), 1.65˜1.73 (m,2H) ppm.

Cmpd 100(1-(3-(1-(3-Bromo-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea)EIMS (m/z): 493 (M+1); 1H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.92 (m, 2H) 2.02 (m,1H) 2.14 (m, 1H) 3.02 (m, 1H) 3.39 (m, 2H) 4.73 (d, J=12.72 Hz, 2H) 7.01(d, J=4.40 Hz, 2H) 7.26 (m, 4H) 7.42 (d, J=7.83 Hz, 2H) 7.54 (s, 1H)8.33 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 101(1-(3-(1-(6-Amino-5-bromopyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₂H₂₃BrN₆O (M⁺+1) 467.11. found 467.10. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 8.68 (s, 2H), 8.10 (s, 1H), 7.43˜7.45 (m, 3H),7.30˜7.28 (m, 6H), 6.9˜16.97 (m, 2H), 4.12 (t, J=10.3 Hz, 2H), 2.93 (m,2H), 2.81 (m, 1H), 1.95 (m, 1H), 1.82 (m, 1H), 1.69˜1.71 (m, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 102(1-(3-(1-(6-Amino-5-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea)EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₃H₂₃N₇O (M⁺+1) 414.20. found 414.25. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 8.67 (s, 2H), 8.09 (s, 1H), 7.51 (br s, 1H),7.40˜7.45 (m, 2H), 7.21˜7.31 (m, 5H), 6.92˜6.97 (m, 2H), 4.64 (m, 2H),3.10 (t, J=12.2 Hz, 2H), 2.75 (t, J=11.2 Hz, 1H), 1.9˜1.98 (m, 1H),1.77˜1.83 (m, 2H), 1.55˜0.166 (m, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 103 (1-(3-(1-(9H-Purin-6-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea) ¹HNMR (d₆-DMSO, 300 MHz): δ 8.72 (d, J=2.27 Hz, 2H), 8.27 (s, 1H), 8.15(s, 1H), 7.42-7.50 (m, 3H), 7.21-7.36 (m, 5H), 7.10 (s, 1H), 6.91-7.00(m, 3H), 3.15 (br. s., 2H), 2.69-2.82 (m, 1H), 1.98 (br. s., 1H),1.76-1.93 (m, 2H), 1.57-1.72 (m, 1H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₃H₂₂N₇O(M+1H) 414. found 414.

Cmpd 104 ((E)-Methyl3-(4-amino-6-(3-(3-(3-phenylureido)phenyl)piperidin-1-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl)acrylate)To a solution of 1-phenyl-3-(3-piperidin-3-yl-phenyl)-urea (0.10 g, 0.34mmol) was added 3-(4-amino-6-chloro-pyrimidin-5-yl)-acrylic acid ethylester (0.10 g, 0.44 mmol) and DIEA (0.13 g, 1.0 mmol) in DMF (2 mL, 30mmol). The solution was heated at 60° C. for 12 h. The reaction wascooled to RT and was washed with water and EtOAc, the organic phase wasseparated, dried (Na₂SO₄), concentrated in vacuo to afford an oil whichwas then purified by reverse phase chromatography C₁₈ column and 10%acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFA to afford the named compound. ¹HNMR (d⁶-DMSO, 300 MHz): δ 8.68 (d, J=9.06 Hz, 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.50(d, J=16.24 Hz, 2H), 7.35-7.42 (m, 3H), 7.12-7.24 (m, 4H), 7.04 (s, 1H),6.79-6.94 (m, 2H), 6.12 (d, J=16.24 Hz, 1H), 4.11 (q, J=7.05 Hz, 2H),3.91 (d, J=8.69 Hz, 2H), 2.99 (t, J=12.09 Hz, 2H), 2.64-2.79 (m, 1H),1.89 (d, J=10.58 Hz, 1H), 1.52-1.81 (m, 2H), 1.16 (t, J=7.18 Hz, 2H).EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₃H₃₁N₆O₃ (M+1H) 487. found 487.

Example 14

Scheme 14 shows an exemplary synthesis of compounds containing abenzoimidazole moiety in the pendant side chain.

Cmpd 14.2

To a solution of ketone 14.1 (25 mmol) in dry THF (40 mL) was added LDA(2.0 M in heptane/THF/ethylbenzene, 35 mmol) at −78° C. After stirringat −78° C. for 30 min, a solution of N-phenyltriflimide (30 mmol) in dryTHF (20 mL) was added. The resulting mixture was slowly warmed to RTwhere it was stirred overnight. The reaction was quenched upon theaddition of sat. aq. NH₄Cl. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo, andthe residue was diluted with EtOAc (200 mL). The mixture was washed withsat. aq. NH₄Cl and brine, respectively. The organic layer was dried(Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo and the residue waspurified by column chromatography to give compound 14.2 in 45% yield.

Cmpd 14.3

A mixture of triflic ether 14.2 (2 mmol), 3-amino-4-nitrophenyl boronicacid (2.2 mmol) in 2.0 M aq. Na₂CO₃ (2.5 mL), and DME (10 mL) wasflushed with N₂ for several min. Subsequently, Pd(PPh₃)₄ (0.04 mmol) wasadded. After stirring at 100° C. overnight, the reaction mixture wasconcentrated. The residue was diluted with water and extracted withEtOAc. The extract was washed with brine and dried (Na₂SO₄), filteredand concentrated in vacuo to afford a residue, which was purified bycolumn chromatography to give compound 14.3 in 25% yield.

Cmpd 14.4

A mixture of compound 14.3 (0.5 mmol) and 10% Pd/C (100 mg) in MeOH (10mL) was stirred under an atmosphere of H₂ at RT overnight. The reactionmixture was filtered through Celite®545. The filtrate was concentratedin vacuo, and the residue was purified by column chromatography to giveamine 14.4 in 90% yield.

Cmpd 14.5

To a solution of compound 14.4 (0.25 mmol) in Et₃N (0.5 mmol) and THF(1.5 mL) was added phenyl thioisocyanate (0.25 mmol). The reactionmixture was stirred at RT for several hours. Subsequently, the reactionmixture was treated with DCC (0.25 mmol) and stirred at 60° C. for 2 h.The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo, and the residue waspurified by preparative TLC to give compound 14.5 in 92% yield.

Cmpd 105(6-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-N-phenyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-amine).A mixture of compound 14.5 (0.2 mmol) in 4.0 N HCl in 1,4-dioxane (4 mL)was stirred at RT for several hours. The reaction mixture wasconcentrated in vacuo to afford a residue, which was treated withcompound 2.2 (0.2 mmol) and DIEA (1.5 mmol) in DMF (1 mL). Afterstirring at 100° C. for 4 h, the solvent was reduced in vacuo, and theresidue was purified by reverse phase chromatography C₁₈ column and 10%acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFA to give compound 105. ¹H NMR(d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 13.00 (s, 1H), 12.30 (s, 1H), 11.03 (s, 1H), 8.28(s, 1H), 7.45˜7.53 (m, 4H), 7.25˜7.40 (m, 5H), 6.68 (s, 1H), 4.68 (m,2H), 3.35 (m, 2H), 2.97 (m, 1H), 2.00 (m, 1H), 1.90 (m, 2H), 1.71 (m,1H) ppm. EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₄H₂₃N₇ (M⁺+1) 410.20. found 410.20.

Example 15

Schemes 15-18 show exemplary syntheses of compounds containing differentthiazole moieties in the pendant side chain.

Cmpd 15.2

To a solution of amine 15.1 (10.7 g, 83.6 mmol) in CHCl₃ (150 mL) wasadded (Boc)₂O (19 g, 87 mmol). The mixture was stirred at RT overnight.The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give a white solid,which was recrystallized with hexane to afford compound 15.2 (17 g, 95%yield).

Cmpd 15.3

To a flask under nitrogen was added P₄S₁₀ (4.4 g, 1 mmol), THF (100 mL)and Na₂CO₃ (1.06 g, 1 mmol). The mixture was vigorously stirred for 15min after which time a solution of compound 15.2 (2.28 g, 1 mmol) in THF(200 mL) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at RT for 1.5 hand then diluted with 10% Na₃PO₄ (100 mL) and extracted with EtOAc(2×200 mL). The combined organic phases were washed with water, brine,dried (MgSO₄), filtrated and concentrated in vacuo to afford compound15.3 as a white solid (1.90 g, 80%).

Cmpd 15.6

To a solution of thioamide 15.3 (1.22 g 0.005 mmol) in acetone (20 mL)was added bromide 15.4 (980 mg, 0.005 mmol) and NaI (750 mg, 0.005mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 50° C. for 2 h, concentratedin vacuo to afford an oil which was purified via column chromatographyto afford compound 15.5 as a white solid (850 mg, 50%). The ethyl esterwas stirred in a mixture of MeOH (3 mL) and LiOH (1.0 M, 3 mL) for 3 h.The mixture was neutralized with 10% citric acid and extracted withdiethyl ether (2×100 mL). The organic phase was washed with water andbrine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give theacid (760 mg, 90%). A mixture of the thiazole carboxyl acid (0.5 mmol),DPPA (0.50 mmol), amine (1.0 mmol) and DIEA (2.0 mmol) in DMF (3 mL) wasstirred at 100° C. for 12 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated invacuo and the crude was purified by flash chromatography on silica gel(50% EtOAc in Hexane) to afford compound 15.6.

Cmpd 106(1-(2-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)thiazol-4-yl)-3-phenylurea).Compound 15.6 (0.25 mmol) was treated with HCl (4.0 M in dioxane) at RTfor 2 h. The resulting mixture was concentrated in vacuo to give thedeprotected amine, which was dissolved in DMF (2.0 mL) and treated witha solution of DIEA (0.5 mmol) and4-chloro-7-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (compound2.2, 0.5 mmol). The resulting solution was heated at 85° C. for 12 h,concentrated in vacuo, and the resulting residue was purified by reversephase chromatography C₁₈ column and 10% acetonitrile/water containing0.1% TFA to give compound 106. EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₁H₂₁N₇OS (M⁺)+1,420.54; ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.89-1.75 (m, 2H), 2.25 (m, 1H), 2.21(m, 4H), 2.37 (m, 1H), 3.48 (m, 1H), 3.83 (m, 1H), 4.52 (d, 1H), 4.80(d, 1H), 6.73 (s, 1H), 6.93 (m, 1H), 7.23 (m, 2H), 7.39 (d, 2H), 8.27(s, 1H), 8.72 (s, 1H), 9.40 (s, 1H) ppm.

Using the synthetic route described in Scheme 15, the followingcompounds were synthesized by appropriate reagent selection. See alsoTable 1.

Cmpd 107(1-(2-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)thiazol-4-yl)-3-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)urea).EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₅H₂₈N₈OS (M⁺)+1, 489.60; ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400MHz): δ 1.89 (m, 1H), 2.10 (m, 2H), 2.21 (m, 4H), 2.37 (m, 1H), 3.48 (m,1H), 3.68 (m, 4H), 3.83 (m, 1H), 4.52 (m, 1H), 7.03 (m, 1H), 7.20 (s,1H), 7.35 (s, 1H), 7.41 (m, 1H), 7.59 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 108(1-(2-(1-(6-amino-5-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)thiazol-4-yl)-3-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)urea).EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₃H₂₇ClN₈OS (M⁺)+1, 500.17; ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400MHz): δ 1.89 (m, 1H), 2.10 (m, 2H), 2.21 (m, 4H), 2.37 (m, 1H), 3.48 (m,1H), 3.68 (m, 4H), 3.83 (m, 1H), 4.30 (m, 1H), 4.60 (d, 1H), 7.05 (s,1H) 7.36 (broad, 2H), 7.45 (s, 1H), 7.60 (s, 1H), 8.09 (s, 1H) ppm

Cmpd 109(1-(2-(1-(6-amino-5-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)thiazol-4-yl)-3-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)urea).EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₄H₂₇N₉OS (M⁺)+1, 490.60; ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400MHz): δ 1.89 (m, 1H), 2.03 (m, 2H), 2.25 (m, 4H), 2.34-3.45 (m, 2H),3.60 (m, 1H), 3.76 (m, 4H), 4.69 (d, 1H), 4.97 (d, 1H), 7.14 (s, 1H),7.46 (broad, 2H), 7.68 (s, 1H), 8.13 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 110(1-(2-(1-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)thiazol-4-yl)-3-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)urea).EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₄H₂₇N₉OS (M⁺)+1, 490.60; ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400MHz): δ 1.90 (m, 1H), 2.12 (m, 2H), 2.19 (m, 4H), 2.38 (m, 1H), 3.45 (m,1H) 3.64 (m, 4H), 3.78 (m, 1H), 4.52 (m, 1H), 7.17 (s, 1H), 7.37 (broad,2H), 7.43 (s, 1H), 7.56 (d, 1H), 8.43 (s, 1H), 8.78 (s, 1H) ppm

Cmpd 111(1-(2-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)thiazol-4-yl)-3-(2,4-difluoro-6-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)urea).EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₅H₂₆F₂N₈OS (M⁺)+1, 525.19; ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400MHz): δ 1.89 (m, 5H), 2.10 (m, 2H), 2.37 (m, 1H), 3.37 (m, 4H), 3.93 (m,1H), 4.45 (d, 1H), 4.75 (d, 1H), 6.30 (m, 2H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 7.03 (s,1H), 7.33 (s, 1H), 8.26 (s, 1H) ppm

Cmpd 112(1-(2-(1-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)thiazol-4-yl)-3-(2,4-difluoro-6-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)urea).EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₄H₂₅F₂N₉OS (M⁺)+1, 526.19; ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400MHz): δ 1.95 (m, 5H), 2.12 (m, 2H), 2.35 (m, 1H), 3.37 (m, 4H), 3.93 (m,1H), 4.45 (d, 1H), 4.75 (d, 1H), 6.30 (m, 1H), 6.33 (s, 1H), 7.04 (s,1H), 8.45 (s, 1H), 8.81 (s, 1H) ppm

Cmpd 113(1-(2-(1-(6-amino-5-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)thiazol-4-yl)-3-(2,4-difluoro-6-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)urea).EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₄H₂₅F₂N₉OS (M⁺)+1, 526.19; ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400MHz): δ 1.83 (m, 1H), 1.93 (m, 4H), 2.03 (m, 2H), 2.32 (m, 1H), 3.40 (m,4H), 3.53 (m, 1H), 3.68 (m, 1H), 4.66 (d, 1H), 4.75 (d, 1H), 6.35-6.30(m, 3H), 7.03 (s, 1H), 8.14 (s, 1H) ppm

Cmpd 114(1-(2-(1-(6-amino-5-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)thiazol-4-yl)-3-(2,4-difluoro-6-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)urea).EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₃H₂₅ClF₂N₈OS (M⁺)+1, 534.15; ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400MHz): δ 1.81 (m, 1H), 1.93 (m, 4H), 1.99 (m, 2H), 2.30 (m, 1H), 3.39 (m,4H), 3.44 (m, 1H), 3.55 (m, 1H), 4.39 (d, 1H), 4.65 (d, 1H), 6.35-6.30(m, 3H), 7.03 (s, 1H), 8.12 (s, 1H) ppm

Example 16

Scheme 16 shows an exemplary synthesis of compounds containing adifferent thiazole moiety in the pendant side chain.

Cmpd 16.3

To a solution of aldehyde 16.1 (2.55 g) in CHCl₃ (50 mL) was added NCS(1.6 g) and L-proline (58 mg). The solution was stirred at 4° C. for 12h. The mixture was concentrated in vacuo, and the resultant residue waspurified by column chromatography (gradient 50% EtOAc in hexane) toafford compound 16.2. Alkyl halide 16.2 was treated with thiourea (1.1eq) in Ph-CH₃ at 110° C. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure,and the residue was purified by flash column chromatography (100% EtOAc)to afford compound 16.3.

Cmpd 16.4

To a solution of amine 16.3 (1 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was added phenylisocyanate (1 eq.), and the mixture was stirred at RT for 12 h. Thesolution was concentrated in vacuo, and the resulting residue waspurified by column chromatography (100% EtOAc) to afford the urea 16.4.

Cmpd 115(1-(5-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-3-phenylurea).The Cbz-protected compound 16.4 (1.0 mmol) was dissolved in acetonitrileat 0° C. followed dropwise addition of TMSI (2.0 eq.) and stirred at 0°C. for 3 h. The solvent was concentrated in vacuo, and the residue wasdissolved in water (10 mL) and washed with EtOAc. The aqueous phase wasconcentrated in vacuo to give the amine 16.5. To a solution of the aminein DMF (2.0 mL) was added DIEA (2 eq.) and4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (compound 2.2), and the mixture washeated at 85° C. for 12 h. The solution was concentrated in vacuo toafford a residue which was purified by reverse phase chromatography C₁₈column and 10% acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFA to yield compound115. EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₁H₂₁N₇OS (M⁺)+1, 420.54; ¹H NMR (CD₃OD,400 MHz): δ 1.89-1.75 (m, 2H), 2.25 (m, 1H), 2.21 (m, 4H), 2.37 (m, 1H),3.48 (m, 1H), 3.62 (m, 1H), 4.52 (d, 1H), 6.91 (s, 1H), 6.93 (m, 1H),7.32 (m, 3H), 7.23 (m, 2H), 7.47 (d, 1H), 7.40 (s, 1H), 8.32 (s, 1H) ppm

Example 17

Scheme 17 shows an exemplary synthesis of compounds containing adifferent thiazole moiety in the pendant side chain.

Cmpd 17.3

To a solution of acid 17.1 (6.1 g) in THF (30 mL) cooled to −20° C. wasadded NMM (2.55 mL) followed by the dropwise addition of IBCF (3.04 mL).The resulting mixture was allowed to warm to 0° C. and stirred for 1 hr.The resulting suspension was filtered, and the filtrate was collected,cooled to 0° C., and treated with a CH₂N₂ solution in ether (50 mL). Theabove solution of CH₂N₂ in ether was prepared from 13.7 g of1-methyl-3-nitro-nitrosoguanidine and 12.3 g of KOH in mixture of 100 mLof H₂O and ether (1:1). The mixture was stirred at RT for 12 h andquenched by the dropwise addition of 4.0 N HCl in dioxane (20 mL) at 0°C. The mixture was further stirred for 1 h. The organic phase was washedwith H₂O, brine and dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo.The resulting residue was purified by column chromatography (gradient30% EtOAc in hexane) to give compound 17.3 (4.5 g).

Cmpd 17.4

A mixture of halide 17.3 (1 mmol) and thiourea (1.1 eq.) in Ph-CH₃ wereheated to 110° C. for 12 h. The solvent was removed under reducedpressure, and the residue was purified by column chromatography (100%EtOAc) to give the amino thiazole 17.4.

Cmpd 17.5

To a solution of amino thiozale 17.4 (1 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) was addedphenyl isocyanate (1.1 mmol), and the mixture was stirred at RTovernight. The reaction was concentrated under reduced pressure, and theresidue purified by column chromatography (100% EtOAc) to afford theurea 17.5.

Cmpd 116(1-(4-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)thiazol-2-yl)-3-phenylurea(188). To a solution of Cbz-protected amine 17.5 (1.0 mmol) inacetonitrile cooled to 0° C. was added TMSI (2 eq.) dropwise. Themixture was further stirred at 0° C. for 3 h. The solvent was removedunder reduced pressure and the residue dissolved in water (10 mL). Theaqueous phase was washed with EtOAc. The aqueous phase was concentratedunder reduced pressure to give the amine 17.6. The amine 17.6 wasdissolved in DMF (2 mL) and treated with DIEA (2 eq.) and4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine. The mixture was heated at 85° C.for 12 h. The solution was concentrated in vacuo to afford a residue,which was purified by reverse phase chromatography C₁₈ column and 10%acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFA to yield the compound 116. EIMS(m/z): calcd. for C₂₁H₂₁N₇OS (M⁺)+1, 420.54; ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ1.89-1.75 (m, 2H), 2.00-2.10 (m, 1H), 2.28 (d, 1H) 3.11 (m, 1H), 3.58(m, 1H), 4.59 (d, 1H), 6.81 (s, 1H), 7.02 (s, 1H), 7.07 (m, 3H), 7.31(m, 2H), 7.37 (s, 1H), 8.28 (s, 1H) ppm.

Example 18

Scheme 18 shows an exemplary synthesis of compounds containing adifferent thiazole moiety in the pendant side chain.

Cmpd 18.1

To a solution of the unsaturated ester (1.44 g) in water and dioxane(1:1, 10 mL) was added NBS (1.95 g) at 0° C. After stirring at RT for 1h, the thioamide (1.22 g) was added, and the mixture was heated at 100°C. for 1 h. The solution was concentrated in vacuo, and the residuepurified by reverse phase column chromatography (50% EtOAc) to givethiazole 18.1.

Cmpd 18.2

The thiazole ethyl ester 18.1 (341 mg, 1.0 mmol) was dissolved in CH₃OH(3 mL), and aq. LiOH (1.0 M, 3 mL) was added. The mixture was stirredfor 3 h. The mixture was neutralized with 10% citric acid and extractedwith diethyl ether (2×100 mL). The organic phase was washed with H₂O,brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to give theacid (760 mg, 90%). A solution of the acid (0.5 mmol), DPPA (0.50 mmol),aniline (1.0 mmol) and DIEA (2.0 mmol) in DMF (3 mL) was heated to 100°C. for 12 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to affordcrude compound. The crude compound was purified by chromatography(gradient 50% EtOAc in hexane) to afford urea 18.2.

Cmpd 117(1-(2-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)thiazol-5-yl)-3-phenylurea).The urea 18.2 (0.25 mmol) was stirred in 4 N HCl in dioxane (2.5 mmol)at RT for 2 h. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and theresulting crude amine 18.3 was dissolved in DMF (2 mL) and treated withDIEA (2 eq.) and 4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine. The mixture washeated at 85° C. for 12 h, and the solution was concentrated in vacuo toafford a residue, which was purified by reverse phase chromatography C₁₈column and 10% acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFA to yield compound117. EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₁H₂₁N₇OS (M⁺)+1, 420.54; ¹H NMR (CD₃OD,400 MHz): δ 1.89-1.75 (m, 2H), 2.05 (m, 2H), 2.35 (m, 1H), 3.40 (m, 1H),3.66 (m, 1H), 4.52 (d, 1H), 4.80 (d, 1H), 6.90 (s, 1H), 7.05 (m, 1H),7.29 (m, 3H), 7.40 (m, 3H), 8.30 (s, 1H) ppm.

Example 19

Scheme 19 shows an exemplary synthesis of compounds having a pyridinemoiety in the pendant side chain.

Cmpd 14.1 (tert-Butyl 3-oxopiperidine-1-carboxylate)

A solution of LDA (7.0 mmol) was prepared from N,N-diisopropylamine(0.71 g, 7.0 mmol), 2.5 M of n-butyllithium in hexane (3.1 mL, 7.7 mmol)in THF (13 g, 170 mmol). The solution was cooled at −78° C., and3-oxo-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (1 g, 7 mmol) wasadded. After 15 min, a solution ofN-phenylbis(trifluoromethanesulphonimide) (2.8 g, 7.7 mmol) in THF (5mL) was added, and the solution was warmed slowly to RT overnight. Thesolution was quenched with the addition of 1 N NaHCO₃ and ether. Theorganic phase was separated, washed with brine, dried and concentratedin vacuo to afford an oil, which was purified by column chromatography(gradient hexane-EtOAc) to afford the named compound (0.4 g, 20% yield).¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 300 MHz): δ 6.17 (dt, J=2.22, 4.25 Hz, 1H), 4.20 (d,J=2.27 Hz, 2H), 3.48 (t, J=5.67 Hz, 2H), 2.24 (d, J=4.15 Hz, 2H), 1.43(s, 9H).

Cmpd 14.2 (tert-Butyl3-(trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy)-5,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate).To a high pressure vessel was added5-trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyridine-1-carboxylic acidtert-butyl ester (1.0 g, 3.0 mmol),dichloro[1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium (II) acetoneadduct (0.2 g, 0.3 mmol), 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (0.2 g,0.3 mmol), bis(pinacolato)diboron (0.84 g, 3.3 mmol) and K₂OAc (0.89 g,9.0 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (7 mL, 90 mmol). The reaction was heated for 12h at 80° C. After cooling to RT, the mixture was diluted with EtOAc, theorganic phase was concentrated in vacuo, and the residue purified bycolumn chromatography to afford the named compound (42%). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃,400 MHz): δ 6.57 (br. s., 1H), 3.91 (br. s., 2H), 3.39 (t, J=5.81 Hz,2H), 2.13 (br. s., 2H), 1.39-1.41 (m, 9H), 1.19 (s, 12H).

Cmpd 19.3 (Methyl6-(1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridin-3-yl)picolinate).To a high pressure vessel was added5-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyridine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester (1.0 g, 3.2 mmol), methyl 6-bromopicolinate (0.77g, 3.6 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.4 g, 0.3mmol), 1 M of sodium carbonate in water (9.7 mL, 9.7 mmol) and DME (10.1mL, 97.0 mmol). The reaction was heated for 12 h at 80° C., then cooledto RT and diluted with water and EtOAc. The organic phase was separated,dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The crude materialwas purified by column chromatography (gradient hexane-EtOAc) to affordthe named compound (0.71 g, 70% yield). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 300 MHz): δ 7.79(d, J=7.55 Hz, 1H), 7.72 (t, J=7.93 Hz, 1H), 7.44 (d, J=8.31 Hz, 1H),4.32-4.41 (m, 1H), 3.90-3.96 (s, 3H), 3.55-3.64 (m, 2H), 2.50 (br. s.,2H), 1.84-1.95 (m, 2H), 1.48 (s, 12H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₁₇H₂₂O₄N₂(M−C₄H₉, +1H) 263. found 263.

Cmpd 19.4 (tert-Butyl3-(6-(3-phenylureido)pyridin-2-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate). To asolution of 5′,6′-dihydro-2′H-[2,3′]bipyridinyl-6,1′-dicarboxylic acid1′-tert-butyl ester 6-methyl ester (0.3 g, 0.9 mmol) in acetic acid (5mL, 80 mmol) was added palladium (0.02 g, 0.2 mmol), and the mixtureplaced under an atmosphere of hydrogen (40 psi). The solution wasstirred for 12 h at RT, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford thehydrogenated compound. The crude material was dissolved in MeOH (20 mL,0.6 mol) and treated with an aqueous solution of LiOH (0.11 g, 4.7mmol). The mixture was heated to reflux for 2 h. The solution wasconcentrated in vacuo to afford a yellow solid, which was purified byreverse phase chromatography to afford the acid (85 mg). The acid (85mg, 0.27 mmol) was dissolved in Ph-CH₃ (2.41 mL, 31.1 mmol) and treatedwith DIEA (0.11 mL, 0.66 mmol), aniline (0.060 mL, 0.66 mmol), anddiphenylphosphonic azide (0.14 mL, 0.66 mmol). The solution was heatedto 100° C. for 1 h and then concentrated in vacuo to afford an oil,which was purified by reverse phase chromatography (gradienthexane-EtOAc) to afford the named compound (0.06 g, 17% yield). ¹H NMR(CDCl₃, 300 MHz): δ 8.09 (d, J=7.55 Hz, 1H), 7.70-7.83 (m, 1H), 7.55 (d,J=7.55 Hz, 1H), 7.21-7.39 (m, 3H), 6.99-7.18 (m, 3H), 4.00-4.28 (m, 2H),2.72-2.99 (m, 3H), 2.01-2.14 (m, 1H), 1.75 (d, J=11.33 Hz, 2H),1.50-1.65 (m, 1H), 1.39 (s, 9H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₂H₂₈O₄N₃(M+1H) 397. found 397.

Cmpd 118(1-(6-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-3-phenylurea).To a solution of6-(3-phenyl-ureido)-3′,4′,5′,6′-tetrahydro-2′H-[2,3]bipyridinyl-1′-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester (0.08 g, 0.2 mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (3 mL, 40 mol)was added 4 N HCl in dioxane (0.2 g, 2 mmol). The solution was stirredfor 2 h, quenched with the addition of NaHCO₃, and extracted with EtOAc.The organic phase was separated, dried, and concentrated in vacuo toafford an oil. The oil was dissolved in DMF (2 mL, 20 mol), treated withN,N-diisopropylethylamine (0.10 mL, 0.60 mmol) and4-chloropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (0.034 g, 0.22 mmol), and heated to 70°C. for 12 h. The solution was cooled to RT, diluted with water, andextracted with EtOAc. The organic phase was dried (Na₂SO₄) andconcentrated in vacuo to afford an oil, which was purified by reversephase chromatography C₁₈ column and 10% acetonitrile/water containing0.1% TFA to afford the named compound. ¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 9.41(s, 1H), 8.27 (s, 1H), 7.62-7.79 (m, 1H), 7.44 (d, J=7.53 Hz, 2H), 7.34(d, J=7.78 Hz, 2H), 7.17-7.26 (m, 2H), 6.91-7.02 (m, 2H), 6.81 (br. s.,1H), 4.74 (br. s., 1H), 4.60 (br. s., 1H), 3.43 (br. s., 1H), 3.32 (br.s., 1H), 3.00 (br. s., 1H), 2.06 (br. s., 1H), 1.91 (t, J=10.92 Hz, 2H),1.72 (br. s., 1H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₃H₂₃ON₇ (M+1H) 414. found414.

Example 20

Scheme 20 shows an exemplary synthesis of compounds including aquinazolinone moiety in the pendant side chain.

Cmpd 119(2-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenylamino)quinazolin-4(1H)-one).A solution of amine 1.3 (0.27 g, 1 mmol) anddi-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)methanethione (0.18 g, 1 mmol, Cmpd 20.1) in THF (5mL) was stirred at RT for 30 min. Excess ammonia in MeOH was added, andthe mixture was further stirred at RT for 12 h. The reaction wasconcentrated in vacuo, and the residue was purified by columnchromatography (50% EtOAc/Hexane) (66% yield). To a solution of thiourea20.2 (0.2 g, 0.6 mmol) in THF (3 mL) was added MeI (0.8 g, 0.6 mmol),and the mixture was stirred for 3 h at RT. The solvent was concentratedin vacuo to afford an oil, which was dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (3 mL) andtreated with 1H-benzo[d][1,3]oxazine-2,4-dione (97 mg, 1 mmol) andNa₂CO₃ (424 mg, 2 mmol). The resultant mixture was heated to 100° C. for12 h, allowed to cool to RT, and concentrated in vacuo to afford aresidue. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc, washed with water, brineand dried over Na₂CO₃. The solvent was reduced, and the residue wastreated with 4 N HCl (2 mL). The resulting solution was stirred at RTfor 1 h, the organic phase was separated, and the solvent was removed invacuo to afford an oil, which was used in the proceeding steps withoutfurther purification. To a solution of amine 20.5 in DMF (2 mL) wasadded 4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (1 eq.) and DIEA (2 eq.). Thesolution was heated to 100° C. for 12 h, cooled to RT and concentratedin vacuo to afford a residue which was purified by column chromatography(3% of 7 N NH₃ in MeOH/CH₂Cl₂) to afford compound 119 (50% yield). EIMS(m/z): 4438 (M+1); 1H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 0.88 (d, J=6.85 Hz, 1H),1.96 (d, J=11.74 Hz, 2H), 2.16 (m, 1H), 3.22 (dd, J=13.21, 6.36 Hz, 2H),3.71 (m, 1H), 6.59 (s, 1H), 7.09 (s, 2H), 7.25 (m, 1H), 7.35 (m, 1H),7.43 (m, 1H), 7.51 (s, 1H), 7.65 (m, 1H), 7.73 (m, 1H), 8.05 (d, J=7.83Hz, 1H) ppm.

By employing the appropriate reagent, the following compounds useful inthe methods and compositions described herein can be synthesized. Seealso Table 1.

Cmpd 120(2-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenylamino)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinazolin-4(1H)-one).EIMS (m/z): 442 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.83 (m, 4H), 2.10 (m,4H), 2.43 (m, 2H), 2.65 (d, J=4.89 Hz, 2H), 3.04 (m, 1H), 3.53 (m,J=12.72 Hz, 2H), 4.76 (d, J=13.21 Hz, 2H), 6.88 (d, J=2.93 Hz, 1H), 7.32(d, J=7.34 Hz, 1H), 7.38 (d, J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 7.48 (m, 3H), 8.30 (s, 1H)ppm.

Example 21

Scheme 21 shows an exemplary synthesis of compounds including apyrimidone moiety in the pendant side chain.

Cmpd 121(2-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenylamino)-6-isopropylpyrimidin-4(1H)-one).To a solution of amine 6.3 (0.5 mmol) in THF (3 mL) at RT was added1,3-di-boc-2-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)guanidine (0.5 mmol) and Et₃N (1eq.), with the mixture stirred at RT for 12 h. The solvent was reducedin vacuo, and the residue was purified via column chromatography(gradient 50% EtOAc/Hexane). The purified material was treated with 4 NHCl in 1,4-dioxane (3 mL) at RT for 1 h. The solution was concentratedin vacuo to afford a residue, which was purified by columnchromatography to afford the indicated compound (66% yield). The tosylprotected material was dissolved in MeOH (0.3 mL) and water (0.038 mL)and treated with K₂CO₃ (0.08 g, 0.8 mmol) at 60° C. for 4 h. Thesolution was concentrated in vacuo to afford a solid, which was purifiedby reverse phase chromatography C₁₈ column and 10% acetonitrile/watercontaining 0.1% TFA to afford compound 121. EIMS (m/z): 430 (M+1); 1HNMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.27 (m, 6H), 1.90 (t, J=12.47 Hz, 1H), 2.08 (m,3H), 2.83 (m, 1H), 3.02 (t, J=11.49 Hz, 1H), 3.52 (m, 2H), 4.75 (d,J=13.21 Hz, 2H), 5.95 (s, 1H), 6.88 (s, 1H), 7.18 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 1H),7.39 (m, 2H), 7.49 (d, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 7.69 (s, 1H), 8.28 (s, 1H) ppm.

By employing the appropriate reagents, the following compounds useful inthe methods and compositions described herein can be synthesized. Seealso Table 1.

Cmpd 122(2-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenylamino)-6-methylpyrimidin-4(1H)-one).EIMS (m/z): 402 (M+1); 1H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 2.02 (m, 4H), 2.36 (s,3H), 3.03 (t, J=11.49 Hz, 1H), 3.53 (q, J=12.06 Hz, 2H), 4.75 (d,J=12.72 Hz, 2H), 6.06 (s, 1H), 6.87 (s, 1H), 7.27 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 1H),7.42 (m, 2H) 7.54 (m, 2H), 8.30 (m, 1H) ppm.

Example 22

Scheme 22 shows an exemplary synthesis of compounds having a substitutedpiperidine moiety.

Cmpd 22.2 (1-tert-Butyl 4-ethyl3-(trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy)-5,6-dihydropyridine-1,4(2H)-dicarboxylate).To solution of 1-benzyl-3-oxo-piperidine-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester(5.0 g, 0.019 mol) in EtOH (20 mL, 0.4 mol) and water (20 mL, 1 mol) wasadded palladium/carbon 5% wt (0.2 g, 0.002 mol), Na₂CO₃ (1.6 g, 0.019mol), and di-tert-butyldicarbonate (4.6 g, 0.021 mol). The suspensionwas placed under an atmosphere of hydrogen at 150 psi for 48 h. Thesolution was filtered through a pad of Celite® and suspended in waterand EtOAc. The organic phase was separated, dried Na₂SO₄, filtered andconcentrated in vacuo to afford the Boc protected material, which wasused in the next step without further purification. A solution of Bocprotected amine and DIEA (2.6 mL, 0.015 mol) in CH₂Cl₂ (80 mL, 1 mol)was cooled to −78° C. and treated dropwise with a solution ofN-phenylbis(trifluoromethanesulphonimide) (5.0 g, 0.014 mol) in CH₂Cl₂(10 mL, 0.2 mol). The solution was stirred at −78° C., slowly warmed toRT overnight, concentrated in vacuo, and the crude material was purifiedby column chromatography (gradient hexane-EtOAc) to afford an oil (4.1g, 53%). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 300 MHz): δ 4.16 (q, J=7.18 Hz, 2H), 3.96 (s,2H), 3.42 (t, J=5.67 Hz, 2H), 2.25 (t, J=5.67 Hz, 2H), 1.40 (s, 9H),1.24 (t, J=6.99 Hz, 3H).

Cmpd 22.4 ((+/−)ent-3-((3S/R,4R/S)-1-(tert-Butoxycarbonyl)-4-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperidin-3-yl)benzoicacid). To a solution5-trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyridine-1,4-dicarboxylicacid 1-tert-butyl ester 4-ethyl ester (0.3 g, 0.7 mmol) and3-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-benzoic acid (0.22 g,0.89 mmol) in DME (2 mL, 20 mmol) was addedtetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) (0.08 g, 0.07 mmol) and 1 MNa₂CO₃ in water (2 mL, 2 mmol). The mixture was heated to 80° C. for 1h. The solution was cooled to RT and quenched with EtOAc and 1 N HCl.The organic phase was separated, washed with brine, dried (Na₂SO₄) andconcentrated in vacuo to afford an oil. The oil was dissolved in EtOH (5mL) and treated with Pd/C 5% wt (0.07 mmol) under an atmosphere ofhydrogen at 60 psi for 12 h. The solution was filtered and concentratedin vacuo to afford an oil, which was purified by column chromatography(71% yield). ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 300 MHz): δ 8.00 (t, J=7.93 Hz, 1H), 7.84(s, 1H), 7.37-7.53 (m, 2H), 4.87 (br. s., 1H), 4.16 (t, J=2.46 Hz, 2H),3.88 (q, J=7.18 Hz, 2H), 3.62 (t, J=5.67 Hz, 2H), 3.31 (t, J=1.70 Hz,1H), 2.53 (t, J=2.64 Hz, 2H), 1.49 (s, 9H), 0.84 (t, J=6.99 Hz, 3H).EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₀H₂₇O₆N (M−C₄H₉, +1H) 322. found 322.

Cmpd 22.5 ((+/−) ent (3S/R,4R/S)-tert-butyl3-(3-aminophenyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)piperidine-1-carboxylate). To asolution of (3S/R,4R/S)-3-(3-carboxy-phenyl)-piperidine-1,4-dicarboxylicacid 1-tert-butyl ester 4-ethyl ester (0.07 g, 0.2 mmol) in PhCH₃ (2 mL,0.02 mol) was added DIEA (0.065 mL, 0.37 mmol), benzyl alcohol (0.038mL, 0.37 mol), and diphenylphosphonic azide (0.080 mL, 0.37 mmol). Thesolution was heated to 90° C. for 24 h and concentrated in vacuo toafford an oil. The crude material was purified by column chromatography.The Cbz protected material was dissolved in EtOH (5 mL) and treated withpalladium (0.002 g, 0.02 mol) and hydrogen for 12 h at RT. The palladiumwas removed by filtration, and the solvent removed in vacuo to afford anoil, which was used in the next steps without further purification. To a0° C. solution of the ester in THF (10 mL) was added LAH (200 uL, 1N THFsolution, 0.20 mmol). The solution was stirred at RT for 2 h, andquenched with the addition of water (45 uL), 10% NaOH (90 uL), and water(135 uL) respectively. The suspension was allowed to warm to RT andfiltered over Celite®. The solvent was concentrated in vacuo to affordan oil (32 mg, 52%). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ 6.95-7.03 (m, 1H), 6.57(d, J=7.53 Hz, 1H), 6.52 (s, 1H), 6.49 (d, J=8.03 Hz, 2H), 3.50-3.57 (m,2H), 3.33 (br. s., 3H), 2.87 (d, J=4.27 Hz, 1H), 1.98-2.06 (m, 1H),1.59-1.65 (m, 1H), 1.49-1.58 (m, 2H), 1.36 (br. s., 9H). EIMS (m/z):calcd. for C₁₇H₂₇O₃N₂(M−C₄H₉, +1H) 251. found 251.

Cmpd 123(1-(3-((3S/R)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)urea).To a solution of3-(3-amino-phenyl)-4-hydroxymethyl-piperidine-1-carboxylic acidtert-butyl ester (0.03 g, 0.1 mmol) in THF was added(2-pyrrolidin-1-yl-phenyl)-carbamic acid 4-nitro-phenyl ester (35 mg,0.11 mmol), and the reaction was heated at reflux for 4 h. The solutionwas concentrated in vacuo to afford an oil, which was purified by columnchromatography (gradient hexane-EtOAc) to afford an off-white solid. TheBoc protected piperidine intermediate was treated with 4 N HCl indioxane (30 uL, 0.24 mmol) at RT until the reaction was complete asindicated by LC/MS. The reaction was concentrated in vacuo to afford asolid, which was washed with 1 N NaHCO₃ and EtOAc. The organic phase wasseparated, dried and concentrated in vacuo to afford an oil. Theresulting piperidine was treated with 4-chloropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine(15 mg, 0.098 mmol), DIEA (25 mg, 0.20 mmol) and DMF (0.4 mL, 5 mmol)and heated to 80° C. for 12 h. The reaction was cooled to RT and waswashed with water and EtOAc. The organic phase was separated andconcentrated in vacuo to afford an oil, which was then purified byreverse phase chromatography C₁₈ column and 10% acetonitrile/watercontaining 0.1% TFA to afford compound 123. ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 300 MHz): δ8.12 (s, 1H), 7.68 (dd, J=1.89, 7.55 Hz, 1H), 7.42 (s, 1H), 7.34 (d,J=7.93 Hz, 1H), 7.15 (t, J=7.93 Hz, 1H), 7.04 (d, J=3.40 Hz, 2H),6.88-7.02 (m, 3H), 6.43 (d, J=3.78 Hz, 1H), 4.51 (td, J=6.80, 13.03 Hz,1H), 3.94 (dd, J=3.97, 13.41 Hz, 1H), 3.62-3.77 (m, 2H), 3.37 (t, J=7.74Hz, 1H), 3.22-3.28 (m, 1H), 3.10-3.16 (m, 1H), 3.06 (t, J=6.61 Hz, 4H),2.26 (d, J=3.78 Hz, 1H), 1.84-2.00 (m, 6H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. forC₂₉H₃₃O₂N₇(M+1H) 512. found 512.

Example 23

Scheme 23 shows an exemplary synthesis of compounds having an optionallysubstituted piperizine moiety.

Cmpd 23.2

A solution of compound 6.1 (1 mmol), compound 23.1 (1 mmol), and DIEA(1.3 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was heated to 100° C. for 12 h. The reactionmixture was cooled to RT, and the solvent removed in vacuo. The residuewas purified by flash chromatography (50% EtOAc/Hexane to 100% EtOAc) toprovide compound 23.2 (81% yield) as a yellow foam.

Cmpd 23.3

The pH of a solution of compound 23.2 (0.8 mmol) and aldehyde (0.8 mmol)in MeOH (5 mL) was adjusted to pH 6 by the dropwise addition of HOAc.Sodium cyanoborohydride (1.3 eq.) was added, and the reaction mixturewas heated to 60° C. while being stirred. The reaction mixture wascooled to RT, quenched with water, and concentrated in vacuo to afford aresidue which was dissolved in EtOAc. The organic phase was washed withsat. NaHCO₃, brine, dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuoto afford an oil, which was subsequently purified by preparative TLC(1:1 EtOAc/Hexane) to provide 23.3 (100% yield).

Cmpd 23.4

A solution of compound 23.3 (0.8 mmol) and 10% Pd/C in MeOH (5 mL) wastreated with an atmosphere of hydrogen for 3 h. The reaction solutionwas filtered through a Celite® column, and the solvent was removed toafford compound 23.4 as a yellow oil. This material was used withoutfurther purification.

Cmpd 23.6

To a solution of compound 23.4 (1 eq.) in THF (5 mL) was added phenylchloroformate (1.5 eq.) and DIEA (1.5 eq.). The resulting reactionmixture was stirred at RT for 1 h. The solvent was removed under reducedpressure, and the residue was purified via flash chromatography (30%EtOAc/Hexanes) to give (100% yield) a yellow foam, which was mixed withaniline (1.2 eq.) and DIEA (1.2 eq.) in DMF (3 mL). The solution washeated to 80° C. for 12 h. The reaction mixture was cooled to RT, andthe solvent was removed in vacuo to afford a residue, which was purifiedvia preparative TLC (30% EtOAc/Hexane) to afford compound 23.6 (60%yield) as a yellow oil.

Cmpd 23.7

A mixture of compound 23.6 and 4 N HCl in dioxane (2 mL) was stirred atRT for 1 h. The solvent was removed in vacuo to provide compound 23.8 asa tan solid. This material was used without further purification.

Cmpd 124(1-(3-(1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazin-2-yl)phenyl)-3-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)urea).To a solution of compound 23.7 in MeOH (2 mL) and water (1 mL) was addedK₂CO₃ (6 eq.). The resulting mixture was stirred at 70° C. for 1 h. Thereaction mixture was cooled to RT, filtered and concentrated in vacuo toafford a residue, which was then purified by reverse phasechromatography C₁₈ column and 10% acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFAto afford compound 124. EIMS (m/z): 527 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz):δ 2.14 (m, 2H), 2.44 (t, J=11.49 Hz, 1H), 2.74 (m, 1H), 3.19 (m, 2H),3.39 (m, 4H), 3.59 (m, 3H), 4.62 (m, 1H), 4.75 (d, J=12.72 Hz, 1H), 6.54(d, J=2.45 Hz, 1H), 7.11 (d, J=2.45 Hz, 1H), 7.16 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 1H),7.29 (m, 3H), 7.44 (m, 3H), 7.57 (s, 1H), 8.12 (s, 1H) ppm.

By appropriate choice of reagent in the synthetic route described inScheme 23, the following compounds were synthesized.

Cmpd 125(1-(3-(4-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-N]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazin-2-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea).EIMS (m/z): 414 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 3.03 (m, 1H), 3.19 (m,2H), 3.35 (s, 1H), 3.88 (dd, J=10.76, 2.45 Hz, 1H), 4.78 (dd, J=26.66,12.96 Hz, 2H), 6.60 (d, J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 1H), 7.16(m, 2H), 7.31 (m, 4H), 7.44 (d, J=8.31 Hz, 2H), 7.56 (s, 1H), 8.17 (s,1H) ppm.

Cmpd 126(1-(3-(1-Methyl-4-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazin-2-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea).EIMS (m/z): 428 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 2.13 (s, 3H), 2.41 (m,1H), 3.10 (d, J=10.76 Hz, 1H), 3.20 (m, 1H), 3.36 (s, 1H), 3.44 (m, 1H),4.66 (d, J=13.21 Hz, 1H), 4.79 (d, J=13.21 Hz, 1H), 6.55 (d, J=3.42 Hz,1H), 7.02 (t, J=7.58 Hz, 1H), 7.13 (d, J=4.40 Hz, 2H), 7.31 (m, 3H),7.44 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 3H), 7.54 (s, 1H), 8.15 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 127(1-(3-(1-acetyl-4-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazin-2-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea).EIMS (m/z): 456 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 2.18 (m, 3H), 4.11 (m,2H), 4.30 (m, 2H), 4.61 (m, 2H), 5.53 (d, J=117.38 Hz, 1H), 6.93 (s,1H), 7.02 (m, 2H), 7.20 (t, J=7.58 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (m, 4H), 7.39 (m, 2H),7.66 (d, J=28.86 Hz, 1H), 8.29 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 128(1-(3-(1-(methylsulfonyl)-4-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazin-2-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea).EIMS (m/z): 492 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 2.91 (m, 3H), 3.86 (m,1H), 4.03 (m, 2H), 4.33 (dd, J=14.18, 4.40 Hz, 1H), 4.53 (m, 1H), 4.83(d, J=4.40 Hz, 1H), 5.28 (t, J=4.40 Hz, 1H), 6.90 (d, J=3.42 Hz, 1H),7.02 (t, J=7.09 Hz, 1H), 7.15 (d, J=7.83 Hz, 2H), 7.31 (m, 6H), 7.83 (s,1H), 8.31 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 129(1-(3-(1-isobutyl-4-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazin-2-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea).EIMS (m/z): 470 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 0.82 (t, J=7.34 Hz,3H), 0.90 (m, 3H), 1.05 (m, J=6.85 Hz, 1H), 1.22 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 2H),2.01 (m, 1H), 2.15 (m, 1H), 2.35 (m, J=6.36 Hz, 1H), 2.74 (m, 1H), 3.83(d, J=9.29 Hz, 2H), 3.96 (d, J=3.91 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (m, 2H), 7.28 (m, 5H),7.42 (m, 3H), 7.58 (d, J=8.31 Hz, 1H), 7.68 (d, J=8.31 Hz, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 130(1-(3-(1-isopropyl-4-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazin-2-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea).EIMS (m/z): 456 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.25 (d, J=6.36 Hz,3H), 1.37 (d, J=6.36 Hz, 3H), 3.47 (m, 2H), 3.77 (d, J=12.72 Hz, 1H),3.86 (s, 2H), 4.70 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 1H), 5.06 (d, J=15.16 Hz, 1H), 5.15(d, J=14.18 Hz, 1H), 6.74 (d, J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 7.02 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 1H),7.28 (m, 4H), 7.44 (m, 4H), 7.99 (s, 1H), 8.36 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 131(1-(3-(1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazin-2-yl)phenyl)-3-phenylurea).EIMS (m/z): 458 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 2.66 (s, 4H), 3.50 (m,1H), 3.73 (d, J=12.72 Hz, 1H), 3.87 (m, 1H), 3.98 (m, 2H), 4.10 (d,J=13.21 Hz, 1H), 4.59 (d, J=10.76 Hz, 1H), 5.08 (m, 1H), 6.82 (d, J=2.93Hz, 1H), 7.04 (t, J=7.34 Hz, 1H), 7.29 (m, 3H), 7.36 (d, J=3.42 Hz, 1H),7.46 (m, 4H), 7.95 (s, 1H), 8.42 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 1321-((R)-1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-3-(phenylamino)pyrrolidin-2-one.EIMS (m/z): 548 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 3.17 (m, 1H), 3.33 (m,4H), 3.46 (m, 1H), 3.64 (m, 1H), 3.77 (m, 1H), 3.95 (m, 2H), 4.50 (m,3H), 5.03 (m, 2H), 7.03 (t, J=7.09 Hz, 1H), 7.21 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 1H),7.29 (m, 6H), 7.35 (s, 1H), 7.44 (m, 3H), 8.40 (s, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 133(1-(3-(1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazin-2-yl)phenyl)-3-(2-isopropylphenyl)urea).EIMS (m/z): 500 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 1.22 (d, J=6.85 Hz,6H), 2.21 (m, 1H), 2.97 (t, J=11.98 Hz, 1H), 3.15 (m, 4H), 3.37 (m, 1H),3.57 (m, 1H), 3.81 (d, J=10.27 Hz, 1H), 4.60 (d, J=13.21 Hz, 1H), 4.72(m, 2H), 6.52 (m, 1H), 7.10 (m, 5H), 7.27 (t, J=6.85 Hz, 2H), 7.38 (d,J=8.31 Hz, 1H), 7.47 (d, J=4.40 Hz, 1H), 7.54 (d, J=11.74 Hz, 1H), 8.12(d, J=9.29 Hz, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 134 (1-(2,6-Dichlorophenyl)-3-(3-(1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazin-2-yl)phenyl)urea).EIMS (m/z): 527 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 2.24 (m, 1H), 3.00(dd, J=23.23, 11.00 Hz, 1H), 3.18 (m, 1H), 3.30 (m, 4H), 3.57 (m, 1H),3.88 (d, J=10.76 Hz, 1H), 4.62 (m, 1H), 4.76 (dd, J=26.17, 13.45 Hz,1H), 6.55 (m, 1H), 7.11 (m, 1H), 7.16 (d, J=7.34 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (m, 2H),7.42 (m, 3H), 7.56 (s, 1H), 8.13 (d, J=11.74 Hz, 1H) ppm.

Cmpd 135(1-(2-Fluoro-6-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)phenyl)-3-(3-(1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperazin-2-yl)phenyl)urea).EIMS (m/z): 545 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ 2.05 (s, 4H), 3.07 (d,J=13.69 Hz, 1H), 3.23 (m, 1H), 3.48 (d, J=11.25 Hz, 1H), 3.54 (s, 4H),3.81 (m, 1H), 3.98 (m, 1H), 4.35 (dd, J=201.75, 11.49 Hz, 1H), 5.08 (t,J=16.63 Hz, 1H), 6.80 (m, 2H), 6.92 (d, J=8.31 Hz, 1H), 7.26 (dd,J=16.87, 7.09 Hz, 2H), 7.37 (d, J=2.93 Hz, 1H), 7.49 (m, 2H), 7.91 (s,1H), 8.43 (s, 1H) ppm.

Example 24

Scheme 24 shows an exemplary synthesis of compounds having adisubstituted nitrogen in the pendant side chain. See also compound 24under Scheme 8.

Cmpd 24.2

To a solution of tert-butyl 3-(3-(benzyloxycarbonylamino)phenyl)piperidine-1-carboxylate 24.1 (0.25 mmol) and MeI (1.1 eq.) inDMF (2 mL) was added NaH (1.2 eq.). The reaction mixture was stirred atRT for 2 h. The solvent was removed in vacuo, and the residue wasdissolved in EtOAc, washed with water, brine, dried over Na₂SO₄,filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure to provide compound24.2. This material was used without further purification.

Cmpd 24.3

To a solution of compound 24.2 in MeOH (5 mL) was added 10% Pd/C. Theresulting mixture was stirred at RT for 3 h under an atmosphere ofhydrogen. The reaction mixture was filtered through a Celite® pad andthe filtrate concentrated in vacuo to provide compound 24.3 (100%yield). This material was used without further purification.

Cmpd 24.4

To a solution of compound 24.3 in DMF (2 mL) was added DIEA (1 eq.) andPhNCO (1 eq.). The resulting mixture was stirred at RT for 1 h. Thesolvent was removed in vacuo and the residue purified by preparative TLC(30% EtOAc/hexanes) to afford compound 24.4 (85% yield).

Cmpd 24.5

Compound 24.4 was treated with 4 N HCl (2 mL) and stirred at RT for 1 h.The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to yield compound 24.5,which was used without further purification.

Cmpd 136(1-(3-(1-(7H-Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-1-methyl-3-phenylurea).To a solution of compound 24.5 in DMF (2 mL) was added DIEA (3 eq.) andcompound 2.2 (1 eq.). The reaction mixture was heated to 100° C. andstirred overnight. The reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo toafford a residue, which was then purified by reverse phasechromatography C₁₈ column and 10% acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFAto afford compound 136. EIMS (m/z): 427 (M+1); ¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz):δ 1.89 (m, 1H), 2.05 (m, 1H), 2.18 (d, J=11.74 Hz, 1H), 3.05 (m, 1H),3.36 (s, 3H), 3.56 (m, 2H), 3.73 (s, 1H), 4.73 (d, J=12.23 Hz, 2H), 6.86(d, J=3.42 Hz, 1H), 7.03 (t, J=7.58 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (m, 8H), 7.49 (m, 1H),8.28 (s, 1H) ppm.

Example 25

Scheme 25 shows an exemplary synthesis of compounds having a nitrogendisubstituted with optionally substituted aryl and/or heteroaryl in thependant side chain.

Cmpd 25.3 (tert-Butyl3-(3-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenylamino)phenyl)piperidine-1-carboxylate).An oven dried Schlenk flask was purged with argon, charged with(S)-(−)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl (0.02 g, 0.02 mmol),and capped with a rubber septum. The flask was purged with argon andtoluene (1.7 mL, 16 mmol). The suspension was heated to 80° C. until allthe BINAP dissolved, recooled to RT, and treated with palladium acetate(0.004 g, 0.02 mmol). The suspension was stirred at RT (1 min) andtreated with 3-(3-amino-phenyl)-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butylester (0.1 g, 0.4 mmol), 1-bromo-4-trifluoromethyl-benzene (0.081 g,0.36 mmol), and sodium tert-butoxide (0.052 g, 0.54 mmol) and heated ina oil bath at 80° C. for 24 h. The reaction was quenched with water andextracted with EtOAc. The organic phase was washed with brine, dried(Na₂SO₄) and concentrated in vacuo to afford an oil. The oil waspurified by column chromatography (gradient hexane-EtOAc) to affordcompound 25.2 as an orange solid (0.09 g, 59% yield). ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 300MHz): δ 7.40 (d, J=8.69 Hz, 2H), 7.12-7.25 (m, 1H), 6.91-6.99 (m, 4H),6.85 (d, J=7.93 Hz, 1H), 2.49-2.73 (m, 3H), 1.88-2.02 (m, 1H), 1.69 (td,J=2.64, 6.04 Hz, 1H), 1.45-1.60 (m, 3H), 1.34-1.44 (m, 9H). EIMS (m/z):calcd. for C₂₃H₂₇N₂O₂ (M⁺1H) 421. found (M⁺-C₅H₉O₂) 321.

Cmpd 137(3-(1-(7-H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-N-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)aniline). To a solution of tert-butyl 3-(3-(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenylamino) phenyl)piperidine-1-carboxylate (0.09 g) in 1,4-dioxane (2mL, 20 mmol) was added 4 N HCl in dioxane (0.2 mL, 1 mmol). The solutionwas stirred at RT for 24 h and concentrated in vacuo to afford a solid,which was subsequently treated with sat NaHCO₃ and extracted with EtOAc.The organic phase was dried and concentrated in vacuo to afford an oil,which was used in the proceeding steps without further purification. Theoil was dissolved in DMF (3 mL, 40 mmol) and treated with4-chloropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (0.061 g, 0.40 mmol) and DIEA (0.2 mL,1 mmol) and heated to 80° C. for 6 h. The reaction was diluted withwater (10 mL), extracted with EtOAc (2×5 mL), separated, dried Na₂SO₄and concentrated in vacuo. The crude material was purified by reversephase chromatography C₁₈ column and 10% acetonitrile/water containing0.1% TFA to afford compound 137. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 300 MHz): δ 8.20 (s,1H), 7.40 (d, J=8.31 Hz, 2H), 7.21-7.30 (m, 1H), 7.11 (br. s., 1H), 7.02(d, J=8.69 Hz, 4H), 6.87 (d, J=7.55 Hz, 1H), 6.49 (br. s., 1H),3.02-3.40 (m, 2H), 2.80 (t, J=11.52 Hz, 1H), 2.10 (br. s., 1H), 2.00 (d,J=12.84 Hz, 1H), 1.64-1.92 (m, 3H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₄H₂₃F₃N₅(M+1H) 438. found 438.

By varying the reagents as appropriate in the synthetic route describedin Scheme 25, the following compounds were synthesized.

Cmpd 138(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-N-(3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)aniline).¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 8.56 (s, 1H), 8.14 (s, 1H), 7.38-7.47 (m,1H), 7.32 (d, J=8.28 Hz, 1H), 7.25-7.30 (m, 2H), 7.17 (d, J=3.76 Hz,1H), 7.05-7.10 (m, 2H), 7.03 (d, J=8.03 Hz, 1H), 6.92 (d, J=7.53 Hz,1H), 4.76 (br. s., 2H), 3.07-3.18 (m, 2H), 2.69-2.78 (m, 1H), 1.99 (br.s., 1H), 1.79-1.89 (m, 3H), 1.56-1.68 (m, 1H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. forC₂₄H₂₃F₃N₅ (M+1H) 438. found 438.

Cmpd 139(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-2-(trifluoromethyl)aniline).¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 300 MHz): δ 8.18 (s, 1H), 7.59 (d, J=7.18 Hz, 1H),7.39-7.47 (m, 1H), 7.26-7.35 (m, 1H), 7.23 (d, J=4.15 Hz, 2H), 7.07 (s,1H), 7.01-7.05 (m, 1H), 6.92-7.01 (m, 2H), 6.69 (d, J=3.78 Hz, 1H), 4.77(m, 2H), 3.34-3.43 (m, 2H), 2.80-2.95 (m, 1H), 2.08-2.17 (m, 1H),1.90-2.05 (m, 2H), 1.74-1.90 (m, 1H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₄H₂₃F₃N₅(M+1H) 438. found 438.

Cmpd 140(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)pyridin-2-amine).¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 300 MHz): δ 8.29 (s, 1H), 7.95-8.11 (m, 1H), 7.59-7.74(m, 1H), 7.35-7.53 (m, 3H), 7.27 (t, J=7.74 Hz, 1H), 6.98 (d, J=7.55 Hz,1H), 6.90 (d, J=8.31 Hz, 1H), 6.73-6.83 (m, 2H), 4.59 (d, J=12.46 Hz,2H), 3.25-3.51 (m, 2H), 2.72-2.96 (m, 1H), 1.77-2.09 (m, 3H), 1.67 (d,J=12.09 Hz, 1H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₂H₂₂N₆ (M+1H) 371. found 371.

Cmpd 141(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)pyrimidin-2-amine).¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 8.48 (d, J=4.77 Hz, 2H), 8.36 (s, 1H),7.72-7.75 (m, 1H), 7.65-7.71 (m, 1H), 7.43-7.49 (m, 1H), 7.28 (t, J=7.91Hz, 1H), 6.96 (d, J=8.03 Hz, 1H), 6.85 (d, J=4.77 Hz, 1H), 4.65 (br. s.,2H), 3.43 (d, J=2.26 Hz, 2H), 2.87 (br. s., 1H), 1.94-2.07 (m, 2H),1.84-1.92 (m, 1H), 1.77 (br. s., 1H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₁H₂₂N₇(M+1H) 371. found 371.

Cmpd 142(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-amine).¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 9.62 (s, 1H), 8.47 (s, 1H), 8.19 (s, 1H),7.51-7.70 (m, 2H), 7.16-7.38 (m, 3H), 6.88-7.08 (m, 3H), 6.59 (d, J=1.76Hz, 1H), 4.76 (br. s., 2H), 3.19 (t, J=12.17 Hz, 2H), 2.78 (br. s., 1H),1.95-2.09 (m, 1H), 1.78-1.94 (m, 2H), 1.65 (d, J=12.55 Hz, 1H). EIMS(m/z): calcd. for C₂₃H₂₂F₃N₆ (M+1H) 439. found 439.

Cmpd 143(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-amine).¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 300 MHz): δ 8.20 (s, 1H), 7.57 (d, J=5.67 Hz, 2H),7.24-7.32 (m, 1H), 7.15 (br. s., 1H), 7.09 (br. s., 1H), 7.04 (d, J=7.18Hz, 1H), 6.88-6.97 (m, 2H), 6.49 (br. s., 1H), 4.84 (br. s., 2H),3.51-3.73 (m, 2H), 2.86 (br. s., 1H), 2.14 (d, J=12.09 Hz, 1H), 1.98(br. s., 1H), 1.68-1.93 (m, 2H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₃H₂₂F₃N₆(M+1H) 439. found 439.

Example 26

Scheme 26 shows an exemplary synthesis of compounds having a carboxamidefunctionality in the pendant side chain.

Cmpd 11(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)isonicotinamide).To a mixture of isonicotinic acid (13.8 mg, 0.112 mmol), DMF (1 mL, 0.01mol), and 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (15 mg, 0.11 mmol) was addedN-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-N′-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (32 mg,0.17 mmol),3-{1-[7-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]-piperidin-3-yl}-phenylamine(50.0 mg, 0.112 mmol), and DIEA (39 uL, 0.22 mmol). The mixture wasstirred at RT for 12 h, diluted with EtOAc, washed with water, aq.NaHCO₃, and aq. HCl. The combined organic phases were dried (Na₂SO₄),filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford an oil, which was usedwithout further purification in the subsequent deprotection step. Amixture ofN-(3-{1-[7-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]-piperidin-3-yl}-phenyl)-isonicotinamide(61 mg, 0.11 mmol), K₂CO₃ (76 mg, 0.55 mmol), MeOH (2.0 mL, 0.049 mol),and water (0.5 mL, 0.03 mol) was stirred at 65° C. overnight. Thereaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to afford a residue. Theresidue was taken up in EtOAc, washed with water, and separated, and theorganic phase was concentrated in vacuo. The crude material was purifiedby reverse phase chromatography C₁₈ column and 10% acetonitrile/watercontaining 0.1% TFA to afford compound 11. ¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ12.71 (br. s., 1H), 10.57 (s, 1H), 8.83 (d, J=6.06 Hz, 2H), 8.39 (s,1H), 7.92 (d, J=6.06 Hz, 2H), 7.82 (s, 1H), 7.66 (d, J=8.09 Hz, 1H),7.43-7.55 (m, 1H), 7.39 (t, J=8.09 Hz, 1H), 7.17 (d, J=8.09 Hz, 1H),6.86 (br. s., 1H), 4.66 (d, J=11.12 Hz, 2H), 3.45 (t, J=12.63 Hz, 2H),2.82-3.05 (m, 1H), 1.64-2.13 (m, 4H).

By varying the reagents as appropriate in the synthetic route describedin Scheme 26, the following compounds were synthesized.

Cmpd 12(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)nicotinamide).¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.74 (br. s., 1H), 10.51 (s, 1H), 9.14 (d,J=2.02 Hz, 1H), 8.80 (d, J=4.55 Hz, 1H), 8.29-8.47 (m, 2H), 7.83 (s,1H), 7.57-7.74 (m, 2H), 7.48 (br. s., 1H), 7.38 (t, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 7.15(d, J=7.58 Hz, 1H), 6.87 (br. s., 1H), 4.66 (d, J=10.61 Hz, 2H), 3.46(t, J=12.38 Hz, 2H), 2.84-3.06 (m, 1H), 1.65-2.14 (m, 5H).

Cmpd 13(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)picolinamide).¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.63 (br. s., 1H), 10.62 (s, 1H), 8.75 (d,J=5.56 Hz, 1H), 8.37 (s, 1H), 8.17 (d, J=7.58 Hz, 1H), 8.04-8.13 (m,1H), 7.95 (s, 1H), 7.82 (d, J=9.10 Hz, 1H), 7.65-7.74 (m, 1H), 7.44 (d,J=2.53 Hz, 1H), 7.37 (t, J=7.83 Hz, 1H), 7.13 (d, J=7.58 Hz, 1H), 6.84(br. s., 1H), 4.59-4.74 (m, 2H), 3.34-3.50 (m, 2H), 2.85-2.98 (m, 1H),1.84-2.10 (m, 3H), 1.65-1.84 (m, 1H).

Cmpd 14(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide).¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.56 (br. s., 1H), 10.73 (s, 1H), 9.05 (d,J=5.05 Hz, 2H), 8.35 (s, 1H), 7.91 (s, 1H), 7.70-7.85 (m, 2H), 7.29-7.53(m, 2H), 7.15 (d, J=7.58 Hz, 1H), 6.82 (br. s., 1H), 4.56-4.82 (m, 2H),3.42 (t, J=12.13 Hz, 2H), 2.79-3.01 (m, 1H), 1.62-2.14 (m, 4H).

Cmpd 15(N-(3-(1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)phenyl)-3-hydroxybenzamide).¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 12.54 (br. s., 1H), 10.51 (s, 1H),8.15-8.49 (m, 4H), 7.98 (d, J=8.09 Hz, 1H), 7.75-7.86 (m, 2H), 7.68 (d,J=9.10 Hz, 1H), 7.26-7.52 (m, 2H), 7.15 (d, J=7.58 Hz, 1H), 6.81 (br.s., 1H), 4.69 (d, J=13.14 Hz, 2H), 3.40 (t, J=12.13 Hz, 2H), 2.80-3.05(m, 1H), 1.81-2.14 (m, 3H), 1.61-1.82 (m, 1H).

Example 27

Scheme 27 shows an exemplary synthesis of reagents useful for preparingcompounds having a carboxamide functionality in the pendant side chain.

A Parr bottle was charged with(5-pyridin-3-yl-2-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-carbamic acid tert-butylester (425 mg, 0.00120 mol) and AcOH (15 mL, 0.26 mol). Nitrogen wasbubbled through the mixture for several minutes with stirring before 5%Pt/C (425 mg, 0.0336 mol) was added, and the bottle was placed under anatmosphere of hydrogen (60 psi) for 24 h. The mixture was filtered, andthe solvent was concentrated in vacuo to afford a residue, which wastriturated with sat. NaHCO₃. The resultant compound was extracted intoEtOAc, washed with aq. NaHCO3, dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentratedin vacuo to afford an oil, which was used without further purification.

A solution of (5-piperidin-3-yl-2-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-carbamic acidtert-butyl ester (316.0 mg, 0.877 mmol),4-chloro-7-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (270 mg,0.88 mmol), and DIEA (305 uL, 1.75 mmol) in DMF (3.0 mL, 0.039 mol) washeated at 90° C. for 12 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAcand washed with water, dil. citric acid, and aq. NaHCO₃. The organicphase was dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford aresidue, which was purified by flash chromatography to afford theindicated compound, which was used without further purification.

A mixture of(5-{1-[7-(toluene-4-sulfonyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]-piperidin-3-yl}-2-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-carbamicacid tert-butyl ester (456 mg, 0.722 mmol) and 4 N of HCl in 1,4-dioxane(4 mL, 0.02 mol) was stirred at RT for 4 h. The reaction mixture wasconcentrated to reduced volume and triturated with aq. NaHCO₃. Theresultant compound was extracted into EtOAc and washed with aq. NaHCO₃and water. The organic solutions were combined, dried (Na₂SO₄), filteredand concentrated in vacuo to afford compound 27.4, which was usedwithout further purification.

Example 28

Scheme 28 shows an exemplary synthesis of compounds having a carboxamidefunctionality in the pendant side chain. Using reagents such as thoseprepared by Scheme 27, adduction with, for example, the acid halide, anddeprotection may readily afford compounds described herein.

Example 29

Scheme 29 shows an alternative synthetic routes for a carboxamidefunctionality in the pendant side chain.

Cmpd 144(N-(5-(1-(6-amino-5-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)cyclohexanecarboxamide).A solution of (5-piperidin-3-yl-2-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-carbamic acidtert-butyl ester (240 mg, 0.65 mmol),4-amino-6-chloro-pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile (101 mg, 0.653 mmol), andK₂CO₃ (180 mg, 1.3 mmol) in DMF (5 mL, 0.06 mol) was heated to 90° C.After 16 h, the reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and washed withbrine, aq. NaHCO₃, and dilute citric acid. The organic solution wasdried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford a residue,which was purified by flash chromatography (EtOAc/Hexanes gradient).

A mixture of{5-[1-(6-amino-5-cyano-pyrimidin-4-yl)-piperidin-3-yl]-2-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl}-carbamicacid tert-butyl ester (120.0 mg, 0.251 mmol) and 4 N HCl in 1,4-dioxane(4 mL, 0.02 mol) was stirred for 2 h. The solution was concentratedunder reduced pressure and the residue triturated with aq. NaHCO₃. Themixture was extracted into EtOAc, and the organic phase was washed withaq. NaHCO₃, brine, dried (Na₂SO₄) filtered and concentrated underreduced pressure. The crude material was used without furtherpurification.

To a mixture of4-amino-6-[3-(3-amino-4-trifluoromethoxy-phenyl)-piperidin-1-yl]-pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile(40.1 mg, 0.106 mmol), DIEA (37 uL, 0.21 mmol), and THF (3 mL, 0.04 mol)at RT was added cyclohexanecarbonyl chloride (14 uL, 0.10 mmol). After 4h, the reaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was takenup in EtOAc, washed with aq. NaHCO₃, dil. citric acid, and brine. Theorganic phase was dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo.The crude material was purified by reverse phase chromatography C₁₈column and 10% acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFA to afford compound144. ¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 9.56 (s, 1H), 8.09 (s, 1H), 7.74 (d,J=2.01 Hz, 1H), 7.41-7.66 (m, 1H), 7.27-7.41 (m, 1H), 7.20 (dd, J=2.26,8.53 Hz, 1H), 4.51-4.74 (m, 2H), 3.13 (t, J=12.17 Hz, 2H), 2.82 (d,J=3.51 Hz, 1H), 1.52-2.04 (m, 10H), 1.07-1.50 (m, 5H)

By varying the reagents as appropriate in the synthetic route describedin Scheme 29, the following compounds were synthesized.

N-(5-(1-(6-amino-5-cyanopyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-2-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-2-chlorobenzamide.¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz): δ 10.37 (s, 1H), 8.09 (s, 1H), 7.76 (s, 1H),7.36-7.64 (m, 6H), 7.32 (dd, J=2.01, 8.53 Hz, 1H), 4.63 (br. s., 2H),3.02-3.29 (m, 2H), 2.88 (br. s., 1H), 2.00 (br. s., 1H), 1.84 (br. s.,2H), 1.65 (br. s., 1H).

Example 30

(R)-tert-butyl 3-(5-bromopentanamido)piperidine-1-carboxylate. To asolution of 30.1 (10 mmol) and Et₃N (12 mmol) in CH₂Cl₂ (30 mL) was the5-bromovaleryl chloride (11 mmol) at 0° C. After stirring at 0° C. for30 minutes, the reaction mixture was diluted with CH₂Cl₂ (100 mL),washed with sat. aq. NaHCO₃, sat. aq. NH₄Cl, and brine respectively. Theorganic phase was dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo toafford a residue which was purified by column chromatography (gradientHexane-EtOAc) to give compound 30.2.

(R)-tert-butyl 2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidine-1′-carboxylate. A solution of30.2 (5 mmol) in DMF (25 mL) was treated with NaH (60% in mineral oil,5.5 mmol) at rt. After stirring at rt for 24 h, the reaction mixture wasquenched upon addition of sat. aq. NH₄Cl (300 uL). The solvent wasremoved in vacuo to afford a residue which was diluted with water. Themixture was extracted with EtOAc for several times. The extracts werecombined and washed with sat. aq. NaHCO₃, sat. aq. NH₄Cl, and brine,respectively. The organic layer was dried (Na₂SO₄) and concentrated invacuo to give a residue which was purified by column chromatography(silica gel, gradient EtOAc in Hexane) to give compound 30.3.

(3′R)-tert-butyl 2-oxo-3-(phenylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidine-1′-carboxylate.To a solution of 30.3 (3 mmol) in THF (12 m) was added LDA (2.0 M inheptane/THF/ethylbenzene, 4.5 mmol)) at −15° C. After stirring at −15°C. for 1 h, the reaction mixture was cooled down to −78° C. andsubsequently, a solution of phenyl sulfonyl chloride (4.5 mmol) in THF(3 mL) was added. The resulting mixture was slowly warmed up to rt.After stirring at rt overnight, the reaction was quenched by addingseveral milliliters of sat. aq. NaHCO₃ and then concentrated in vacuo toafford a residue. The residue was diluted with H₂O (50 mL) and extractedwith EtOAc (40 mL×4). The organic extracts were combined and washed withsat. aq. NaHCO₃, sat. aq. NH₄Cl, brine, dried (Na₂SO₄) and concentratedin vacuo. The residue was dissolved in DMF (10 mL) and treated withaniline (3 mmol), K₂CO₃ (6 mmol), LiBr (6 mmol) at 80° C. overnight. Thereaction mixture was concentrated in vacuo to afford a residue which wasdiluted with H₂O and extracted with EtOAc for several times. The organicextracts were combined, washed with brine, dried (Na₂SO₄) andconcentrated in vacuo to afford an oil which was purified by columnchromatography (silica gel gradient EtOAc in hexane) to give compound30.4.

(3′R)-3-(phenylamino)-1′-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.To a solution of 30.4 in 1,4-dioxane (10 mL) was added 4 N HCl indioxane (10 mmol). The solution was stirred for 2 h, quenched with theaddition of NaHCO₃ and extracted with EtOAc. The organic phase wasseparated, dried, and concentrated in vacuo to afford an oil. The oilwas dissolved in DMF (4 mL), treated with DIEA (6 mmol) and4-chloropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (1 mmol) and heated to 100° C. for 4 h.The solution was cooled to rt, diluted with water and extracted withEtOAc, the organic phase was dried (Na₂SO₄) and concentrated in vacuo toafford an oil which was purified by reverse phase chromatography C 18column and 10% acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFA to afford compound271. EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₂H₂₆N₆O (M⁺+1) 391.48. found 391.30. ¹HNMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz) δ 12.54 (s, 1H), 8.35 (s, 1H), 7.40 (s, 1H), 7.09(m, 2H), 6.89 (s, 1H), 6.69 (m, 2H), 6.59 (m, 1H), 4.54 (m, 2H), 4.36(m, 1H), 4.03 (m, 1H), 3.41 (m, 4H), 2.15 (m, 1H), 1.81˜1.95 (m, 6H),1.66 (m, 2H) ppm.

1-((R)-1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-3-(phenylamino)pyrrolidin-2-one.Compound 270 was synthesized according to procedure described forcompound 271 using 4-bromobutyryl chloride in place of 5-bromovalerylchloride. EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₁H₂₄N₆O (M⁺+1) 377.20. found 377.35.¹H NMR (d⁶-DMSO, 400 MHz) δ 12.58 (s, 1H), 8.37 (s, 1H), 7.44 (s, 1H),7.07 (m, 2H), 6.97 (s, 1H), 6.67 (m, 2H), 6.56 (m, 1H), 4.53 (m, 2H),4.14 (m, 1H), 3.99 (m, 1H), 3.23-3.51 (m, 5H), 1.67˜1.91 (m, 6H) ppm.

(3′R)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-1′-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 275 was synthesized according to procedure described forcompound 271 using 3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline in place of aniline. EIMS(m/z): calcd. for C₂₂H₂₄ClFN₆O (M⁺+1) 443.9. found 443.9. ¹H NMR (400MHz, MeOD) δ 8.01 (s, 1H), 7.14 (s, 1H), 6.61 (s, 1H), 6.51 (s, 1H),6.27-6.42 (m, 1H), 4.64-4.78 (m, 2H), 4.40 (br. s., 1H), 3.42-3.62 (m,2H), 2.99-3.14 (m, 1H), 2.76-2.88 (m, 1H), 2.33 (br. s., 1H), 2.07-2.21(m, 2H), 1.87-2.03 (m, 4H), 1.66-1.79 (m, 2H).

(3′R)-3-(3,5-Dichloro-phenylamino)-1′-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 276 was synthesized according to procedure described forcompound 271 using 3,5-dichloroaniline in place of aniline. EIMS (m/z):calcd. for C₂₂H₂₄Cl₂N₆O (M⁺+1) 459.2. found 459.3. ¹H NMR (400 MHz,MeOD) δ 8.30 (s, 1H), 7.36 (s, 1H), 7.01 (s, 1H), 6.63 (s, 1H), 6.58 (d,J=8.53 Hz, 1H), 4.66 (br. s., 1H), 4.49 (br. s., 1H), 4.11 (s, 1H), 3.50(br. s., 2H), 2.28 (br. s., 1H), 2.04-2.14 (m, 1H), 1.89-2.04 (m, 2H),1.66-1.86 (m, 2H).

(3′R)-1′-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 277 was synthesized according to procedure described forcompound 275 using 6-chloro-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-amine in place of4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine. EIMS (m/z): calcd. forC₂₂H₂₄F₂ClN₆O (M⁺+1) 437.1. found 437.1. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD) δ 7.73(s, 1H), 6.39 (s, 1H), 6.24 (d, J=9.04 Hz, 2H), 4.26 (br. s., 3H),3.88-4.02 (m, 1H), 3.25-3.41 (m, 2H), 3.06 (s, 1H), 2.84 (s, 1H), 2.12(br. s., 1H), 1.84 (br. s., 5H), 1.60 (br. s., 2H).

(3′R)-1′-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 278 was synthesized according to procedure described forcompound 276 using 6-chloro-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-amine in place of4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine. EIMS (m/z): calcd. forC₂₂H₂₄FCl₂N₆O (M⁺+1) 454.1. found 454.1. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD) δ7.89-7.91 (m, 1H), 7.84-7.88 (m, 1H), 6.49-6.52 (m, 2H), 6.46-6.49 (m,1H), 4.37-4.46 (m, 2H), 4.20-4.32 (m, 1H), 3.93-4.00 (m, 1H), 3.25-3.42(m, 3H), 3.10-3.18 (m, 2H), 2.89-2.99 (m, 1H), 2.09-2.19 (m, 1H),1.76-1.92 (m, 7H), 1.61 (m, 2H).

Example 31

(2R,4R)-Methyl 4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylate hydrochloride. To asolution of (2R,4R)-4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid 31.1 (1.0 eq)in MeOH (31 eq) at 0° C. was added SOCl₂ (1.2 eq) dropwise. The reactionsolution was stirred at rt for 72 h. The resulting mixture wasconcentrated in vacuo to afford the compound 31.2 (90% yield) as a whitesolid. LCMS (m/z): 146.0 [M+H]⁺. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ: 4.44 (d,J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 4.33 (s, 1H), 3.70 (s, 3H), 3.03-3.00 (m, 1H), 2.30-2.23(m, 1H), 2.14-2.09 (m, 1H), 1.17 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 1H).

(2R,4R)-methyl 1-benzyl-4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylate. To asolution of (2R,4R)-methyl 4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylate 31.2 (1.0eq) and TEA (4.0 eq) in DCM (25 eq) at rt was added BnBr (1.2 eq). Afterthe addition was completed, the reaction solution was heated to refluxfor 16 h. After cooling to rt, the reaction mixture was washed with sat.aq. NaHCO₃ (10 mL×2) and water (10 mL×2), dried over Na₂SO₄, andevaporated in vacuo to afford a residue which was purified through asilica gel column (petroleum ether/EtOAc, 2:1) to get the desiredcompound 31.3, (81% yield) as a yellow oil. LCMS m/z 236.0 [M+H]⁺.

(2R,4R)-Methyl1-benzyl-4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate. To asolution of (2R,4R)-methyl 1-benzyl-4-hydroxypyrrolidine-2-carboxylate31.3 (1.0 eq) and TEA (2.0 eq) in DCM (15 eq) at rt was added TBSCl (1.2eq) in small portions followed by the addition of DMAP (0.01 eq). Thereaction mixture was warmed to 30° C. for 24 h, cooled to rt, washedwith sat. aq. NaHCO₃ (2×10 mL) and water (2×10 mL). The organic layerwas separated, dried over Na₂SO₄, and concentrated in vacuo to afford aresidue which was purified through a silica gel column (Petroleumether/EtOAc, 40:1) to afford 31.4 (78% yield) as a colorless oil. LCMSm/z 350.1 [M+H]⁺. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 7.31-7.22 (m, 5H),4.35-4.32 (bs, 1H), 3.95 (d, J=13.2 Hz, 1H), 3.68 (s, 3H), 3.62 (d,J=13.2 Hz, 1H), 3.34 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 2.95-2.92 (m, 1H), 2.71-2.67 (m,1H), 2.42-2.35 (m, 1H), 2.01-1.95 (m, 1H), 0.84 (s, 9H), −0.01 (s, 6H).

((2R,4R)-1-Benzyl-4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)pyrrolidin-2-yl)methanol.To a solution of (2R,4R) methyl 1-benzyl-4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)pyrrolidine-2-carboxylate 31.4 (1.0 eq) in dry THF (25 eq) at 0° C. wasadded LiBH₄ (1.5 eq) in small portions. The reaction mixture was stirredat 0° C. for 30 min and warmed to 30° C. for 16 h. The reaction wasquenched upon the addition of sat. aq. NaHCO₃ solution (10 mL) andextracted with EtOAc (10 mL*3). The organic layer was separated, washedwith aq. NaHCO₃ solution and water, dried over Na₂SO₄, and concentratedin vacuo. The residue was purified through a silica gel column (gradientpetroleum ether/EtOAc, 10:1, and DCM/MeOH, 20:1) to get the desiredcompound 31.5 (73% yield), as a yellow oil. LCMS m/z 322.1 [M+H]⁺. ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 7.35-7.25 (m, 5H), 4.26 (bs, 1H), 4.03 (d,J=10.4 Hz, 1H), 3.72 (d, J=10.4 Hz, 1H), 3.48-3.40 (m, 2H), 2.90-2.85(m, 2H), 2.45-2.42 (m, 1H), 2.25-2.17 (m, 1H), 1.90-1.84 (m, 1H), 0.83(s, 9H), −0.01 (s, 6H).

(3S,5R)-1-Benzyl-5-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)piperidin-3-ol. To asolution of ((2R,4R)-1-benzyl-4-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)pyrrolidin-2-yl) methanol 31.5 (1.0 eq) in dry THF (135 eq) at −78° C.was added TFAA (1.5 eq) slowly. After the addition was completed, thereaction mixture was stirred at this temperature for another 3 h. To thereaction mixture was added TEA (3.0 eq) dropwise and stirred for another15 min at −78° C. The reaction solution was then heated to reflux for 16h. After cooling to rt, 4 M NaOH (10 mL) was added and stirred at rtover 1 h, extracted with EtOAc (10 mL*3), washed with aq. NaOH andwater, dried over Na₂SO₄, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue waspurified through a silica gel column (gradient Petroleumether/EtOAc=20:1, and DCM/MeOH=40:1, 30:1, and 20:1) to afford 31.6(100% yield) as a yellow oil. LCMS m/z 322.1 [M+H]⁺. ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CDCl₃) δ: 7.32-7.17 (m, 5H), 3.91 (bs, 1H), 3.80 (bs, 1H), 3.63 (d,J=13.6 Hz, 1H), 3.41 (d, J=13.6 Hz, 1H), 2.62-2.45 (m, 2H), 2.42-2.39(m, 1H), 2.28-2.24 (m, 1H), 1.72 (bs, 2H), 0.84 (s, 9H), −0.001 (s, 3H),−0.06 (s, 3H).

(3S,5R)-5-(tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxy)piperidin-3-ol. To a solution of(3S,5R)-1-benzyl-5-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)piperidin-3-ol 31.6 (1.0eq) in EtOH (50 eq) was added Pd/C (20% w/w) and placed under anatmosphere of hydrogen. The resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 16h, filtered through Celite® and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuoto afford compound 31.7 (90% yield) as a yellow gum. LCMS m/z 232.0[M+H]⁺. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 3.78 (bs, 1H), 3.60 (bs, 1H),2.84-2.80 (m, 1H), 2.72-2.66 (m, 3H), 1.85-1.80 (m, 1H), 1.75-1.70 (m,1H), 0.81 (s, 9H), −0.02 (s, 3H), −0.06 (s, 3H).

(3R,5S)-tert-butyl-3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-5-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate.To a solution of (3S,5R)-5-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)piperidin-3-ol31.7 (1.0 eq) and TEA (2.0 eq) in DCM (27 eq) at 0° C. was added asolution of Boc₂O (1.2 eq) in DCM (4 eq). After stirring for 15 min at0° C., the solution was warmed up to 30° C. for another 5 min, cooled tort, washed with water (10 mL×3) and brine (10 mL), dried over Na₂SO₄,and concentrated in vacuo to afford compound 31.8 (100% yield) as ayellow oil. LCMS m/z 332.0 [M+H]⁺. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 3.90-3.65(m, 4H), 3.15-2.85 (m, 2H), 1.82-1.62 (m, 2H), 1.35 (s, 9H), 0.79 (s,9H), 0.01 (s, 3H), −0.001 (s, 3H).

(3R,5S)-tert-Butyl 3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-5-(methylsulfonyloxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate. To a solution of (3R,5S)-tert-butyl3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-5-hydroxy piperidine-1-carboxylate 31.8(1.0 eq) and TEA (3.0 eq) in DCM (80 eq) at 0° C. was added Ms₂O (1.5eq) in small portions. The mixture was stirred at 0° C. for 15 min,washed with water (30 mL×3) and brine (10 mL), dried over Na₂SO₄, andconcentrated in vacuo to afford the desired compound 31.9 (100% yield)as a yellow oil. LCMS m/z 410.0 [M+H]⁺. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ:4.48-4.42 (m, 1H), 4.21-4.18 (m, 1H), 4.15-3.82 (m, 1H), 3.60-3.55 (m,1H), 2.95 (s, 3H), 2.51-2.32 (m, 2H), 1.61-1.52 (m, 2H), 1.37 (s, 9H),0.83 (s, 9H), −0.001 (s, 6H).

(3R,5R)-tert-Butyl3-azido-5-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate. To asolution of (3R,5S)-tert-butyl3-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)-5-(methylsulfonyloxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate31.9 (1.0 eq) in dry DMF (63 eq) at rt was added NaN₃ (3.0 eq) in smallportions. The mixture was heated to 70° C. for 72 h. After cooling tort, the reaction was diluted with sat. aq. NaHCO₃ solution (20 mL) andEtOAc (20 mL). The organic layer was washed with sat. aq. NaHCO₃solution and water, dried over Na₂SO₄, and concentrated in vacuo. Theresidue was purified through a silica gel column (gradient Petroleumether/EtOAc=40:1, 30:1, and 20:1) to afford compound 31.10 (69% yield)as a yellow oil. LCMS m/z 257.0 [M−BOC+H]⁺. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ:3.85 (bs, 1H), 3.72 (bs, 1H), 3.47-3.32 (m, 2H), 3.20-3.06 (m, 2H),1.80-1.60 (m, 2H), 1.38 (s, 9H), 0.80 (s, 9H), −0.01 (s, 6H).

(3R,5R)-tert-butyl 3-azido-5-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate. To asolution of (3R,5R)-tert-butyl3-azido-5-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate 31.10(1.0 eq) in THF (100 eq) at 0° C. was added a solution of TBAF (1.2 eq)in THF (10 mL). The reaction solution was stirred at rt for 16 h anddiluted with water (10 mL) and EtOAc (10 mL). The organic layer waswashed with water and brine, dried over Na₂SO₄, and concentrated invacuo. The residue was purified through a silica gel column (gradientPetroleum ether/EtOAc=20:1, 10:1, 3:1, and 2:1) to afford compound 31.11(92% yield) as a colorless oil. LCMS m/z 265.0 [M+Na]⁺; ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CDCl₃) δ: 4.06-4.02 (m, 1H), 3.87-3.82 (m, 1H), 3.63-3.20 (m, 4H), 2.42(bs, 1H, —OH), 1.97-1.93 (m, 1H), 1.83-1.77 (m, 1H), 1.48 (s, 9H).

(3R,5S)-tert-butyl 3-azido-5-fluoropiperidine-1-carboxylate. To asolution of (3R,5R)-tert-butyl 3-azido-5-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate31.11 (1.0 eq) in dry DCM (85 eq) at −78° C. was added DAST (1.2 eq)slowly. The reaction solution was stirred at −78° C. for 2.0 h and at rtfor 16 h sat. aq. NaHCO₃ solution (20 mL) was added to this solution;the organic layer was washed with aq. NaHCO₃ solution and water, driedover Na₂SO₄, and concentrated in vacuo. The residue was purified througha silica gel column (gradient Petroleum/EtOAc=50:1, 40:1 and 30:1) toafford the desired compound 31.12 (40% yield) as a colorless oil. LCMSm/z 189.0 [M−^(t)Bu+H]⁺. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 4.81 (d, J=46.8 Hz,1H), 4.21-3.86 (m, 2H), 3.84-3.77 (m, 1H), 3.40-2.70 (m, 2H), 2.33-2.25(m, 1H), 1.82-1.60 (m, 1H), 1.47 (s, 9H).

(3R,5S)-tert-Butyl 3-amino-5-fluoropiperidine-1-carboxylate. To asolution of (3R,5S)-tert-butyl 3-azido-5-fluoropiperidine-1-carboxylate31.12 (1.0 eq) in THF (20 eq) at rt was added Raney-Ni (100% w/w). Themixture was flushed with H₂ for 2 times, stirred at rt for 16 h, andfiltered. The filtrate was concentrated in vacuo to get the crudeproduct, which was triturated with petroleum ether to afford the desiredcompound 31.13, (76% yield), as a white solid. LCMS m/z 163.1[M−^(t)Bu+H]⁺, and 219.0 [M+H]⁺. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ: 4.83 (d,J=37.6 Hz, 1H), 4.03-3.97 (m, 1H), 3.96-3.86 (m, 1H), 2.96-2.88 (m, 1H),2.80 (bs, 1H), 2.46-2.29 (m, 1H), 2.07-2.01 (bs, 1H), 1.51 (s, 2H,—NH₂), 1.39 (s, 9H), 1.36-1.23 (m, 1H).

(3′R,5′S)-tert-Butyl 5′-fluoro-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidine-1′-carboxylate.To a solution of (3R,5S)-tert-butyl3-amino-5-fluoropiperidine-1-carboxylate 31.13 (1 eq) and triethylamine(2 eq) in DCM (235 eq) was added 5-bromo-pentanoyl chloride (1.2 eq)over 10 min at 0° C. The solution was allowed to warm to rt and stirredfor 2 h. The reaction was quenched upon the addition of water, theorganic phase was separated, washed with brine (3 mL), dried andconcentrated in vacuo to afford a clear oil. The crude amide wasdissolved in THF (110 eq) and treated with sodium hydride (60% inmineral oil, 5 eq) at 0° C. The solution was allowed to warm to rt andheated to reflux for 3 h, cooled to rt and diluted with MeOH (5 mL) andwater/EtOAc (50 eq). The organic phase was separated, washed with brineand concentrated in vacuo to afford an oil which was purified by columnchromatography (gradient hexane:EtOAc) to afford the desired compound31.14 (60% yield).

(3′R,5′S)-tert-butyl3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-5′-fluoro-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidine-1′-carboxylate.To a solution of (3′R,5′S)-tert-butyl5′-fluoro-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidine-1′-carboxylate 31.14 (1 eq) in PhCH₃(35 eq) at 0 C was added TMSCl (2 eq) and TMEDA (3 eq). The solution wasstirred at 0 C for 30 min and treated with I₂ (1 eq). The reaction wasallowed to warm to rt while stirring for 2 h, quenched upon the additionof a sat. Na₂S₂O₄ solution (5 ml) and EtOAc (20 mL). The organic phasewas separated, washed with brine, dried (Na₂SO₄) and concentrated invacuo to afford a yellow oil. The crude material was dissolved THF (6mL) was added dropwise to a solution of 3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamine(1.2 eq) and sodium hydride (60% in mineral oil 2 eq) in THF (30 eq) at0° C. The mixture was allowed to warm to rt and stirred for 2 h,quenched upon addition of water and EtOAc (1:1, 40 mL). The organicphase was separated, washed with brine, dried (Na₂SO4) and concentratedin vacuo to afford an oil which was purified by column chromatography(gradient hexane-EtOAc) to afford compound 31.15. LCMS m/z 388[M−^(t)Bu+H]. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ=6.40-6.47 (m, 1H), 6.34-6.40(m, 1H), 6.15-6.24 (m, 1H), 5.08-5.17 (m, 1H), 4.74-4.82 (m, 2H),3.70-3.82 (m, 1H), 3.16-3.44 (m, 5H), 2.30-2.58 (m, 3H), 2.09-2.24 (m,2H), 1.91-2.02 (m, 2H), 1.71-1.86 (m, 4H), 1.55 (s, 9H).

(3′R,5′S)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-5′-fluoro-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.To a solution the Boc protected amine 31.15 (1 eq) was in 1,4-dioxane(50 eq) was added HCl (4 N in 1,4 dioxane 15 eq) and the solution washeated to 60° C. for 60 min. The solvent was removed in vacuo and thecrude amine (1.0 eq) was dissolved in 1-butanol (100 eq) and treatedwith 6-chloro-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-amine (1.5 eq) and DIPEA (10.0 eq).The reaction solution was stirred at 110° C. for 16 h, cooled to rt anddiluted with EtOAc (20 mL), washed with H₂O (10 mL), saturated brine (10mL), dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo. The residue waspurified by silica gel column chromatography (Petroleum ether/EtOAc 1/1)to give the desired product compound 279 as light yellow solid (63%yield). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.93 (br. s., 1H), 6.44 (br. s., 1H),6.39 (br. s., 1H), 6.23 (br. s., 1H), 4.71 (m, 1H), 4.01 (m, 1H), 3.82(m, 1H), 3.40 (br. s., 1H), 3.17-3.23 (m, 1), 2.47 (br. s., 1H), 2.35(s, 2H), 2.35 (m, 1H), 2.03 (br. s., 2H), 1.60 (br. s., 1H). EIMS (m/z):calcd. for C₂₀H₂₂ClF₃N₆O (M⁺) 454.8. found 454.8.

(3′R,5′S)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-5′-fluoro-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 280 was prepared in similar manner as described for compound279 except 3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline was substituted for3,5-dichloroaniline. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.94 (dd, J=1.51, 4.27Hz, 1H), 6.70 (s, 1H), 6.48 (s, 2H), 4.77 (br. s., 2H), 4.60-4.73 (m,1H), 4.48-4.58 (m, 1H), 4.16-4.28 (m, 1H), 3.79 (br. s., 1H), 3.41 (br.s., 3H), 3.05-3.25 (m, 1H), 2.46 (br. s., 2H), 2.27 (br. s., 1H), 2.05(s, 2H), 1.56 (br. s., 1H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₀H₂₂Cl₂F₂N₆O (M⁺)471. found 471.

Example 32

Methyl 4-methylnicotinate. To a solution of 32.1 (1.0 eq) in MeOH (30eq), Oxalyl chloride (2.0 eq) was added at rt. Then the mixture wasstirred under refluxing condition for 16 h. After the reaction wascompleted, the organic solution was concentrated via rotary evaporator.The crude product 32.2 as a white solid (100% yield) was used directlyin the next step without purification. ESI-MS (M+H⁺): 152.2. ¹H NMR (400MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 8.92 (s, 1H), 8.60 (d, 1H), 7.39 (d, 1H), 3.87 (s, 3H),2.54 (s, 3H).

Methyl 4-methylpiperidine-3-carboxylate. To a solution of 32.2 (1.0 eq)in AcOH (25 eq), PtO₂ (0.2 eq) was carefully added at rt under N₂. ThenN₂ was changed with H₂ and the reaction was stirred at 45° C. for 16 h.After the reaction was completed, the mixture was filtered throughcelite. The organic layer was concentrated to give the target compound(60% yield). The crude product 32.3 was used directly in the next stepwithout purification. ESI-MS (M+H⁺): 158.2. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ:3.61 (s, 3H), 3.10-3.05 (m, 1H), 2.96-2.92 (m, 1H), 2.79-2.74 (m, 1H),2.60-2.51 (m, 1H), 2.48-2.44 (m, 1H), 2.19-2.13 (m, 1H), 1.96-1.93 (m,1H), 1.47-1.44 (m, 1H), 0.89 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).

1-tert-Butyl 3-methyl 4-methylpiperidine-1,3-dicarboxylate. To asolution of amine 32.3 (1.0 eq) in DCM (41 eq), DIPEA (2.0 eq) and DMAP(0.1 eq) were added. Then Boc₂O (1.2 eq) was added to this solution insmall portions and the reaction was stirred at rt for 16 h. After thereaction was completed, the solution was washed with brine, dried(Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated via rotary evaporator. The crudeproduct 32.4 (81% yield) was used directly in the next step withoutpurification. ESI-MS (M+H⁺−55): 202.1. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ:3.68-3.64 (m, 3H), 3.61-3.59 (m, 1H), 3.59-3.53 (m, 1H), 3.46-3.42 (m,1H), 3.42-3.39 (m, 1H), 2.58-2.56 (m, 1H), 2.16-2.13 (m, 1H), 1.69-1.62(m, 1H), 1.61-1.58 (m, 1H), 1.45 (s, 9H), 0.97 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H).

trans 1-(tert-Butoxycarbonyl)-4-methylpiperidine-3-carboxylic acid. To asolution of 32.4 (1.0 eq) in THF/H₂O (2:1, 30 eq), LiOH (3 eq) was addedand the reaction was stirred at 30° C. for 16 h. After the reaction wascompleted, the solution was removed. The residue was diluted with waterand acidified to pH 6 with HCl and extracted with EtOAc (20 mL×3). Theorganic layer was collected, concentrated in vacuo to give product 32.5as white solid (61% yield). ESI-MS (M+H⁺−55): 188.1. ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CDCl₃) δ: 3.69-3.63 (m, 1H), 3.58-3.53 (m, 1H), 3.46-3.42 (m, 1H),3.38-3.32 (m, 1H), 2.62-2.58 (m, 1H), 2.19-2.15 (m, 1H), 1.69-1.62 (m,1H), 1.61-1.53 (m, 1H), 1.44 (s, 9H), 1.03 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H).

trans tert-Butyl 3-amino-4-methylpiperidine-1-carboxylate. To a solutionof amine 32.5 (1.0 eq) in toluene (120 eq), Et₃N (1.2 eq) and DPPA (1.0eq) were added. Then the reaction was heated to reflux for 3 h. Aftercooling to 0° C., a 1 M TMSONa in CH₂Cl₂ (2 eq) was added and themixture was stirred for 20 min at rt. After quenching with 5% citricacid (72 mL), the mixture was concentrated to half-volume. The residuewas washed with Et₂O (10 mL×2), the remained aqueous solution was madebasic with NaOH and extracted with CH₂Cl₂ (20 mL×3). The organic layerwas collected, concentrated in vacuo to afford the crude product 32.6(77% yield) was used directly in the next step without purification.ESI-MS (M+H⁺): 215.1. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 3.89-3.88 (m, 2H),3.04-3.01 (m, 1H), 2.89-2.85 (m, 2H), 1.45-1.43 (m, 12H), 0.97 (d, J=7.2Hz, 3H).

trans tert-Butyl3-(5-bromopentanamido)-4-methylpiperidine-1-carboxylate. To a solutionof amine 32.6 (1.0 eq) in CH₂Cl₂ (23 eq), Et₃N (2.0 eq) was added at rt.After the reaction solution was stirred at rt for 10 min, 5-bromovalerylchloride (1.2 eq) was added. The reaction solution was stirred at rt for2 h. The mixture was quenched with H₂O (5 mL) and extracted with EtOAc(10 mL×3). The organic layer was collected, concentrated, and theresidue was purified by silica gel chromatography (PE/EA, 8/1) to giveas yellow oil 32.7 (51% yield). ESI-MS (M+H⁺−55): 321.0. ¹H NMR (400MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 5.58 (d, J=9.2 Hz, 1H), 4.13-4.02 (m, 3H), 3.43 (t, J=6.4Hz, 2H), 2.89-2.85 (m, 1H), 2.76-2.69 (m, 1H), 2.24 (t, J=6.8 Hz, 2H),1.95-1.76 (m, 7H), 1.45 (s, 9H), 0.90 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 3H).

trans tert-Butyl 4′-methyl-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidine-1′-carboxylate. To asolution of amide 32.7 (1.0 eq) in dry THF (80 eq), NaH (2.0 eq) wasadded in portions at 0° C. under N₂. The reaction solution was stirredat 60° C. for 16 h. The mixture was quenched with H₂O (8 mL) andextracted with EtOAc (15 mL×3). The organic layer was collected,concentrated and the residue was purified by silica gel chromatography(PE/EA, 6/1) to give 32.8 as yellow oil (370 mg, yield: 62%). ESI-MS(M+H⁺): 297.1. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 4.73-4.70 (m, 1H), 3.85-3.78(m, 2H), 3.41-3.28 (m, 4H), 2.44-2.39 (m, 2H), 2.19-2.10 (m, 1H),1.69-1.61 (m, 4H), 1.47-1.43 (m, 11H), 0.98 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).

trans tert-Butyl 3-iodo-4′-methyl-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidine-1 carboxylate.To the solution of 32.8 (1.0 eq) in dry toluene (70 eq), TMEDA (3.0 eq)and TMSCl (2.0 eq) were added successively at 0° C. under N₂. After 0.5h, I₂ (1.4 eq) was carefully added in small portions and then thereaction was stirred at rt for 16 h. The mixture was diluted with EtOAc(10 mL), washed with saturated Na₂S₂O₃ (10 mL×2) and brine (10 mL),dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated via rotary evaporator. Thecrude product 32.9 was used directly in the next step withoutpurification. ESI-MS (M+H⁺): 423.0. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 4.87-4.86(m, 1H), 4.70-4.66 (m, 1H), 3.85-3.80 (m, 1H), 3.44-3.42 (m, 2H),2.23-2.21 (m, 2H), 1.82-1.76 (m, 2H), 1.69-1.64 (m, 3H), 1.46-1.42 (m,11H), 1.08-0.97 (m, 3H).

trans tert-Butyl3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-4′-methyl-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidine-1′-carboxylate.To a solution of 3,5-dichlorobenzenamine (1.5 eq) in THF (70 eq), NaH(1.5 eq) was carefully added in small portions at rt. The reactionsolution was stirred at rt for 1 h. Then crude iodo intermediate 32.9(1.0 eq) was added and the mixture was stirred at 60° C. for 16 h. Thereaction was quenched with saturated aqueous NH₄Cl (10 mL) and extractedwith EtOAc (20 mL×3). The organic layer was collected, concentrated andthe residue was purified by silica gel chromatography (Petroleumether/EtOAc 3/1) to give 32.10 as light yellow solid (57% yield). ESI-MS(M+Na⁺): 478.0. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 6.67 (s, 1H), 6.48 (s, 2H),5.29 (s, 1H), 4.68-4.58 (m, 1H), 3.97-3.76 (m, 4H), 3.44-3.34 (m, 2H),2.47-2.41 (m, 1H), 1.96-1.91 (m, 2H), 1.80-1.76 (m, 1H), 1.68-1.60 (m,1H), 1.47-1.42 (m, 12H), 1.01-0.93 (m, 3H).

trans 3-(3,5-Dichlorophenylamino)-4′-methyl-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one. To asolution of Boc protected piperidine 32.10 (1 eq) in CH₂Cl₂ (100 eq),CF₃COOH (10 eq) was carefully added at rt. The reaction solution wasstirred at rt for 2 h. The solvent was removed to give crude product32.11 (96% yield) which was used directly in the next step withoutpurification. ESI-MS (M+H⁺): 356.2. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 6.66 (s,1H), 6.48 (s, 2H), 5.35-5.32 (m, 1H), 4.51-4.49 (m, 1H), 3.85-3.80 (m,2H), 3.52-3.46 (m, 1H), 3.39-3.32 (m, 1H), 3.29-3.18 (m, 1H), 3.08-2.99(m, 2H), 2.84-2.78 (m, 1H), 2.48-2.41 (m, 1H), 2.15-2.12 (m, 1H),1.91-1.88 (m, 2H), 1.72-1.69 (m, 1H), 1.57-1.42 (m, 2H), 1.03-0.96 (m,3H).

trans-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-4′-methyl-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.To a solution of amine 32.11 (1.0 eq) in 1-butanol (100 eq),6-chloro-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-amine (1.5 eq) and DIPEA (10.0 eq) wereadded under N₂. The reaction solution was stirred at 110° C. for 16 h.The mixture was diluted with EtOAc (20 mL), washed with H₂O (10 mL),saturated brine (10 mL), dried (Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated invacuo. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography(Petroleum ether/EtOAc 1/1) to give the desired compound 281 as lightyellow solid (63% yield). ESI-MS (M+H⁺): 467.0. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃)δ: 7.94 (s, 1H), 6.68 (s, 1H), 6.49 (s, 2H), 5.30 (br s, 1H), 5.16 (brs, 2H), 4.76-4.67 (m, 1H), 4.24-4.16 (m, 1H), 3.86-3.81 (m, 1H),3.77-3.63 (m, 2H), 3.46-3.38 (m, 2H), 2.50-2.46 (m, 1H), 2.24-2.18 (m,1H), 1.89-1.79 (m, 4H), 1.68-1.66 (m, 1H), 1.53-1.43 (m, 1H), 1.08-1.00(m, 3H).

trans-tert-Butyl3-(3-chlorophenylamino)-4′-methyl-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidine-1′-carboxylate.Compound 32.12 was prepared in similar manner as described for compound32.10 except 3-chloro-aniline was substituted for 3,5-dichloroaniline.ESI-MS (M+H⁺): 422.1. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 7.07 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 1H),6.70-6.68 (m, 1H), 6.63-6.61 (m, 1H), 6.59-6.56 (m, 1H), 4.70-4.59 (m,1H), 3.91-3.82 (m, 2H), 3.61-3.56 (m, 2H), 3.45-3.34 (m, 4H), 2.51-2.48(m, 1H), 2.13-2.05 (m, 1H), 1.92-1.89 (m, 2H), 1.81-1.77 (m, 1H),1.67-1.63 (m, 2H), 1.45 (s, 9H), 1.08-0.93 (m, 3H).

trans-3-(3-Chlorophenylamino)-4′-methyl-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one. Compound32.13 was prepared in similar manner as described for compound 32.11.ESI-MS (M+H⁺): 322.1. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 7.08 (t, J=8.0 Hz, 1H),6.70-6.67 (m, 1H), 6.59 (s, 1H), 6.54-6.51 (m, 1H), 5.07 (br s, 1H),4.19-4.18 (m, 1H), 3.88-3.86 (m, 1H), 3.55-3.46 (m, 6H), 3.02-2.94 (m,1H), 2.46-2.41 (m, 1H), 2.24-2.20 (m, 1H), 2.01-1.96 (m, 2H), 1.79-1.74(m, 1H), 1.63-1.47 (m, 2H), 1.08-0.86 (m, 3H).

trans-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chlorophenylamino)-4′-methyl-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 282 was prepared in similar manner as described for compound281. ESI-MS (M+H⁺): 433.0. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 7.94 (s, 1H), 7.08(t, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.68 (d, J=8.0 Hz, 1H), 6.59 (s, 1H), 6.53 (dd, J=8.0Hz, 2.0 Hz, 1H), 5.19 (br s, 1H), 4.82 (br s, 2H), 4.78-4.69 (m, 1H),4.23-4.05 (m, 2H), 3.88-3.81 (m, 1H), 3.76-3.58 (m, 1H), 3.48-3.32 (m,2H), 2.51-2.49 (m, 1H), 2.24-2.17 (m, 1H), 1.90-1.78 (m, 3H), 1.59-1.46(m, 3H), 1.07-0.99 (m, 3H).

Example 33

(3R,5S)-tert-Butyl 3-azido-5-(benzoyloxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate. To asolution of (3R,5R)-tert-butyl 3-azido-5-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate33.1 (1.0 eq) in THF (27 eq) was added benzoic acid (1.2 eq) andtriphenylphosphine (1.2 eq), and the mixture was cooled to 0° C. DIAD(1.2 eq) was added portion wise over 30 minutes, and the mixture waswarmed to rt and stirred for about 20 hours. The mixture was dilutedwith EtOAc (80 mL), and water (50 mL) was added. The mixture was washedwith brine (30 mL), extracted with EtOAc (50 mL*3). The organic layerswere dried with MgSO₄ and filtered. The solvent was removed in vacuo toafford the residue, which was purified by column chromatography onsilica gel (PE/EtOAc, 20/1) to give product 33.2 (65% yield) of asyellow oil. LCMS m/z 347.2 [M+H]⁺; ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 8.07-8.05(d, J=7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.58 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 7.45 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 2H),5.03-5.01 (m, 1H), 3.91 (bs, 2H), 3.66 (bs, 1H), 3.36-3.30 (m, 1H),3.19-3.14 (m, 1H), 2.45-2.40 (m, 1H), 1.89-1.82 (m, 1H), 1.42 (s, 9H).

(3R,5S)-tert-Butyl 3-azido-5-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate. To asolution of (3R,5S)-tert-butyl3-azido-5-(benzoyloxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate 33.2 (1.0 eq) in dioxane(15 eq) and H₂O (70 eq) at 0° C. was added NaOH (3.0 eq). The reactionsolution was heated to 70° C. for 1 h. After cooling to rt, to thisreaction solution, water (20 mL) and EtOAc (20 mL) were added. Theorganic layer was washed with water (20 mL) and brine (20 mL), driedover Na₂SO₄, and concentrated in vacuo to afford the desired compound33.3 (90% yield) as yellow oil. LCMS m/z 265.0 [M+Na]⁺; ¹H NMR (400 MHz,CDCl₃) δ: 3.78-3.71 (m, 3H), 3.57 (bs, 1H), 3.17-3.07 (m, 2H), 2.22-2.17(m, 2H), 1.68-1.61 (m, 1H), 1.48 (s, 9H).

(3R,5S)-tert-Butyl-3-azido-5-((2-methoxyethoxy)methoxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate.To a solution of (3R,5S)-tert-butyl3-azido-5-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate 33.3 (1.0 eq) and DIPEA (3.0eq) in DCM (25 eq) at 0° C. was added MEMCl (3.0 eq). The reactionsolution was heated to 70° C. for 48 h. After cooling to rt, to thissolution, water (20 mL) and DCM (50 mL) were added. The organic layerwas washed with water (30 mL*2) and brine (20 mL*2), dried over Na₂SO₄,and concentrated in vacuo to afford the residue, which was purified bycolumn chromatography on silica gel (PE/EtOAc, 20/1) to give (60% yield)of the desired compound 33.4 as yellow oil. LCMS m/z 331.1 [M+H]⁺; ¹HNMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ: 4.78-4.76 (m, 2H), 4.18 (bs, 2H), 3.74-3.71 (m,2H), 3.62-3.61 (m, 1H), 3.58-3.56 (m, 3H), 3.40 (s, 3H), 3.39-3.38 (m,1H), 2.61-2.55 (m, 2H), 2.46-2.43 (m, 1H), 1.46 (s, 9H).

(3R,5S)-tert-Butyl3-amino-5-((2-methoxyethoxy)methoxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate. A solutionof(3R,5S)-tert-butyl-3-azido-5-((2-methoxyethoxy)methoxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate33.4 (1.0 eq) in THF (36 eq) was flushed with N₂ for 3 times. Raney Ni(10% w/w) was added, and the mixture was flushed with H₂ for 3 times.The resulting mixture was stirred at rt for 32 h, and filtered. Thefiltrate was concentrated in vacuo to afford the residue, which waspurified by column chromatography on silica gel (Petroleum ether/EtOAc,2/1) to give 33.5 (62% yield) as yellow oil. LCMS m/z 305.1 [M+H]⁺; ¹HNMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ: 4.67 (AB, 2H), 4.04 (bs, 1H), 3.84 (bs, 1H),3.60-3.56 (m, 2H), 3.47-3.45 (m, 3H), 3.27 (s, 3H), 2.57-2.53 (m, 1H),2.26 (bs, 2H), 2.12-2.10 (m, 1H), 1.39 (s, 9H), 1.06 (q, 1H).

(3′R,5′S)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-5′-((2-methoxyethoxy)methoxy)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 33.6 was prepared in similar manner as described in Example 281except (3R,5S)-tert-butyl3-amino-5-((2-methoxyethoxy)methoxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate wassubstituted for trans-tert-butyl3-amino-4-methylpiperidine-1-carboxylate. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.93(s, 1H), 6.69 (s, 1H), 6.48 (s, 2H), 4.80 (br. s., 1H), 5.16 (br. s,1H), 4.61 (br. s., 4H), 4.48 (br. s., 1H), 4.36 (br. s., 1H), 3.79 (br.s., 2H), 3.71 (br. s., 2H), 3.57 (br. s., 2H), 3.39 (s, 5H), 2.97 (br.s., 1H), 2.70 (s, 1H), 2.63-2.75 (m, 1H), 2.69 (q, J=1.00 Hz, 1H), 2.46(br. s., 1H), 2.25 (br. s., 1H), 1.97 (br. s., 2H), 1.82 (br. s., 1H),1.55 (br. s., 1H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₄H₃₁Cl₂FN₆O₄ (M⁺) 557. found577.

(3′R,5′S)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-5′-hydroxy-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 283 was prepared in similar manner as described in 280 except(3R,5S)-tert-butyl3-amino-5-((2-methoxyethoxy)methoxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate wassubstituted for (3R,5S)-tert-butyl3-amino-5-fluoropiperidine-1-carboxylate. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.06(d, J=3.76 Hz, 1H), 6.52-6.74 (m, 3H), 4.62-4.75 (m, 1H), 4.48-4.59 (m,1H), 4.33-4.47 (m, 1H), 4.02-4.15 (m, 1H), 3.71-3.79 (m, 2H), 3.62-3.70(m, 2H), 3.54-3.62 (m, 1H), 3.38-3.52 (m, 2H), 2.80-2.91 (m, 1H),2.10-2.28 (m, 2H), 1.82-2.02 (m, 3H), 1.64-1.78 (m, 1H). EIMS (m/z):calcd. for C₂₀H₂₃Cl₂FN₆O₂ (M⁺) 469. found 469.

(3′R,5′S)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-5′-hydroxy-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 284 was prepared in similar manner as described in 279 except(3R,5S)-tert-butyl3-amino-5-((2-methoxyethoxy)methoxy)piperidine-1-carboxylate wassubstituted for (3R,5S)-tert-butyl3-amino-5-fluoropiperidine-1-carboxylate. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 7.93(s, 1H), 6.41-6.47 (m, 1H), 6.39 (s, 1H), 6.18-6.25 (m, 1H), 4.79 (br.s., 2H), 4.42-4.58 (m, 2H), 4.28-4.38 (m, 1H), 3.88-3.98 (m, 1H),3.76-3.84 (m, 1H), 3.30-3.47 (m, 2H), 2.91-3.02 (m, 1H), 2.64-2.73 (m,1H), 2.42-2.52 (m, 1H), 2.15-2.26 (m, 1H), 1.97 (br. s., 2H), 1.71-1.84(m, 1H), 1.56 (br. s., 2H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₀H₂₃ClF₂N₆O₂ (M⁺)469. found 469.

4-((3′R)-3-(3-Chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidin-1′-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carbonitrile.Compound 285 was prepared in similar manner as described in 277 except4-chloro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine-5-carbonitrile was substituted for4-6-chloro-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-amine. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃) δ 10.03(d, J=14.56 Hz, 1H), 8.20-8.33 (m, 1H), 7.22 (br. s., 1H), 6.71 (dd,J=1.63, 14.68 Hz, 1H), 6.34-6.48 (m, 2H), 6.22 (d, J=11.04 Hz, 1H), 4.56(dd, J=3.76, 10.54 Hz, 1H), 4.08-4.18 (m, 2H), 3.84 (d, J=4.77 Hz, 1H),3.26-3.56 (m, 3H), 2.39-2.54 (m, 1H), 1.88-2.04 (m, 5H), 1.52-1.73 (m,2H), 1.26 (t, J=7.15 Hz, 1H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₄H₂₄ClFN₆O (M⁺H)467. found 467.

(3′R)-3-(3-Chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-1′-(5-fluoro-6-(methylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 286 was prepared in similar manner as described for compound277 except 6-chloro-5-fluoro-N-methyl pyrimidin-4-amine was substitutedfor 6-chloro-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-amine. EIMS (m/z): calcd. forC₂₁H₂₅ClF₂N₆O (M⁺) 451. found 451. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ=7.90 (s,1H), 6.55 (s, 1H), 6.49-6.34 (m, 2H), 4.25 (m, 1H), 4.12 (m, 3H),3.41-3.23 (m, 2H), 3.11-2.94 (m, 1H), 2.82 (m, 4H), 2.09 (m, 1H),1.93-1.63 (m, 5H), 1.64-1.43 (m, 2H).

(3′R)-3-(3-Chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-1′-(6-(ethylamino)-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 287 was prepared in similar manner as described for compound277 except 6-chloro-5-fluoro-N-ethyl pyrimidin-4-amine was substitutedfor 6-chloro-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-amine. EIMS (m/z): calcd. forC₂₂H₂₇ClF₂N₆O (M⁺) 465. found 465. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ=7.92 (m,1H), 7.36-7.14 (m, 1H), 6.61-6.50 (m, 1H), 6.40 (m, 2H), 4.35-3.98 (m,4H), 3.33 (m, 4H), 3.12-2.95 (m, 1H), 2.93-2.78 (m, 1H), 2.21-2.00 (m,1H), 1.80 (m, 7H), 1.11 (t, 3H).

(3′R)-3-(3-Chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-1′-(5-fluoro-6-(propylamino)pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 288 was prepared in similar manner as described for compound277 except 6-chloro-5-fluoro-N-propyl pyrimidin-4-amine was substitutedfor 6-chloro-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-amine. EIMS (m/z): calcd. forC₂₃H₂₉ClF₂N₆O (M⁺) 479. found 479. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ=7.91 (t,J=1.9 Hz, 1H), 7.36-7.15 (m, 1H), 6.60-6.49 (m, 1H), 6.50-6.34 (m, 2H),4.39-3.98 (m, 4H), 3.46-3.19 (m, 4H), 3.13-2.96 (m, 1H), 2.94-2.75 (m,1H), 2.19-1.99 (m, 1H), 1.95-1.63 (m, 5H), 1.63-1.41 (m, 4H), 0.86 (t,J=7.4 Hz, 3H).

(3′R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-chloropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 289 was prepared in similar manner as described for compound277 except 5,6-dichloropyrimidin-4-amine was substituted for6-chloro-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-amine. EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₀H₂₃Cl₂FN₆O(M⁺H) 454. found 454. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ=8.03 (d, J=2.0 Hz,1H), 6.54 (s, 1H), 6.49-6.29 (m, 2H), 4.43-4.23 (m, 1H), 4.15-3.98 (m,2H), 3.91 (m, 1H), 3.34 (m, 2H), 3.47-3.24 (m, 2H), 3.01 (m, 1H), 2.77(m, 1H), 2.11 (m, 1H), 1.85-1.76 (m, 3H), 1.94-1.39 (m, 7H).

(3′R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(tert-butylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 290 was prepared in similar manner as described for compound277 except 2-methylpropan-2-amine was substituted for3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline. LCMS [M+1]: 365. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ7.73 (s, 1H), 6.53 (s, 2H), 4.23-4.12 (m, 3H), 3.45-3.29 (m, 3H), 2.99(t, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 2.79 (t, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 1.77-1.55 (m, 8H), 1.16 (s,9H).

(3′R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(benzylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 291 was prepared in similar manner as described for compound277 except phenylmethanamine was substituted for3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline. LCMS [M+1]: 399. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ7.746 and 7.741 (2s, 1H), 7.32-7.28 (m, 4H), 7.24-7.21 (m, 1H), 6.54 (s,2H), 4.26-4.04 (m, 3H), 3.78-3.68 (m, 2H), 3.33-3.21 (m, 2H), 3.10-3.00(m, 1H), 2.97 (t, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 2.78 (t, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 2.04-2.00 (m,1H), 1.90-1.43 (m, 8H).

(3′R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(neopentylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 292 was prepared in similar manner as described for compound277 except 2,2-dimethylpropan-1-amine was substituted for3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline. LCMS [M+1]: 379 1H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ7.76 (s, 1H), 5.49 (s, 2H), 4.39-4.26 (m, 3H), 3.43-3.35 (m, 2H),3.15-3.07 (m, 1H), 2.88 (t, J=12.0 Hz, 1H), 2.46-2.41 (m, 2H), 2.22-2.19(m, 1H), 2.02-1.84 (m, 6H), 1.74-1.59 (m, 2H), 0.99 and 0.98 (2s, 9H).

(3′R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(cyclohexylmethylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 293 was prepared in similar manner as described for compound277 except cyclohexylmethanamine was substituted for3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline. LCMS [M+1]: 405. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆):δ7.74 (s, 1H), 6.53 (s, 2H), 4.23-4.05 (m, 3H), 3.27-3.22 (m, 2H),3.06-2.96) m, 2H), 2.78 (t, J=13.2 Hz, 1H), 2.41-2.33 (m, 2H), 1.99-1.95(m, 1H), 1.78-1.52 (m, 10H), 1.39-1.29 (m, 2H), 1.23-1.10 (m, 4H),0.89-0.85 (m, 2H).

(3′R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(4,4-difluorocyclohexylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 294 was prepared in similar manner as described for compound277 except 4,4-difluorocyclohexanamine was substituted for3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline. LCMS [M+1]: 427. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ8.02 and 8.00 (2s, 1H), 4.63-4.53 (m, 2H), 4.40-4.29 (m, 1H), 4.16-4.10(m, 1H), 3.54-3.31 (m, 3H), 3.32 (t, J=12.8 Hz, 1H), 3.09 (t, J=12.8 Hz,1H), 2.42-2.38 (m, 1H), 2.20-1.70 (m, 15H).

Ethyl-2-((3′R)-1′-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidin-3-ylamino)benzoate. Compound 295 was prepared in similar manner as described forcompound 277 except ethyl 2-aminobenzoate was substituted for3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline. LCMS [M+1]: 457. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ7.74 (s, 1H), 7.65 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 6.66 and 6.61 (2d, J=8.4 Hz, 2H),6.54 (s, 3H), 4.26-4.14 (m, 6H), 3.41-3.35 (m, 2H), 3.01 (t, J=11.6 Hz,1H), 2.80 (t, 11.6 Hz, 1H), 2.15-2.10 (m, 1H), 1.83-1.69 (m, 7H), 1.26(t, J=7.2 Hz, 3H).

Ethyl3-((3′R)-1′-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidin-3-ylamino)benzoate. Compound 296 was prepared in similar manner as described forcompound 277 except ethyl 3-aminobenzoate was substituted for3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline. LCMS [M+1]: 457. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ7.74 (s, 1H), 7.22-7.10 (m, 3H), 6.88 (d, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 6.53 (s, 2H),6.07 and 6.04 (2d, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 4.26 (q, J=6.8 Hz, 2H), 4.18-4.02 (m,4H), 3.41-3.30 (m, 4H), 3.01 (t, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 2.80 (t, J=11.6 Hz,1H), 2.14-2.09 (m, 1H), 1.83-1.69 (m, 5H), 1.61-1.52 (m, 2H), 1.29 (t,J=6.8 Hz, 3H).

2-((3′R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidin-3-ylamino)benzoicacid. Compound 297 was prepared in similar manner as described forcompound 277 except 2-aminobenzoic acid was substituted for3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline. LCMS [M+1]: 429. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ7.75 (s, 1H), 7.68 (t, J=7.2 Hz, 1H), 7.39-7.25 (m, 1H), 6.76 (d, J=8.0Hz, 1H), 6.61 (s, 1H), 6.54 (s, 2H), 5.40-5.34 (m, 1H), 4.24-4.12 (m,3H), 3.39-3.25 (m, 3H), 3.04-2.98 (m, 1H), 2.80 (t, J=12.8 Hz, 1H),2.19-2.12 (m, 1H), 1.95-1.86 (m, 3H), 1.83-1.72 (m, 3H), 1.56-1.53 (m,2H).

4-((3′R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidin-3-ylamino)benzoicacid. Compound 298 was prepared in similar manner as described forcompound 277 except 4-aminobenzoic acid was substituted for3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline. LCMS [M+1]: 429. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ7.79-7.75 (m, 3H), 6.65-6.62 (m, 2H), 5.41-5.36 (m, 1H), 4.36-4.30 (m,3H), 3.50-3.37 (m, 2H), 3.14 (t, J=11.2 Hz, 1H), 2.89 (t, J=11.2 Hz,1H), 2.22-2.16 (m, 1H), 2.04-1.84 (m, 7H), 1.79-1.68 (m, 1H).

3-((3′R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidin-3-ylamino)benzoicacid. Compound 299 was prepared in similar manner as described forcompound 277 except 3-aminobenzoic acid was substituted for3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline. LCMS [M+1]: 429. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆): δ9.70 (bs, 1H), 7.75 (s, 1H), 7.20-7.08 (m, 3H), 6.81-6.79 (m, 1H), 6.54(s, 2H), 5.40-5.32 (m, 2H), 4.24-4.11 (m, 3H), 3.10-2.99 (m, 6H), 2.80(t, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 2.19-2.11 (m, 1H), 1.92-1.83 (m, 3H), 1.75-1.63 (m,3H), 1.61-1.52 (m, 2H).

(3′R)-3-(3-Chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenylamino)-1′-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 300 was prepared in similar manner as described for 276 except3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)aniline was substituted for3,5-dichloroaniline. LCMS [M+1]: 493. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 10.74and 10.64 (2s, 1H), 8.33 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 7.09 and 7.03 (2s, 1H), 6.92(s, 1H), 6.72 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 2H), 6.56 (d, J=13.2 Hz, 1H), 5.42 and 5.38(2s, 1H), 4.79-4.64 (m, 2H), 4.51-4.48 (m, 1H), 3.89-3.82 (m, 1H),3.50-3.40 (m, 1H), 3.20 (q, J=7.6 Hz, 1H), 3.11-3.05 (m, 1H), 2.48-2.45(m, 1H), 1.97-1.81 (m, 7H), 1.61-1.52 (m, 1H).

(3′R)-3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenylamino)-1′-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 301 was prepared in similar manner as described in 276 except3,5-dichloro-4-fluoroaniline was substituted for 3,5-dichloroaniline.LCMS [M+1]: 477. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.12-8.10 (m, 1H), 7.12-7.09(m, 1H), 6.71-6.64 (m, 3H), 4.74-4.62 (m, 2H), 4.49-4.39 (m, 1H),4.09-3.09 (m, 1H), 3.54-3.42 (m, 2H), 3.30-3.21 (m, 1H), 3.10-3.02 (m,1H), 2.65-2.63 (m, 1H), 2.23-2.21 (m, 1H), 2.01-1.89 (m, 4H), 1.78-1.69(m, 2H).

(3′R)-3-(3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenylamino)-1′-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound of 302 was prepared in similar manner as described in 276except 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)aniline was substituted for3,5-dichloroaniline. LCMS [M+1]: 527. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): δ 10.11(s, 1H), 8.33 (d, J=6.0 Hz, 1H), 7.17 (s, 1H), 7.08-7.07 (dd, J=2.3, 7.2Hz, 1H), 6.97 (s, 2H), 6.57 (dd, J=2.3, 13.2 Hz, 1H), 6.51 (dd, J=2.3,13.2 Hz, 1H), 4.80-4.69 (m, 2H), 4.58-4.47 (m, 1H), 3.96-3.90 (m, 1H),3.51-3.79 (m, 2H), 3.20 (q, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 3.11-3.01 (m, 1H), 2.51-2.47(m, 1H), 2.01-1.82 (m, 4H), 1.75-1.61 (m, 4H).

(3′R)-3-(Cyclopentylamino)-1′-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 303 was prepared in similar manner as described in 276 exceptcyclopentanamine was substituted for 3,5-dichloroaniline. LCMS [M+1]:383. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.30 (s, 1H), 7.33 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 1H),6.99 (d, J=2.8 Hz, 1H), 4.69 and 4.66 (2s, 1H), 4.52-4.41 (m, 1H),4.10-3.98 (m, 1H), 3.76-3.70 (m, 1H), 3.61-3.45 (m, 4H), 2.41-2.38 (m,1H), 2.17-1.98 (m, 8H), 1.83-1.67 (m, 6H), 1.38-1.33 (m, 1H), 1.23-1.19(m, 1H).

(3′R)-3-(Cyclohexylamino)-1′-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 304 was prepared in similar manner as described in 276 exceptcyclohexanamine was substituted for 3,5-dichloroaniline. LCMS [M+1]:397. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.16 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H),6.62 (d, J=5.2 Hz, 1H), 4.70-4.55 (m, 2H), 4.42-4.35 (m, 1H), 3.59-3.50(m, 1H), 3.42-3.39 (m, 2H), 3.32-3.20 (m, 2H), 3.09-2.91 (m, 1H),2.20-2.16 (m, 1H), 2.02-1.83 (m, 6H), 1.75-1.55 (m, 5H), 1.38-1.10 (m,6H).

(3′R)-3-(3-Chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenylamino)-1′-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 305 was prepared in similar manner as described in 300 except4-chloro-1-((2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy)methyl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidinewas substituted for 4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine. The SEMprotected product obtained from the animation step was then treated withHCl (3 eq) in EtOH (20 eq) and heated to reflux for 2 h, the solvent wasreduced in vacuo, and the residue was purified by reverse phasechromatography C₁₈ column and 10% acetonitrile/water containing 0.1% TFAto give compound 305. LCMS [M+1]: 494. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ8.25-8.21 (m, 2H), 6.98-6.94 (m, 2H), 6.80 (s, 1H), 4.31-4.19 (m, 2H),3.46-3.36 (m, 4H), 3.11-3.08 (m, 1H), 2.61-2.57 (m, 1H), 2.17-2.08 (m,1H), 1.92-1.75 (m, 4H), 1.62-1.47 (m, 4H).

(3′R)-3-(3,5-Dichloro-4-fluorophenylamino)-1′-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 306 was prepared in similar manner as described in 305 except3,5-dichloro-4-fluoroaniline was substituted for3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline. LCMS [M+1]: 478. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ8.83 (s, 1H), 8.46 (s, 1H), 6.73-6.70 (m, 2H), 4.51-4.41 (m, 1H),4.08-4.04 (m, 1H), 3.51-3.42 (m, 3H), 2.59-2.41 (m, 1H), 2.15-2.02 (m,6H), 1.84-1.69 (m, 2H).

(3′R)-3-(3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)phenylamino)-1′-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 307 was prepared in similar manner as described in 305 except3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)aniline was substituted for3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline. LCMS [M+1]: 528 1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): δ8.21 and 8.19 (2s, 1H), 8.15 and 8.09 (2s, 1H), 7.20 (s, 1H), 6.99 (s,1H), 6.98 (s, 1H), 4.41-4.31 (m, 1H), 3.99-3.91 (m, 1H), 3.53-3.38 (m,4H), 3.22-3.19 (m, 1H), 2.49-2.41 (m, 1H), 2.11-1.95 (m, 4H), 1.82-1.42(m, 4H).

(3′R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 308 was prepared in similar manner as described for compound277 except 3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)aniline was substituted for3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline. LCMS [M+1]: 487. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃): δ7.91 (s, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.72 (s, 1H), 6.70 (s, 1H), 5.32 (s, 1H),4.84 (s, 2H), 4.38 (t, J=2.5 Hz, 3H), 3.83 (s, 1H), 3.42-3.37 (m, 2H),3.04-3.03 (m, 1H), 2.84 (t, J=3.5 Hz, 1H), 2.50-2.41 (m, 1H), 2.04-1.57(m, 8H).

(3′R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluorophenylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 309 was prepared in similar manner as described for compound277 except 3,5-dichloro-4-fluoroaniline was substituted for3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline. LCMS [M+1]: 471. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ7.75 (s, 1H), 6.70 (s, 1H), 6.68 (s, 1H), 4.39-4.28 (m, 3H), 4.03-3.95(m, 1H), 3.46-3.39 (m, 2H), 3.10 (t, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 2.88 (t, J=11.6 Hz,1H), 2.28-2.01 (m, 1H), 1.99-1.81 (m, 5H), 1.73-1.62 (m, 2H).

(3′R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 310 was prepared in similar manner as described for compound277 except 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)aniline was substituted for3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline. LCMS [M+1]: 521. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, CD₃OD): δ7.75 (s, 1H), 7.14 (s, 1H), 7.04 (s, 1H0, 4.36-4.19 (m, 3H), 3.50-3.34(m, 3H), 3.12 (t, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 2.89 (t, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 2.28-2.24 (m,1H), 1.99-1.96 (m, 2H), 1.92-1.83 (m, 2H), 1.78-1.62 (m, 3H).

(3R,3′R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 311 was obtained from chiral separation of1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one (compound 308) using SFC separationon a Chiralcel OD-H (3×15 cm) column. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ=7.92(s, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.71 (d, J=10.5 Hz, 2H), 5.32 (d, J=3.3 Hz, 1H),4.69 (br. s., 2H), 4.28-4.52 (m, 3H), 3.77-3.91 (m, 1H), 3.29-3.53 (m,2H), 3.03 (t, J=11.5 Hz, 1H), 2.84 (br. s., 1H), 2.48 (dd, J=13.2, 5.6Hz, 1H), 1.91-2.07 (m, 2H), 1.70-1.91 (m, 2H), 1.48-1.67 (m, 2H). EIMS(m/z): calcd. for C₂₁H₂₃ClF₄N₆O (M⁺) 487. found 487.

(3S,3′R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 312 was obtained from chiral separation of1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)phenylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one (compound 308) using SFC separationon a Chiralcel OD-H (3×15 cm) column. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ=7.93(s, 1H), 6.92 (s, 1H), 6.72 (d, J=10.3 Hz, 2H), 5.33 (d, J=3.0 Hz, 1H),4.76 (br. s., 2H), 4.29-4.49 (m, 3H), 3.80-3.91 (m, 1H), 3.30-3.48 (m,2H), 3.05 (t, J=11.9 Hz, 1H), 2.84 (t, J=1 2.3 Hz, 1H), 2.47 (dd,J=13.1, 5.8 Hz, 1H), 1.50-2.04 (m, 6H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. forC₂₁H₂₃ClF₄N₆O (M⁺) 487. found 487.

(3R,3′R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 313 was obtained from chiral separation of1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one(compound 277) using SFC separation on a Chiralcel OD-H (2×20 cm)column. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ=7.93 (s, 1H), 6.35-6.45 (m, 2H), 6.21(d, J=11.0 Hz, 1H), 5.24 (br. s., 1H), 4.77 (br. s., 2H), 4.38 (d,J=10.8 Hz, 3H), 3.79 (br. s., 1H), 3.38 (d, J=11.5 Hz, 2H), 3.03 (br.s., 1H), 2.84 (br. s., 1H), 2.45 (br. s., 1H), 1.67-2.00 (m, 7H), 1.55ppm (br. s., 1H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₀H₂₃ClF₂N₆O (M⁺H) 437. found437.

(3S,3′R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 314 was obtained from chiral separation of1′-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one(compound 277) using SFC separation on a Chiralcel OD-H (2×20 cm)column. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ=7.89 (s, 1H), 6.45 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H),6.40 (s, 1H), 6.22 (d, J=11.0 Hz, 1H), 4.60 (d, J=12.3 Hz, 2H),4.28-4.39 (m, 1H), 3.82 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 1H), 3.30-3.49 (m, 2H), 3.17 (s,1H), 2.97 (br. s., 1H), 2.42-2.56 (m, 1H), 1.99 (d, J=5.5 Hz, 5H),1.69-1.81 (m, 1H), 1.50-1.63 ppm (m, 1H). EIMS (m/z): calcd. forC₂₀H₂₃ClF₂N₆O (M⁺H) 437. found 437.

(3R,3′R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 315 was obtained from chiral separation of1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-5-dichlorophenylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one(compound 278) using SFC separation on a Chiralcel OD-H (2×20 cm)column. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ=7.93 (d, J=1.3 Hz, 1H), 6.69 (s, 1H),6.49 (d, J=1.3 Hz, 2H), 5.20 (d, J=3.0 Hz, 1H), 4.72 (br. s., 2H), 4.38(d, J=12.3 Hz, 3H), 3.73-3.84 (m, 1H), 3.39 (dt, J=12.0, 6.3 Hz, 2H),3.04 (s, 1H), 2.75-2.90 (m, 1H), 2.39-2.54 (m, 1H), 1.68-2.03 (m, 6H),1.48-1.64 (m, 8H). calcd. for C₂₂H₂₄Cl₂N₆O (M⁺+1) 453. found 453.

(3R,3′R)-3-(3-Chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-1′-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 316 was obtained from chiral separation of3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-1′-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one(compound 275) using SFC separation on a Chiralcel OD-H (2×20 cm)column. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ=8.23-8.39 (m, 1H), 7.11 (d, J=3.3 Hz,1H), 6.56-6.68 (m, 1H), 6.32-6.49 (m, 2H), 6.15-6.30 (m, 1H), 5.19-5.33(m, 1H), 4.67-4.86 (m, 2H), 4.35-4.52 (m, 1H), 3.75-3.90 (m, 1H),3.33-3.52 (m, 2H), 3.17-3.32 (m, 1H), 2.99-3.15 (m, 1H), 2.40-2.56 (m,1H), 1.89-2.11 (m, 4H), 1.70-1.86 (m, 1H). calcd. for C₂₂H₂₄ClFN₆O(M⁺+1) 443.9. found 443.9.

(3S,3′R)-3-(3-Chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-1′-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 317 was obtained from chiral separation of3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-1′-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one(compound 275) using SFC separation on a Chiralcel OD-H (2×20 cm)column. Calcd. for C₂₂H₂₄ClFN₆O (M⁺+1) 443.9. found 443.9. ¹H NMR(CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ=8.28 (br. s., 1H), 7.10 (d, J=3.0 Hz, 1H), 6.60 (br.s., 1H), 6.36-6.49 (m, 2H), 6.23 (d, J=10.8 Hz, 1H), 5.20 (br. s., 1H),4.80 (d, J=12.8 Hz, 2H), 4.46 (br. s., 1H), 3.78-3.89 (m, 1H), 3.34-3.53(m, 3H), 3.24 (s, 1H), 3.09 (br. s., 1H), 2.15-2.58 (m, 3H), 1.99 (d,J=5.5 Hz, 2H), 1.72-1.86 (m, 1H). Calcd. for C₂₂H₂₄ClFN₆O (M⁺+1) 443.9.found 443.9.

Example 34

(3′R)-tert-Butyl 3-azido-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidine-1′-carboxylate. To thesolution of 34.1 (1.0 eq) in dry toluene (70 eq), TMEDA (3.0 eq) andTMSCl (2.0 eq) were added successively at 0° C. under N₂. After 0.5 h,I₂ (1.4 eq) was carefully added in small portions and then the reactionwas stirred at rt for 16 h. The mixture was diluted with EtOAc (10 mL),washed with saturated Na₂S₂O₃ (10 mL×2) and brine (10 mL), dried(Na₂SO₄), filtered and concentrated via rotary evaporator to afford thecrude product that was used directly in the next step withoutpurification. The residue was dissolved in DMF (27 mL) and treated withsodium azide (3 eq) at 80° C. overnight. The reaction mixture wasconcentrated in vacuo to afford a residue which was diluted with H₂O andextracted with EtOAc for several times. The organic extracts werecombined, washed with brine, dried (Na₂SO₄) and concentrated in vacuo toafford an oil which was purified by column chromatography (silica gelgradient EtOAc in hexane) to give compound 34.2 (65%).

(3′R)-tert-Butyl 3-diazo-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidine-1′-carboxylate. To asolution of 34.2 (1 eq) in EtOH (100 eq) was added palladium on carbon(5% wt) and placed under an atmosphere of hydrogen at atmospherepressure for 12 h. The solution was filtered through Celite®, washedwith EtOH (3×10 mL) and concentrated in vacuo to afford the amine as anoil, which was used without further purification. The amine wasdissolved in CHCl₃ (50 eq), treated with AcOH (0.1 eq), amyl nitrite(1.2 eq) and heated to reflux for 3 h. The solution was cooled to 0° C.and diluted with a solution of sat. NaHCO₃ (10 mL), the organic phasewas separated, dried (Na₂SO₄) and concentrated in vacuo to afford ayellow oil. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ=4.16-4.36 (m, 2H), 3.90-4.17 (m,4H), 3.38-3.57 (m, 2H), 3.16-3.36 (m, 6H), 2.80 (br. s., 10H), 2.49-2.70(m, 4H), 2.19-2.32 (m, 1H), 1.89-2.01 (m, 1H), 1.54-1.87 (m, 6H), 1.45(s, 9H).

(3′R)-3-(2-(Piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)phenylamino)-1′-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.To a solution of (3′R)-tert-butyl3-diazo-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidine-1′-carboxylate (1 eq) in CHCl₃ (50 eq.)was added Rh(II)acetate (0.1 eq) and 2-(piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)aniline(1.2 eq) and the solution was stirred at rt for 2 h. The solvent wasremoved in vacuo to afford an oil which purified by silica gelchromatography (gradient hexane-EtOAc) to afford X. The Boc protectedpiperidine 34.4 was dissolved in 1,4-dioxane (10 eq) and treated with 4N HCl in dioxane (10 eq). The solution was stirred for 2 h, quenchedwith the addition of NaHCO₃ and extracted with EtOAc. The organic phasewas separated, dried, and concentrated in vacuo to afford an oil. Thecrude amine was dissolved in 1-butanol (30 eq), treated with Et₃N (2.5eq) and 4-chloropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (1 eq) and heated to 80° C. for12 h. The solution was cooled to rt, diluted with water and extractedwith EtOAc, the organic phase was dried (Na₂SO₄) and concentrated invacuo to afford an oil which was purified by reverse phasechromatography C 18 column and 10% acetonitrile/water containing 0.1%TFA to afford compound 318. EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₇H₃₅N₇O₃S (M⁺+1)538.3. found 538.30. ¹H NMR (CD₃OD 400 MHz): δ=8.14-8.27 (m, 1H),7.46-7.54 (m, 1H), 7.22 (m, 1H), 7.38 (m, 1H), 6.76 (m, 1H), 6.96 (m,1H), 6.59-6.69 (m, 1H), 4.34-4.62 (m, 3H), 4.07-4.19 (m, 1H), 3.35-3.52(m, 3H), 2.92-3.05 (m, 4H), 2.29-2.43 (m, 1H), 1.85-2.06 (m, 6H),1.63-1.81 (m, 1H), 1.44-1.60 (m, 6H), 1.29-1.41 (m, 3H).

1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(2-(phenylsulfonyl)phenylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 319 was prepared in similar manner as described in 318 except2-(phenylsulfonyl)aniline was substituted for2-(piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)aniline. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ=7.96 (d,J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 7.83-7.93 (m, 2H), 7.41-7.56 (m, 3H), 7.34 (br. s., 1H),6.74 (d, J=6.8 Hz, 1H), 6.66 (d, J=3.3 Hz, 1H), 4.51-4.69 (m, 2H),4.21-4.42 (m, 1H), 3.95-4.04 (m, 1H), 3.37-3.46 (m, 1H), 3.33 (d, J=5.8Hz, 2H), 3.14-3.25 (m, 0H), 2.92-3.07 (m, 1H), 2.21-2.39 (m, 1H),1.86-2.03 (m, 5H), 1.66-1.83 (m, 1H), 1.46-1.62 (m, 1H). Calcd. forC₂₆H₂₉FN₆O₃S (M⁺H) 526. found 526.

(3′R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(2-(cyclohexylsulfonyl)phenylamino)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 320 was prepared in similar manner as described in 318 except2-(cyclohexylsulfonyl)aniline was substituted for2-(piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)aniline. ¹H NMR (CH₃OH-d₄, 400 MHz):δ=7.86-7.98 (m, 1H), 7.45-7.56 (m, 1H), 7.33-7.42 (m, 1H), 6.76-6.87 (m,1H), 6.61-6.75 (m, 1H), 4.40-4.53 (m, 2H), 4.22-4.36 (m, 1H), 4.05-4.18(m, 1H), 3.28-3.47 (m, 3H), 2.90-3.14 (m, 2H), 2.24-2.42 (m, 1H),1.78-1.95 (m, 8H), 1.69-1.78 (m, 2H), 1.47-1.69 (m, 3H), 1.29-1.39 (m,2H), 1.05-1.24 (m, 4H). Calcd. for C₂₆H₃₅FN₆O₃S (M⁺H) 530. found 530.

2-((3′R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidin-3-ylamino)-N,N-dimethylbenzenesulfonamide.Compound 321 was prepared in similar manner as described in 318 except2-amino-N,N-dimethyl benzenesulfonamide was substituted for2-(piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl)aniline. LCMS [M+1]: 492. ¹H NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d₆): δ 9.00 (s, 1H), 7.49-7.27 (m, 2H), 7.12-6.88 (m, 2H), 6.52 (s,2H), 4.27-3.94 (m, 3H), 3.66-3.31 (m, 3H), 3.03 (t, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 2.81(t, J=11.6 Hz, 1H), 2.64 (s, 3H), 2.63 (s, 3H), 2.20-2.09 (m, 1H),1.81-1.65 (m, 3H), 1.59-1.46 (m, 3H), 1.41-1.37 (m, 2H).

Example 35

(R)-(3-carboxy-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)propyl)dimethylsulfoniumiodide. A mixture of D-methionine A (2.50 g, 16.8 mmol),1,3-dichloro-5-iodo-benzene B (4.6 g, 17 mmol), copper(I) iodide (0.80g, 4.2 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (6.6 g, 20 mmol) in DMSO (20 mL) was heated at90° C. for 23 h. To the reaction mixture was added 5% citric acid untilpH=4, and then the mixture was extracted with EtOAc (3×50 mL), Thiscrude was purified via column chromatography (gradient MeOH/CH₂Cl₂) toafford the desired product (2.59 g, 54% yield) as an oil. A mixture ofthe methionine C and MeI (15 mL, 240 mmol) was stirred at 25° C. for 18h, followed by adding TBME to form a precipitate which was filtered toafford a brown solid D (3.1 g, 42%). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ=6.72(d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.65 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 2H), 4.33-4.15 (m, 1H), 3.43-3.35(m, 2H), 2.89 (s, 3H), 2.85 (s, 3H); m/z 308 (M−128).

trans 1-(7H-Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)piperidine-3-carboxylic acid. A solution of racemic trans-methyl4-(trifluoromethyl)piperidine-3-carboxylate E (1.00 g, 4.74 mmol),4-chloropyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (0.873 g, 5.68 mmol) and pyridine(0.766 mL, 9.47 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was heated at 80° C. for 24 hours.The solution was diluted with brine and the reaction mixture wasextracted with EtOAc. The organic phase was concentrated in vacuo toafford a residue which was treated with LiOH (0.9 g, 37.8 mmol) in water(40 mL) was stirred for 68 h. The resulting precipitate was filtered toafford a solid G (782 mg, 52.5% yield). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆)δ=11.63 (br. s., 1H), 8.11 (s, 1H), 7.15 (dd, J=2.5, 3.5 Hz, 1H), 6.60(dd, J=1.9, 3.6 Hz, 1H), 4.48 (m, 2H), 3.46-3.34 (m, 1H), 3.25-3.12 (m,1H), 2.18 (m, 1H), 1.88 (m, 1H), 1.51 (m, 1H); m/z 315 [M+1].

trans1-(7H-Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)piperidin-3-amine.A mixture of acid G (0.78 g, 2.5 mmol), benzyl alcohol (2.57 mL, 24.9mmol), diphenylphosphonic azide (1.61 mL, 7.47 mmol) and Et₃N (1.04 mL,7.46 mmol) in DMF (7.9 mL) was heated at 80° C. for 40 h. Water was thenadded to the reaction mixture, and the crude was extracted with EtOAc,the organic phase was concentrated in vacuo to afford a residue whichwas purified by column chromatography (gradient EtOAc/hexane) to afforda white solid. A mixture of Cbz protected amine H and palladium (370 mg,0.1742 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) and Ethanol (4 mL, 70 mmol) was stirred at60 psi H₂ for 17 h. The crude was purified via column chromatography(gradient hexane/MeOH) to afford amine i (185 mg, 26% yield) as a whitesolid. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ=11.80-11.60 (m, 1H), 8.19-8.07 (m,1H), 7.26-7.13 (m, 1H), 6.73-6.56 (m, 1H), 4.78-4.54 (m, 2H), 3.15-2.99(m, 1H), 2.92-2.76 (m, 2H), 2.02-1.91 (m, 1H), 1.91-1.70 (m, 1H), 1.44(m, 1H); m/z 286 [M+1].

trans((R)-4-((1-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)piperidin-3-ylamino)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-4-oxobutyl)dimethylsulfonium.To a mixture of amine i (100 mg, 0.4 mmol), D (127 mg, 0.29 mmol) in THF(1.9 mL) was added 1-hydroxybenzotriazole (39 mg, 0.29 mmol), EDCI (56mg, 0.29212 mmol), and 4-methylmorpholine (96 uL, 0.87637 mmol). Afterstirring at 25° C. for 70 min, THF was removed to afford a residue. Amixture of crude amide and Cs₂CO₃ (500 mg, 1 mmol) in DMSO (0.97 mL) washeated at 50° C. for 2 h. The reaction mixture was purified by reversephase chromatography C 18 column and 10% acetonitrile/water containing0.1% TFA to afford compound 322. LCMS m/z 513 [M] ¹H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD)δ=8.19 (s, 1H), 7.22-7.08 (m, 1H), 6.77-6.48 (m, 4H), 4.78-4.65 (m, 1H),4.37-4.09 (m, 2H), 3.70-3.35 (m, 3H), 2.69-2.53 (m, 1H), 2.26-2.09 (m,1H), 2.03-1.80 (m, 1H), 1.72 (dd, J=3.1, 12.9 Hz, 1H), 0.90 (d, 1H).

(R)-1-((R)-1-(7H-Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)pyrrolidin-2-one.Compound 323 was prepared in similar manner as described for compound322 except (R)-benzyl piperidin-3-ylcarbamate was substituted for transmethyl 4-(trifluoromethyl)piperidine-3-carboxylate. LCMS m/z 445 (M). ¹HNMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) d=8.36-8.20 (m, 1H), 7.35 (m., 1H), 6.84 (m, 1H),6.75-6.66 (m, 2H), 6.66-6.59 (m, 1H), 4.58 (m, 2H), 4.28 (m, 1H), 3.95(m, 1H), 3.34 (m, 2H), 3.19 (m, 1H), 2.01-1.51 (m, 6H).

Example 36

Benzyl 5,6-dihydropyridine-1(2H)-carboxylate. A solution of1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine 36.1 (1 eq), sodium carbonate (1.5 eq) andwater (45 eq) was cooled in an ice water bath. Benzyl chloroformate (1.1eq) was added dropwise over 1 h, maintained at 5° C. for 2 h then warmedto RT for 16 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with brine and theproduct extracted into EtOAc, dried over Na₂SO₄ and conc in vacuo toafford an oil. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (10%EtOAc/Hexane to 100% EtOAc) to provide compound 36.2 (99% yield) as acolorless oil. EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₁₃H₁₅NO₂ (M⁺+1) 218.26. found218.10.

Benzyl 7-oxa-3-azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane-2-carboxylate. To a solution ofcompound 36.2 (1 eq) in CH₂Cl₂ (150 mL) cooled in an ice water bath wasadded M-chloroperbenzoic acid (1.2 eq) dissolved in CH₂Cl₂ (14 eq),maintained at 5° C. for 2 h then warmed to RT for 16 h. The reactionmixture transferred to a separatory funnel and the organics washed with5% K₂CO₃ solution, dried over Na₂SO₄ and conc'd to an oil. The residuewas purified by flash chromatography (10% EtOAc/Hexane to 100% EtOAc) toprovide compound 36.3 (73% yield) as a colorless oil. EIMS (m/z): calcd.for C₁₃H₁₅NO₃ (M⁺+1) 234.26. found 234.00.

trans Benzyl3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)-4-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate. In asealed tube was added compound 36.3 (1 eq), ammonium hydroxide (22 eq)and ethanol (60 eq) and heated to 80° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixturewas cooled to RT, and the solvent removed in vacuo to give the productas a mixture of regioisomers. The resulting oil was diluted with THF(100 mL) and ethanol (100 mL) and di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (1.2 eq)added, stirred at RT for 16 h and the solvent removed in vacuo to givethe product as an oil. The residue was purified by flash chromatography(10% EtOAc/Hexane to 100% EtOAc) to provide compound 36.4 (39% yield) asa white solid. EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₁₈H₂₆N₂O₅ (M⁺+1) 351.41. found350.90.

trans Benzyl 3-amino-4-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate. A solution ofcompound 36.4 (1 eq) and 4M HCl in dioxane (7.5 eq) was stirred for 6 hat RT, followed by removing the solvent in vacuo. The residue wastriturated with sat'd NaHCO₃ and the product extracted into EtOAc, driedover Na₂SO₄ and concentrated in vacuo to provide compound 36.5 (97%yield) as an oil. EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₁₃H₁₈N₂O₃ (M⁺+1) 251.29. found251.00.

trans Benzyl 4′-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidine-1′-carboxylate. To asolution of compound 36.5 (1 eq) in THF (26 eq) cooled in an ice waterbath was added 5-bromo-pentanoyl chloride (1 eq) and Et₃N (2 eq)dropwise. The reaction mixture was warmed to RT and stirred for 2 h,diluted with ethyl acetate and washed with aq 5% citric acid (200 mL),dried over Na₂SO₄, concentrated in vacuo to an oil. The oil was purifiedby flash chromatography (50% EtOAc/Hexane to 100% EtOAc) to provide theuncyclized intermediate which was dissolved in THF (30 eq) and sodiumhydride (60% oil dispersion 3 eq) was heated to 65° C. for 16 h. Thereaction mixture cooled in an ice water bath and methanol addeddropwise, diluted with EtOAc and washed with aq. 5% citric acid, driedover Na₂SO₄ and concentrated in vacuo to afford an oil. The oil waspurified by flash chromatography (EtOAc to 5% CH₃OH/EtOAc) to providecompound 36.6 as a colorless oil (65% yield). EIMS (m/z): calcd. forC₁₈H₂₄N₂O₄ (M⁺+1) 333.39. found 333.00.

trans tert-butyl3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-4′-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidine-1′-carboxylate.To a solution of compound 36.6 (4.1 mmol) in THF (73 eq) and ethanol(100 eq) added Boc anhydride (1.2 eq) and 10% Pd/C (5 eq) andhydrogenated until uptake of H₂ complete. The reaction mixture wasfiltered and concentrated in vacuo to obtain compound 36.7 as a whitesolid (96% yield). EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₁₅H₂₆N₂O₄ (M⁺+Na) 321.38.found 321.23.

trans1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-4′-hydroxy-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.To a solution of compound 36.7 (1 eq) in toluene (50 eq) cooled in anice water bath was added N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (4 eq) andchlorotrimethylsilane (3 eq) the reaction mixture was allowed to come tort for 30 min. Iodine (1.1 eq) was added portion wise at 10° C. Afterthe addition of iodine was complete the reaction mixture stirred at RTfor 3 h followed by diluting with EtOAc and washing with aq Na₂S₂O₄,dried over Na₂SO₄ and concentrated in vacuo to afford to a residue. Thecrude iodo intermediate was dissolved in THF (19 eq) and added to asolution of 3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline (1 eq) in THF (40 eq) and sodiumhydride (60% oil dispersion 1.2 eq). The reaction mixture was stirred atRT for 2 h followed by diluting with EtOAc and washing with 5% citricacid, dried over Na₂SO₄ and the solvent removed in vacuo. The residuewas purified by flash chromatography (10% EtOAc/Hexane to 100% EtOAc) toprovide compound 36.8 (39% yield) as a white foam. EIMS (m/z): calcd.for C₂₁H₂₉ClFN₃O₄ (M⁺+Na) 463.92. found 463.90.

trans-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-4′-hydroxy-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.A solution of compound 36.8 (0.05 g, 0.11 mmol) and 4N HCl in dioxane(40 eq) was stirred at RT for 2 h and the solvent removed in vacuo. Theresidue was transferred in 1-butanol (2 mL) to a microwave tube andadded 6-chloro-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-ylamine (1.7 eq) and Et₃N (3.5 eq)was microwaved at 180° C. for 90 min. The reaction mixture diluted withEtOAc and washed with aq 5% citric acid, dried over Na₂SO₄ and thesolvent removed in vacuo. The residue was purified by flashchromatography (10% EtOAc/Hexane to 100% EtOAc) to provide compound 324(30% yield) as a white foam. EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₀H₂₃ClF₂N₆O₂(M⁺+1) 452.89. found 452.90. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ=7.76 (s, 1H),6.56 (br. s., 3H), 6.49-6.30 (m, 3H), 5.76 (s, 1H), 4.91-4.81 (m, 1H),4.18 (d, J=13.3 Hz, 1H), 4.13-3.93 (m, 3H), 3.82 (ddd, J=5.0, 10.1, 15.2Hz, 1H), 3.05-2.78 (m, 2H), 2.21-2.05 (m, 1H), 2.03-1.68 (m, 4H),1.63-1.35 (m, 3H).

trans1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-4′-hydroxy-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 325 was prepared in similar manner as described in 324 except3,5-dichloroaniline was substituted for 3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline. ¹H NMR(CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ=7.78 (d, J=1.0 Hz, 1H), 6.62 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 2H), 6.58(t, J=1.6 Hz, 1H), 4.26-4.42 (m, 2H), 4.08 (dd, J=10.3, 6.0 Hz, 2H),3.40-3.58 (m, 2H), 3.18 (t, J=11.9 Hz, 1H), 2.96 (t, J=12.3 Hz, 1H),2.24 (dd, J=12.5, 5.8 Hz, 1H), 1.90-2.13 (m, 3H), 1.69-1.81 (m, 1H),1.56-1.68 (m, 1H), 1.30 (s, 2H), 0.91 ppm (s, 1H).

trans(3R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-4′-hydroxy-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 326 was obtained from chiral separation of3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-1′-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one(compound 325) using SFC separation on a OJ-H (2×25 cm) CL-005 column.¹H NMR (CD₃OD, 400 MHz): δ=7.63-7.71 (m, 1H), 6.51 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 3H),4.15-4.32 (m, 2H), 3.87-4.08 (m, 3H), 3.29-3.47 (m, 2H), 2.98-3.07 (m,1H), 2.90-2.98 (m, 0H), 2.80-2.90 (m, 1H), 2.08-2.22 (m, 1H), 1.95-2.03(m, 1H), 1.78-1.94 (m, 2H), 1.45-1.68 (m, 2H), 1.16-1.24 ppm (m, 1H).

trans(3R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-4′-hydroxy-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 327 was obtained from chiral separation of3-(3-Chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-1′-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one(compound 325) using SFC separation on a OJ-H (2×25 cm) CL-005 column.¹H NMR (METHANOL-d₄, 400 MHz): δ=7.78 (s, 1H), 6.56-6.64 (m, 3H),4.27-4.42 (m, 2H), 3.98-4.18 (m, 3H), 3.40-3.58 (m, 2H), 3.13 (t, J=11.8Hz, 1H), 2.91-3.02 (m, 1H), 2.27 (dd, J=12.8, 6.3 Hz, 1H), 2.09 (dt,J=12.7, 2.3 Hz, 1H), 1.89-2.05 (m, 2H), 1.57-1.78 (m, 2H).

trans(3S)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-4′-hydroxy-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 328 was obtained from chiral separation of3-(3-Chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-1′-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one(compound 324) using SFC separation on a OJ-H (2×25 cm) CL-005 column.¹H NMR (METHANOL-d₄, 400 MHz): δ=7.78 (s, 1H), 6.62 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 2H),6.55-6.60 (m, 1H), 4.26-4.43 (m, 2H), 4.08 (dd, J=10.3, 6.0 Hz, 2H),3.40-3.58 (m, 2H), 3.18 (t, J=12.2 Hz, 1H), 2.90-3.02 (m, 1H), 2.24 (dd,J=12.8, 5.8 Hz, 1H), 1.90-2.12 (m, 3H), 1.69-1.80 (m, 1H), 1.62 ppm (dd,J=10.7, 3.9 Hz, 1H).

trans1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 329 was prepared in similar manner as described for compound324 except trans benzyl3-amino-4-(trifluoromethyl)piperidine-1-carboxylate was substituted fortrans benzyl 3-amino-4-hydroxypiperidine-1-carboxylate. ESI-MS m/z 505(M). 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) d═7.92 (dd, J=1.6, 2.6 Hz, 1H), 7.26-6.93(m, 1H), 6.62-6.50 (m, 1H), 6.50-6.33 (m, 2H), 4.39-3.97 (m, 3H),3.53-3.14 (m, 4H), 3.12-2.93 (m, 1H), 2.23-1.94 (m, 2H), 1.95-1.67 (m,2H), 1.68-1.32 (m, 2H).

trans(3R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 330 was obtained from chiral separation of1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one(compound 329) using SFC separation on a Chiralcel OD-H (2×20 cm)column. ESI-MS m/z 505 (M). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD) δ=7.84-7.74 (m, 1H),6.54-6.45 (m, 1H), 6.41-6.25 (m, 2H), 4.49-4.26 (m, 2H), 4.07-3.92 (m,1H), 3.60-3.35 (m, 3H), 3.08-2.94 (m, 1H), 2.33-2.15 (m, 1H), 2.13-1.87(m, 3H), 1.80-1.56 (m, 2H), 1.41-1.22 (m, 1H).

trans(3S)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 331 was obtained from chiral separation of1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one(compound 329) using SFC separation on a Chiralcel OD-H (2×20 cm)column. ESI-MS m/z 505 (M). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD) δ=7.86-7.68 (m, 1H),6.58-6.38 (m, 1H), 6.39-6.19 (m, 2H), 4.49-4.24 (m, 2H), 4.06-3.92 (m,1H), 3.59-3.38 (m, 2H), 3.07-2.92 (m, 1H), 2.37-2.19 (m, 1H), 2.13-1.86(m, 3H), 1.66 (m, 2H).

trans(3R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 332 was obtained from chiral separation of1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one(compound 329) using SFC separation on a Chiralcel OD-H (2×20 cm)column. ESI-MS m/z 505 (M). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD) δ=7.83-7.73 (m, 1H),6.54-6.43 (m, 1H), 6.39-6.26 (m, 2H), 4.48-4.25 (m, 2H), 4.07-3.91 (m,1H), 3.58-3.40 (m, 2H), 3.07-2.93 (m, 1H), 2.36-2.17 (m, 1H), 2.13-1.87(m, 3H), 1.76-1.53 (m, 2H), 1.31 (m, 1H).

trans(3S)-1′-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 333 was obtained from chiral separation of1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one(compound 329) using SFC separation on a Chiralcel OD-H (2×20 cm)column. ESI-MS m/z 505 (M). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD) δ=7.84-7.73 (m, 1H),6.54-6.43 (m, 1H), 6.39-6.26 (m, 2H), 4.47-4.27 (m, 2H), 4.05-3.90 (m,1H), 3.62-3.36 (m, 3H), 3.08-2.93 (m, 1H), 2.32-2.15 (m, 1H), 2.13-1.84(m, 3H), 1.78-1.52 (m, 2H).

trans1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 334 was prepared in similar manner as described for compound329 except 3,5-dichloroaniline was substituted for3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline. ESI-MS m/z 521 (M) ¹H NMR (METHANOL-d₄, 400MHz): δ=7.79 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 6.48-6.66 (m, 3H), 4.26-4.47 (m, 2H),3.92-4.05 (m, 1H), 3.35-3.58 (m, 3H), 2.90-3.08 (m, 1H), 2.12-2.36 (m,1H), 1.90-2.10 (m, 3H), 1.56-1.75 ppm (m, 2H).

trans(3R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 335 was obtained from chiral separation of1′-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one(compound 334) using SFC separation on a Chiralcel OD-H (2×20 cm)column. ESI-MS m/z 521 (M). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD) δ=7.78 (s, 1H),6.67-6.50 (m, 3H), 4.49-4.27 (m, 2H), 4.08-3.91 (m, 1H), 3.61-3.35 (m,4H), 3.08-2.95 (m, 1H), 2.34-2.14 (m, 1H), 2.13-1.84 (m, 3H), 1.77-1.52(m, 2H).

trans(3S)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 336 was obtained from chiral separation of1′-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one(compound 334) using SFC separation on a Chiralcel OD-H (2×20 cm)column. ESI-MS m/z 521 (M). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD) δ=7.78 (s, 1H),6.64-6.49 (m, 3H), 4.48-4.20 (m, 2H), 4.07-3.88 (m, 1H), 3.59-3.36 (m,2H), 3.08-2.94 (m, 1H), 2.36-2.18 (m, 1H), 1.90 (m, 3H), 1.76-1.53 (m,2H).

trans(3R)-1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 337 was obtained from chiral separation of1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one(compound 334) using SFC separation on a Chiralcel OD-H (2×20 cm)column. ESI-MS m/z 521 (M). 1H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD) d═7.86-7.73 (m, 1H),6.67-6.48 (m, 3H), 4.48-4.25 (m, 2H), 4.08-3.90 (m, 1H), 3.58-3.37 (m,2H), 3.06-2.93 (m, 1H), 2.37-2.15 (m, 1H), 2.15-1.85 (m, 3H) 1.77-1.56(m, 2H).

trans(3S)-1′-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 338 was obtained from chiral separation of1′-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3,5-dichlorophenylamino)-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one (compound 334)using SFC separation on a Chiralcel OD-H (2×20 cm) column. ESI-MS m/z521 (M). 1H NMR (400 MHz, MeOD) δ=7.85-7.70 (m, 1H), 6.67-6.51 (m, 3H),4.48-4.25 (m, 2H), 4.09-3.92 (m, 1H), 3.60-3.35 (m, 3H), 3.08-2.93 (m,1H), 2.32-2.12 (m, 1H), 2.11-1.88 (m, 3H), 1.63 (m, 2H).

trans-3-(3,5-Dichlorophenylamino)-1′-(7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl)-4′-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 339 was synthesized according to procedure described forcompound 334 using 4-chloro-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine in place of6-chloro-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-amine. EIMS (m/z): calcd. forC₂₃H₂₃Cl₂F₃N₆O (M⁺) 527. found 527. ¹H NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ=9.52-9.68(m, 1H), 8.35 (d, J=2.5 Hz, 1H), 7.11 (br. s., 1H), 6.71 (d, J=1.8 Hz,1H), 6.44-6.57 (m, 2H), 4.96-5.11 (m, 1H), 4.69-4.87 (m, 2H), 3.71-3.86(m, 2H), 3.59-3.71 (m, 1H), 3.34-3.59 (m, 3H), 3.10-3.30 (m, 1H),2.37-2.54 (m, 1H), 2.11-2.24 (m, 1H), 1.93-2.11 (m, 2H), 1.63-1.82 ppm(m, 2H).

Example 37

Benzyl 4′-fluoro-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidine-1′-carboxylate. To a solutionof 3-amino-4-fluoro-piperidine-1-carboxylic acid benzylester 37.1 (1.0eq) in THF (40 eq) cooled in an ice water bath was added5-bromo-pentanoyl chloride (1 eq) and Et₃N (2 eq) dropwise. The reactionmixture was warmed to RT and stirred for 2 h, diluted with EtOAc andwashed with aq 5% citric acid (500 mL), dried over Na₂SO₄, concentratedin vacuo to afford an oil. The oil was purified by flash chromatography(10% EtOAc/Hexane to 100% EtOAc) to provide the amide intermediate whichwas dissolved in THF (30 mL) and treated with sodium hydride (60% inmineral oil, 5 eq) at 65° C. for 16 h. The reaction mixture cooled in anice water bath and methanol added dropwise, diluted with EtOAc andwashed with aq. 5% citric acid, dried over Na₂SO₄ and concentrated toafford an oil. The oil was purified by flash chromatography (EtOAc to 5%CH₃OH/EtOAc) to provide compound 37.2 as a colorless oil (62% yield).EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₁₈H₂₃FN₂O₃ (M⁺+1) 335.39. found 335.00.

tert-butyl 4′-fluoro-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidine-1′-carboxylate. To asolution of compound 37.2 (1 eq) in THF (100 eq) and ethanol (100 eq)added Boc anhydride (1.2 eq) and 10% Pd/C (0.2 eq) and hydrogenateduntil uptake of H₂ complete. The reaction mixture was filtered andconc'd to obtain compound 37.3 as a white solid (92% yield). EIMS (m/z):calcd. for C₁₅H₂₅FN₂O₃ (M⁺+Na) 323.37. found 323.00.

tert-butyl3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-4′-fluoro-2-oxo-1,3′-bipiperidine-1′-carboxylate.To a solution of compound 37.3 (1 eq) in toluene (37 eq) cooled in anice water bath was added N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine (3 eq) andchlorotrimethylsilane (4 eq) the reaction mixture was allowed to come tort for 30 min. Iodine (1.2 eq) was added portion wise at 10° C. Afterthe addition of iodine was complete the reaction mixture stirred at RTfor 3 h followed by diluting with EtOAc and washing with aq Na₂S₂O₄,dried over Na₂SO₄ and concentrated in vacuo to afford a residue. To asolution of 3-chloro-5-fluoroaniline (2 eq) in THF (40 eq) was addedsodium hydride (60% oil dispersion in mineral oil 3 eq) and stirred atRT for 15 min. Added a solution of the above residue in THF (10 mL) andstirred at RT for 2 h followed by diluting with EtOAc and washing with5% citric acid, dried over Na₂SO₄ and the solvent removed in vacuo. Theresidue was purified by flash chromatography (10% EtOAc/Hexane to 100%EtOAc) to provide compound 37.4 (48% yield) as a white foam. EIMS (m/z):calcd. for C₂₁H₂₈ClF₂N₃O₃ (M⁺+Na) 466.92. found 466.00.

1′-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-4′-fluoro-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.A solution of compound 37.4 (1 eq) and 4M HCl in dioxane (15 eq) wasstirred at RT for 2 h and the solvent removed in vacuo. The residue wastransferred in 1-butanol (30 eq) to a microwave tube and added6-chloro-5-fluoro pyrimidin-4-ylamine (1.1 eq) and Et₃N (2 eq) wasmicrowaved at 180° C. for 90 min. The reaction mixture diluted withEtOAc and washed with aq 5% citric acid, dried over Na₂SO₄ and thesolvent removed in vacuo. The residue was purified by flashchromatography (10% EtOAc/Hexane to 100% EtOAc) to provide compound 340,(45% yield) as a white foam. EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₀H₂₂ClF₃N₆O (M⁺+1)455.88. found 455.90. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ=7.79 (d, J=2.0 Hz,1H), 6.64 (s, 2H), 6.56 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 6.49-6.31 (m, 3H), 5.12-4.85(m, 1H), 4.64-4.32 (m, 1H), 4.27-3.96 (m, 3H), 3.58-3.35 (m, 3H), 3.17(t, J=13.1 Hz, 1H), 2.13 (quind, J=5.8, 11.8 Hz, 1H), 2.02-1.72 (m, 5H),1.67-1.43 (m, 1H).

(3R,3′S,4′R)-1′-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-4′-fluoro-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 341 was obtained from chiral separation of1′-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)δ-4′-fluoro-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one (compound 340) using SFC separationon a Chiralcel OD-H (2×20 cm) column. EIMS (m/z): calcd. forC₂₀H₂₂ClF₃N₆O (M⁺+1) 455.88. found 455.90. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆)δ=7.79 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.63 (s, 2H), 6.56 (s, 1H), 6.49-6.32 (m, 3H),5.12-4.86 (m, 1H), 4.63-4.37 (m, 1H), 4.26-3.98 (m, 3H), 3.59-3.44 (m,2H), 3.39 (td, J=6.2, 12.5 Hz, 1H), 3.25-3.09 (m, 1H), 2.19-2.05 (m,1H), 2.03-1.68 (m, 4H), 1.64-1.42 (m, 1H).

(3R,3′R,4′R)-1′-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-4′-fluoro-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 342 was obtained from chiral separation of1′-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-4′-fluoro-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one(compound 340) using SFC separation on a Chiralcel OD-H (2×20 cm)column. EIMS (m/z): calcd. for C₂₀H₂₂ClF₃N₆O (M⁺+1) 455.88. found455.90. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ=7.79 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.63 (s,2H), 6.56 (s, 1H), 6.50-6.33 (m, 3 H), 5.14-4.81 (m, 1H), 4.65-4.37 (m,1H), 4.26-3.97 (m, 3H), 3.60-3.44 (m, 2H), 3.39 (td, J=6.1, 12.6 Hz,1H), 3.23-3.09 (m, 1H), 2.19-2.04 (m, 1H), 2.04-1.69 (m, 4H), 1.64-1.46(m, 1H).

(3S,3′R,4′S)-1′-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-4′-fluoro-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one.Compound 343 was obtained from chiral separation of1′-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-3-(3-chloro5-fluorophenylamino)-4′-fluoro-1,3′-bipiperidin-2-one (compound 340)using SFC separation on a Chiralcel OD-H (2×20 cm) column. EIMS (m/z):calcd. for C₂₀H₂₂ClF₃N₆O (M⁺+1) 455.88. found 455.90. ¹H NMR (400 MHz,DMSO-d₆) δ=7.79 (d, J=2.0 Hz, 1H), 6.64 (s, 2H), 6.58-6.52 (m, 1H),6.49-6.32 (m, 3H), 5.10-4.84 (m, 1H), 4.56-4.34 (m, 1H), 4.24-4.00 (m,3H), 3.56-3.36 (m, 3H), 3.25-3.08 (m, 1H), 2.21-2.05 (m, 1H), 2.03-1.72(m, 4H), 1.68-1.49 (m, 1H).

Example 38

tert-Butyl-6-methylene-1,4-oxazepane-4-carboxylate. A solution oftert-butyl 2-hydroxyethylcarbamate 38.1 (9.00 mL, 58.2 mmol) in DMF(50.0 mL) was cooled in a ice bath and treated portion wise with sodiumhydride (60% in mineral, 5.12 g, 128 mmol). The mixture was stirred inice bath for 15 minutes and then treated with3-chloro-2-(chloromethyl)prop-1-ene (7.07 mL, 61.1 mmol). After additionwas complete, the ice bath was removed and the reaction mixture wasstirred was stirred at room temperature overnight. The mixture wasdiluted with water and extracted with ether. The combined organics weredried over Na₂SO₄, filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford an oilwhich purified by flash chromatography (gradient EtAOAc/hexane 5%-40%)to afford the desired product (4.6, 37% yield) clear oil. LCMS114.10[M−tBuCO2]+.

tert-Butyl 6-(hydroxyimino)-1,4-oxazepane-4-carboxylate. A solution oftert-butyl 6-methylene-1,4-oxazepane-4-carboxylate 38.2 (1.23 g, 5.74mmol) in 1,4-dioxane (20 mL) and H₂O (20 mL) was treated with sodiumperiodate (2.46 g, 11.49 mmol) and a solution of 2.5% OsO4 in t-BuOH(0.36 mL, 0.028 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at roomtemperature for 18 hrs. The resulting yellow-white suspension wasdiluted with H₂O and extracted with EtOAc (2×50 mL). The combinedorganic layers were dried over MgSO₄, filtered, and concentrated invacuo to provide a brown oil (1.30 g) that was used immediately withoutfurther purification. The crude tert-Butyl6-oxo-1,4-oxazepane-4-carboxylate (4.4 g, 20.4 mmol) was dissolved inTHF (100 mL) and treated with Et₃N (11.4 mL, 81.8 mmol) andhydroxylamine hydrochloride (3.1 g, 45.0 mmol). The mixture was stirredat room temperature over the weekend. The mixture was concentrated invacuo to dryness and the residue was suspended between EtOAc and water.The aqueous layer was extracted with EtOAc. The organics were washedwith brine, dried over MgSO4, filtered and concentrated in vacuo toyield (4.8 g) of a semisolid product 38.3. LCMS m/z=253.1 [M+Na], 461.3[2M] with two equal peaks observed (oxyme steroisomers presumably). Usedwithout further purification.

tert-Butyl 6-amino-1,4-oxazepane-4-carboxylate. tert-butyl6-(hydroxyimino)-1,4-oxazepane-4-carboxylate 38.3 (1.0 g, 4.4 mmol) wasdissolved in MeOH (17.8 mL, 438.6 mmol) and treated with Raney Nickel(1:9, Nickel:Water, 0.38 mL, 5.8 mmol) and 6 M HBr in water (0.073 mL,0.44 mmol). The mixture was stirred vigorously under 62 PSI hydrogenpressure at room temperature for 6 days. The mixture was filtered andthe solvent removed under reduced pressure to afford the desired product38.4 which was used without further purification. LCMS m/z 217.15[M+1]+.

tert-Butyl 6-(5-bromopentanamido)-1,4-oxazepane-4-carboxylate. To an icebath stirring solution of tert-butyl 6-amino-1,4-oxazepane-4-carboxylate38.4 (1.01 g, 4.67 mmol) and Et₃N (1.95 mL, 14.0 mmol) was added5-bromo-pentanoyl chloride (0.62 mL, 4.7 mmol). The ice bath was removedand the solution was stirring for 1 h and then diluted with water andextracted with DCM. The organic phase was washed with diluted citricacid, water, sat. NaHCO₃, dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated invacuo to afford an oil which was purification by flash columnchromatography (gradient EtOAc/hexanes). LCMS m/z 324.1 & 325.1[M−tBu]+.

tert-Butyl 6-(2-oxopiperidin-1-yl)-1,4-oxazepane-4-carboxylate. To anice cooled solution of6-(5-bromo-pentanoylamino)-perhydro-1,4-oxazepine-4-carboxylic acidtert-butyl ester (1.0 g, 2.7 mmol) in THF (15 mL) was added portion wisesodium hydride (60% in mineral oil, 1.1 g, 26.9 mmol). The mixture washeated at 65° C. for 7 hrs, cooled to room temperature and then placedin an ice bath, quenched upon dropwise addition of methanol. The mixturewas then washed with NaHCO₃ and extracted with ether. The organic phasewas dried (MgSO₄) with magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated invacuo to afford an oil which was purified silica gel column (gradientDCM-MeOH) to afford the desired product 38.5 (310 mg, 38% yield).LCMS=[M−tBu]+[m/z=242].

tert-Butyl6-(3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-2-oxopiperidin-1-yl)-1,4-oxazepane-4-carboxylate.To a solution of6-(2-oxo-piperidin-1-yl)-perhydro-1,4-oxazepine-4-carboxylic acidtert-butyl ester 38.5 (0.31 g, 1.0 mmol) in THF (10 mL) at −78° C. wasadded dropwise 2.0 M LDA in heptane/THF/ethylbenzene (0.7 mL, 1.5 mmol)under nitrogen. The solution was allowed to warm to −30° C. for 1 h andthen recooled to −78° C. prior to the dropwise addition of PhSO₂Cl (0.15mL, 1.1 mmol). The reaction was allowed to slowly warm to 10° C. andthen quenched upon the addition NaHCO₃ and extracted with EtOAc. Theorganic phase was washed with NaHCO₃, brine and dried (MgSO4), filteredand concentrated in vacuo to afford a solid. The chloro intermediate wasdissolved in THF (8.4 mL) and added to a suspension of3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenylamine (0.15 g, 1.04 mmol) and sodium hydride(60% in mineral oil, 80 mg, 2.1 mmol) in THF (16 mL). The reactionmixture was heated to reflux for 90 minutes, cooled to room temperature,placed and quenched with MeOH, water, NaHCO₃ and EtOAc. The organicsphase was separated, washed with brine, dried (MgSO₄), filtered andconcentrated in vacuo to afford an oil. The oil was purified by silicagel chromatography (gradient MeOH/DCM) to afford the desired product(204 mg, 59%). LCMS, m/z 386.1 [M−tBu]+.

1-(4-(6-Amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-1,4-oxazepan-6-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)piperidin-2-one.A solution of Boc protected piperidine 38.6 (204 mg, 0.46 mmol) wastreated with 4 M of HCl in 1,4-Dioxane (4.9 mL) at rt for 2 h. Thesolvent was removed under in vacuo and the residue was dissolved in amixture of MeOH/DCM (1:1, 10 mL) and treated with polymer supportedcarbonate (2.74 mmol/g loading; 0.50 g, 1.370 mmol). The mixture wasfiltered and the solvent removed in vacuo to afford a residue. Theresidue was dissolved in 1-butanol (3.0 mL) and treated with6-Chloro-5-fluoro-pyrimidin-4-ylamine (75 mg, 0.5 mmol) and Et₃N (0.3mL, 2.3 mmol) and heated at 90° C. for 72 h. The solution was cooled tort and the solvent was concentrated in vacuo to afford a solid which wasby reverse phase chromatography C₁₈ column and 10% acetonitrile/watercontaining 0.1% TFA to afford the compound 345. LCMS m/z 453.10 [M+1]+,¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 1.37-1.55 (m, 1H) 1.70-1.86 (m, 2H)1.98-2.12 (m, 1H) 3.25 (s, 3H) 3.35-3.49 (m, 3H) 3.54 (dd, J=13.43, 4.89Hz, 1H) 3.79-3.93 (m, 2H) 3.99 (td, J=7.40, 3.51 Hz, 1H) 4.06-4.16 (m,1H) 4.22 (d, J=14.56 Hz, 1H) 6.21-6.41 (m, 3H) 6.48 (br. s., 3H) 7.68(d, J=2.01 Hz, 1H).

Example 39

(R)-tert-butyl 3-(allylamino)piperidine-1-carboxylate. To a mixture of(R)-tert-butyl 3-aminopiperidine-1-carboxylate.critic acid 39.1 (20 g,51 mmol) in DCM (50 mL) was added NaOH (5M, 50 mL), the mixture wasstirred for 10 min and then extracted with DCM (50 mL×3), the combinedorganics were washed with brine (30 mL), dried over Na₂SO₄ andconcentrated to give a colorless oil. The oil was dissolved in CH₃CN (60mL) and K₂CO₃ (4.2 g, 30.6 mmol, 0.6 eq) was added under ice bath, thenallyl bromide (2.9 mL, 34.2 mmol, 0.67 eq) in CH₃CN (15 mL) was addeddropwise. After the addition was finished, the mixture was warmed to rtand stirred for another 12 h. Water (10 mL) was added and the mixturewas extracted with EtOAc (15 mL×3), the combined organics were driedover Na₂SO₄, concentrated in vacuo and purified by column chromatography(silica gel, DCM:MeOH=30:1) to afford 39.2 as a light yellow oil (5.5 g,yield: 45%). LCMS: (M+H)⁺: 241.1

(R)-tert-butyl 3-((R)—N-allyl-2-(benzyloxycarbonylamino) pent-4-enamido)piperidine-1-carboxylate. To a mixture of(R)-2-benzyloxycarbonylamino-pent-4-enoic acid 39.3 (2.75 g, 11.0 mmol),HATU (4.2 g, 11.02 mmol), HOBt (1.5 g, 11.0 mmol) and DIEA (5.7 mL, 33.1mmol) in DMF (20 mL) was added (R)-tert-butyl3-(allylamino)piperidine-1-carboxylate 39.2 (2.7 g, 11.0 mmol) at rt.The mixture was stirred for 48 h at rt, diluted with a ice cold brine(400 mL) solution to precipitate the product. The precipitated dissolvedin EtOAc and washed with sodium bicarbonate. The organics were driedover (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford a solid whichpurified by flash chromatography (gradient hexanes/EtOAc, 0%-40%) toafford 3.51 g, 64%. LCMS, m/z=372 [M−tBuCO2]+

(R)-tert-Butyl3-((R,Z)-3-(benzyloxycarbonylamino)-2-oxo-2,3,4,7-tetrahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate.To a stirring solution of(R)-3-[allyl-((R)-2-benzyloxycarbonylamino-pent-4-enoyl)-amino]-piperidine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester 39.4 (3.5 g, 7.4 mmol) in DCM (150 mL) was addedGrubb's 2nd generation catalyst (0.59 g, 0.7 mmol) under argon. Themixture was refluxed for 3.5 h and the solvent was removed under reducepressure and the residue dissolved in EtOAc, washed with NaHCO₃ andbrine, dried (MgSO4), filtered, concentrated in vacuo to afford aresidue which was purified by flash chromatography (gradientEtOAc/hexanes 0%-50%) to afford the desired product 39.5, 2.8 g, 81%yield. LCMS m/z 343.0 [M−tBuCO2]+

(R)-tert-butyl 3-((R)-3-amino-2-oxoazepan-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate.To a solution of (R)-tert-butyl3-((R,Z)-3-(benzyloxycarbonylamino)-2-oxo-2,3,4,7-tetrahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate39.5 (0.9 g, 2.1 mmol) in methanol (20.0 mL) was added 10% palladium oncarbon (1:9, Pd/carbon, 350 mg, 0.32 mmol) and the reaction mixture wastreated with hydrogen at 1 atm at room temperature for 3.5 h. Thereaction mixture was filtered and solvent removed under reduced pressureto afford compound 39.6, 0.6 g, 91.5%. LCMS, m/z 312.0 [M+1]+, ¹H NMR(400 MHz, CDCl₃-d) δ 1.46 (s, 9H) 1.58 (d, J=8.28 Hz, 3H) 1.73 (d,J=9.04 Hz, 3H) 1.92 (d, J=11.04 Hz, 3H) 2.59 (br. s., 1H) 2.74 (br. s.,1H) 3.22-3.39 (m, 2H) 3.50 (s, 2H) 3.68 (d, J=10.29 Hz, 1H) 4.48 (br.s., 3H)

(3R)-tert-Butyl3-((R)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-2-oxoazepan-1-yl)cyclohexanecarboxylate.To a degassed solution of(R)-3-((R)-3-Amino-2-oxo-perhydro-azepin-1-yl)-piperidine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester 39.6 (0.6 g, 1.9 mmol) in toluene (40 mL) wasadded sodium tert-butoxide (0.34 g, 3.6 mmol),(R)-(+)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl (0.20 g, 0.33 mmol),tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (0.11 g, 0.12 mmol) and1-Bromo-3-chloro-5-fluoro-benzene (0.5 g, 2.4 mmol). The solution waspurged under an atmosphere of argon and heated to reflux for 2.5 h. Thereaction was cooled to room temperature, filtered through Celite® pad,diluted with ether and washed with a solution of NaHCO₃, brine, driedover (Na₂SO₄) filtered and solvent was concentrated in vacuo to afford aresidue which purified by flash chromatography (gradient DCM/MeOH, 0 to5%) to afford 0.4 g, 48.2%. LCMS m/z 385.4 [M−tBu]+.

(R)-1-((R)-1-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)azepan-2-one.A solution of (R)-tert-butyl3-((R)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-2-oxoazepan-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylateester 39.7 (0.4 g, 0.9 mmol) in dioxane (8.0 mL) was treated with 4 M ofhydrogen chloride in dioxane (8.0 mL, 32.00 mmol) at rt for 90 minutes.The solvent was removed under reduced pressure to afford a residue whichwas dissolved in 1:1 mixture of DCM/methanol (16 mL) and treated withcarbonate in polymer support (3.5 eq/g), filtered and concentrated invacuo.

To a solution of(R)-3-(3-Chloro-5-fluoro-phenylamino)-1-(R)-piperidin-3-yl-perhydro-azepin-2-oneand 6-chloro-5-fluoro-pyrimidin-4-ylamine (0.15 g, 1.0 mmol) dissolvedin 1-butanol (2 mL) was added with Et₃N (0.38 mL, 2.7 mmol) andirradiated at 180° C. for 45 minutes in the microwave. The solvent wasremoved under reduced pressure and the residue dissolved in EtOAc,washed with a solution of NaHCO₃ and brine. The organic phase was dried(MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford solid which waspurified by silica gel chromatography (gradient hexanes/EtOAc 0-100% toEtOAC/MeOH 0-5%) to afford the desired compound 346. LCMS, m/2z 226[M/2+1]+, ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 1.16-1.67 (m, 3H) 1.82 (br. s.,8H) 2.91 (t, J=12.30 Hz, 1H) 3.08 (t, J=11.92 Hz, 1H) 3.41-3.66 (m, 2H)4.11 (d, J=9.54 Hz, 1H) 4.26 (d, J=12.55 Hz, 1H) 4.38 (d, J=10.54 Hz,2H) 6.37-6.46 (m, 2H) 6.54 (s, 1H) 7.13 (br. s., 1H) 7.91 (s, 1H).

Example 40

(3R)-tert-Butyl3-((R)—N-allyl-2-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)pent-4-enamido)cyclohexanecarboxylate.A mixture of (R)-2-(3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenylamino)-pent-4-enoic acid(0.98 g, 4.1 mmol), HOBt (0.6209 g, 4.055 mmol),N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-O-(7-azabenzotriazol-1-yl)uroniumHexafluorophosphate (1.542 g, 4.055 mmol) and DIEA (1.8 mL, 10.1 mmol)in DMF (5 mL) was stirred for 5 minutes in an ice bath. Then(R)-tert-butyl 3-(allylamino) piperidine-1-carboxylate (0.97 g, 4.1mmol) was added and the mixture stirred over night at rt. The mixturewas poured into ice cold brine and extracted with EtOAc. The organicphase was separated, dried over (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated invacuo to afford a residue which was purified by flash chromatography(silica 80 g, DCM/MeoH 0-5%) to afford 0.65 g, 34%. LCMS mz 409.9[M−tBu]+

(R)-tert-butyl3-((R,Z)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-2-oxo-2,3,4,7-tetrahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate.A solution of(R)-3-{allyl-[(R)-2-(3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenylamino)-pent-4-enoyl]-amino}-piperidine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester (0.65 g, 1.4 mmol) in DCM (50 mL) was degassed andpurged with argon. To the solution was added Grubb's 2nd generationcatalyst (0.12 g, 0.13 mmol) and the mixture was refluxed for 90minutes. After the solution was cooled to rt, the solvent was removedunder reduced pressure to afford a solid which was dissolved in EtOAc.The organic phase was washed with brine, a solution of NaHCO₃, dried(MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated in vacuo to afford a residue whichwas purified by silica gel chromatography (gradient hexanes:EtOAc0-70%). LCMS, m/z 381.9 [M−tBu]+.

(R,Z)-1-((R)-1-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-3,4-dihydro-1H-azepin-2(7H)-one.To a solution of(R)-3-[(R)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluoro-phenylamino)-2-oxo-2,3,4,7-tetrahydro-azepin-1-yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester (0.1 g, 0.24 mmol) was added 4 M of HCl in1,4-dioxane (2.0 mL, 8.0 mmol) and stirred for 2 h at rt. The solventwas removed under reduced pressure to afford a residue which wasdissolved in 1:1 mixture of DCM/methanol (16 mL) and treated withcarbonate in polymer support (3.5 eq/g), filtered and concentrated invacuo. To a solution of amine in 1-butanol (2 mL) was added6-chloro-5-fluoro-pyrimidin-4-ylamine (35 mg, 0.24 mmol) and Et₃N (100uL, 0.72 mmol). The mixture was heated in the microwave at 180° C. for45 minutes. The solvent was then removed under reduced pressure, and theresidue purified by reverse phase HPLC to give compound 347. LCMS, m/z449.9 [M+1]+, 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 1.44-1.61 (m, 9H), 1.75 (d,J=14.81 Hz, 9H), 2.01-2.17 (m, 5H), 2.86 (t, J=12.30 Hz, 4H), 2.96 (t,J=11.92 Hz, 4H), 3.64 (dd, J=17.57, 7.78 Hz, 4H), 4.06 (d, J=9.79 Hz,4H), 4.19 (d, J=12.55 Hz, 4H), 4.30-4.40 (m, 5H), 4.45 (d, J=17.57 Hz,4H), 4.86 (dd, J=12.30, 4.02 Hz, 4H), 5.65-5.74 (m, 5H), 5.79 (d, J=7.53Hz, 5H), 6.32-6.41 (m, 9H), 6.48 (s, 5H), 7.89 (s, 1H).

(3R)-tert-butyl3-((3R)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-5,6-dihydroxy-2-oxoazepan-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate.A degassed and purged argon stirring mixture of(R)-3-[(R)-3-(3-Chloro-5-fluoro-phenylamino)-2-oxo-2,3,4,7-tetrahydro-azepin-1-yl]-piperidine-1-carboxylicacid tert-butyl ester (250.0 mg, 0.5709 mmol), potassium carbonate(236.7 mg, 1.712 mmol), potassium ferricyanide(III) (563.8 mg, 1.712mmol) and methanesulfonamide (109.4 mg, 1.150 mmol) in tert-butylalcohol (3.003 mL, 31.40 mmol)/water (2.9905 mL, 166.00 mmol) in an icebath was added potassium osmate, dihydrate (15.0 mg, 0.0407 mmol) Thereaction mixture was allowed to reach room temperature and run for 48 hunder argon atmosphere. The mixture was cooled in an ice bath and sodiumbisulfite (178.21 mg, 1.7126 mmol) was added. The mixture was allowed towarm to room temperature and stirred for 2 h. Ethyl acetate was added,the organic layer separated and the aqueous phase was extracted two moretimes with ethyl acetate. The combined organic phase were washed with 2N KOH, dried over MgSO₄ and concentrated under reduced pressure toafford 0.210 g, 78%. The crude diol was taken to the next step withoutpurification. LCMS m/z 415.9 [M−tBu]+

(3R)-1-((R)-1-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)piperidin-3-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-5,6-dihydroxyazepan-2-one.(3R)-tert-butyl3-((3R)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-5,6-dihydroxy-2-oxoazepan-1-yl)piperidine-1-carboxylate(190 mg, 0.402 mmol) was treated with 4 M of hydrogen chloride indioxane (3.00 mL, 12.0 mmol) and stirred at room temperature for 2 h.The solvent was removed under reduced pressure and the residue treatedwith polycarbonate on polymer support (3.5 mmol/g) in methylenechloride/methanol mixture for 20 min. The mixture was filtered and thefiltrate concentrated under reduced pressure. The intermediate wasdissolved 1-butanol (2.50 mL, 27.4 mmol) transferred to a microwave tubeand treated with triethylamine (168 uL, 1.21 mmol). The microwave tubewas sealed and heated to 180° C. for 45 minutes. The solvent wasevaporated under reduced pressure, dissolved in ethyl acetate and washedwith water. The organics were concentrated under reduced pressure,dissolved in DMSO and purified by RP-HPLC to obtain 8.0 mg (7.4) of thedesired compound 248. LCMS m/z 483.9 [M+1]+, LCMS m/z 482.91 [M+1]+; ¹HNMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ ppm 1.44-1.67 (m, 4H) 1.75 (d, J=11.55 Hz, 2H)1.85 (dd, J=13.93, 4.89 Hz, 1H) 2.85 (t, J=12.55 Hz, 1H) 2.95 (d,J=15.06 Hz, 1H) 3.07 (t, J=11.92 Hz, 1H) 3.23 (d, J=10.29 Hz, 1H) 3.81(dd, J=15.18, 10.16 Hz, 1H) 4.14-4.25 (m, 2H) 4.34 (br. s., 1H) 4.49 (d,J=10.79 Hz, 1H) 6.35 (d, J=8.78 Hz, 1H) 6.52 (d, J=12.30 Hz, 1H) 6.64(s, 1H) 7.12 (br. s., 1H) 7.88 (d, J=1.00 Hz, 1H).

trans (R,Z)-1-(-1-(6-amino-5-fluoropyrimidin-4-yl)-4-(trifluoromethyl)piperidin-3-yl)-3-(3-chloro-5-fluorophenylamino)-3,4-dihydro-1H-azepin-2(7H)-one.Compound 249 was prepared in similar manner as described in Example 39except 2 trans-tert-butyl3-amino-4-(trifluoromethyl)piperidine-1-carboxylate was substituted for(R)-tert-butyl 3-aminopiperidine-1-carboxylate. LCMS m/z 516.9 [M+1]+;¹H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl₃-d) δ ppm 1.75 (d, J=10.79 Hz, 1H) 2.17-2.27 (m,2H) 2.29 (d, J=9.79 Hz, 1H) 2.66-2.77 (m, 1H) 3.10 (t, J=12.93 Hz, 1H)3.49 (d, J=7.53 Hz, 1H) 3.54 (d, J=7.53 Hz, 1H) 4.49 (d, J=17.07 Hz, 1H)4.55-4.67 (m, 3H) 4.72 (d, J=13.05 Hz, 1H) 5.85 (d, J=7.28 Hz, 1H)5.88-5.95 (m, 1H) 6.17 (d, J=11.04 Hz, 1H) 6.34 (s, 1H) 6.44 (d, J=8.53Hz, 1H) 7.97 (s, 1H)

Example 41

In Vitro BTK Kinase Assay: BTK-POLYGAT-LS ASSAY

The purpose of the BTK in vitro assay is to determine compound potencyagainst BTK through the measurement of IC₅₀. Compound inhibition ismeasured after monitoring the amount of phosphorylation of afluorescein-labeled polyGAT peptide (Invitrogen PV3611) in the presenceof active BTK enzyme (Upstate 14-552), ATP, and inhibitor. The BTKkinase reaction was done in a black 96 well plate (costar 3694). For atypical assay, a 24 μL aliquot of a ATP/peptide master mix (finalconcentration; ATP 10 μM, polyGAT 100 nM) in kinase buffer (10 mMTris-HCl pH 7.5, 10 mM MgCl₂, 200 μM Na₃PO₄, 5 mM DTT, 0.01% TritonX-100, and 0.2 mg/ml casein) is added to each well. Next, 1 μL of a4-fold, 40× compound titration in 100% DMSO solvent is added, followedby adding 15 uL of BTK enzyme mix in 1× kinase buffer (with a finalconcentration of 0.25 nM). The assay is incubated for 30 minutes beforebeing stopped with 28 μL of a 50 mM EDTA solution. Aliquots (5 μL) ofthe kinase reaction are transferred to a low volume white 384 well plate(Corning 3674), and 5 μL of a 2× detection buffer (Invitrogen PV3574,with 4 nM Tb-PY20 antibody, Invitrogen PV3552) is added. The plate iscovered and incubated for 45 minutes at room temperature. Time resolvedfluorescence (TRF) on Molecular Devices M5 (332 nm excitation; 488 nmemission; 518 nm fluorescein emission) is measured. IC₅₀ values arecalculated using a four parameter fit with 100% enzyme activitydetermined from the DMSO control and 0% activity from the EDTA control.

Example 42

Protocol for Human B Cell Stimulation

Human B cells were purified from 150 ml of blood. Briefly, the blood wasdiluted ½ with PBS and centrifuged through a Ficoll density gradient.The B cells were isolated from the mononuclear cells by negativeselection using the B cell isolation kit II from Milenyi (Auburn,Calif.). 50,000 B cells per well were then stimulated with 10 μg/ml ofgoat F(ab′)2 anti-human IgM antibodies (Jackson ImmunoResearchLaboratories, West Grove, Pa.) in a 96-well plate. Compounds werediluted in DMSO and added to the cells. Final concentration of DMSO was0.5%. Proliferation was measured after 3 days using PromegaCellTiter-Glo (Madison, Wis.). Certain compounds of formula I weretested and found to be active.

Table 1 shows the activity of selected compounds of this invention inthe in vitro Btk kinase assay. Compounds have an activity designated as“A” provided an IC₅₀<100 nM; compounds having an activity designated as“B” provided an IC₅₀ of 100-999 nM; compounds having an activitydesignated as “C” provided an IC₅₀ of 1000-10,000 nM; and compoundshaving an activity designated as “D” provided an IC₅₀ of >10,000 nM. Insome instances where a compound tested has activity “D”, otherstructurally similar compounds beyond the measurable limits of the assayare not included in Table 1.

TABLE 1 Exemplary compounds of formula I. IC₅₀ Cmpd Structure (10 uMATP)^(a) 1

2

C 3

C 4

C 5

D 6

D 7

D 8

D 9

D 10

D 11

D 12

D 13

D 14

D 15

D 16

B 17

D 18

C 19

C 20

D 21

D 22

C 23

C 24

D 25

C 26

C 27

C 28

C 29

C 30

C 31

D 32

C 33

B 34

C 35

C 36

C 37

A 38

B 39

C 40

B 41

C 42

C 43

C 44

C 45

C 46

A 47

C 48

B 49

A 50

A 51

C 52

A 53

C 54

C 55

C 56

B 57

C 58

D 59

B 60

B 61

B 62

C 63

C 64

C 65

D 66

C 67

D 68

D 69

D 70

D 71

D 72

D 73

D 74

C 75

C 76

D 77

D 78

D 79

D 80

D 81

D 82

D 83

D 84

D 85

B 86

B 87

B 88

C 89

C 90

B 91

C 92

D 93

D 94

C 95

D 96

C 97

D 98

C 99

C 100

C 101

C 102

B 103

B 104

C 105

C 106

C 107

A 108

B 109

A 110

A 111

A 112

A 113

A 114

B 115

D 116

C 117

D 118

C 119

D 120

C 121

C 122

D 123

B 124

B 125

C 126

B 127

D 128

D 129

C 130

B 131

B 132

D 133

B 134

B 135

A 136

D 137

D 138

C 139

D 140

C 141

D 142

D 143

D 144

C 145

B 146

A 147

A 148

A 149

A 150

A 151

A 152

A 153

A 154

A 155

A 156

A 157

A 158

B 159

B 160

B 161

B 162

B 163

B 164

B 165

B 166

B 167

B 168

B 169

B 170

B 171

B 172

B 173

B 174

B 175

B 176

B 177

B 178

B 179

B 180

B 181

C 182

C 183

C 184

C 185

C 186

C 187

C 188

C 189

C 190

C 191

C 192

C 193

C 194

C 195

C 196

C 197

C 198

C 199

C 200

C 201

C 202

C 203

C 204

C 205

C 206

C 207

C 208

C 209

C 210

C 211

C 212

C 213

C 214

C 215

C 216

C 217

C 218

C 219

C 220

C 221

D 222

D 223

D 224

D 225

D 226

D 227

D 228

D 229

D 230

D 231

D 232

D 233

D 234

D 235

D 236

D 237

D 238

D 239

D 240

D 241

D 242

D 243

D 244

D 245

D 246

D 247

D 248

D 249

D 250

D 251

D 252

D 253

D 254

D 255

D 256

D 257

D 258

D 259

D 260

D 261

D 262

D 263

D 264

D 265

D 266

D 267

D 268

D 269

B 270

B 271

B 272

C 273

B 274

C 275

A 276

A 277

A 278

A 279

A 280

A 281

A 282

A 283

A 284

B 285

A 286

C 287

C 288

C 289

B 290

D 291

D 292

D 293

D 294

D 295

D 296

C 297

C 298

D 299

D 300

A 301

A 302

A 303

D 304

D 305

A 306

A 307

A 308

A 309

A 310

A 311

A 312

A 313

A 314

A 315

A 316

A 317

A 318

A 319

A 320

A 321

B 322

A 323

A 324

A 325

B 326

A 327

A 328

C 329

A 330

B 331

D 332

A 333

C 334

A 335

A 336

C 337

A 338

C 339

A 340

B 341

A 342

D 343

D 344

A 345

A 346

A 347

A 348

A 349

A 350

A 351

B 352

A 353

A 354

B 355

A 356

B 357

A 358

B 359

A 360

A 361

A ^(a)See Example 41.

What is claimed is:
 1. A compound having the formula:

wherein: X¹ is —O—, —CR⁵R⁶— or —NR⁷—; X² is ═CR⁸— or ═N—; p is 0-5; y is0, 1, or 2; z is 0, 1, or 2, wherein z is 0 or 1 when y is 2, and z is 1or 2 when y is 0; each R¹ is independently halogen, —NO₂, —CN, —OR, —SR,—N(R)₂, —C(O)R, —CO₂R, —C(O)C(O)R, —C(O)CH₂C(O)R, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R,—C(O)N(R)₂, —SO₂N(R)₂, —OC(O)R, —N(R)C(O)R, —N(R)N(R)₂,—N(R)C(═NR)N(R)₂, —C(═NR)N(R)₂, —C═NOR, —N(R)C(O)N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂N(R)₂,—N(R)SO₂R, —OC(O)N(R)₂, or an optionally substituted group selected fromC₁₋₁₂ aliphatic, phenyl, a 3-7 membered saturated or partiallyunsaturated monocyclic carbocyclic ring, a 7-10 membered saturated orpartially unsaturated bicyclic carbocyclic ring, a 3-7 memberedsaturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring having1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur,a 7-10 membered saturated or partially unsaturated bicyclic heterocyclicring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen,oxygen, or sulfur, an 8-10 membered bicyclic aryl ring, a 5-6 memberedheteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or an 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroarylring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen,oxygen, or sulfur, or: two R¹ groups on adjacent carbon atoms are takentogether with their intervening atoms to form an optionally substitutedring selected from phenyl, a 3-7 membered saturated or partiallyunsaturated monocyclic carbocyclic ring, a 7-10 membered saturated orpartially unsaturated bicyclic carbocyclic ring, a 3-7 memberedsaturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring having1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur,a 7-10 membered saturated or partially unsaturated bicyclic heterocyclicring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen,oxygen, or sulfur, an 8-10 membered bicyclic aryl ring, a 5-6 memberedheteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or an 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroarylring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen,oxygen, or sulfur, or: two R¹ groups on non-adjacent carbon atoms aretaken together with their intervening atoms to form an optionallysubstituted bridge of a bridged bicyclic group, wherein the bridge is aC₁₋₃ hydrocarbon chain wherein one methylene unit is optionally replacedby —NR—, —O—, —C(O)—, —OC(O)—, —C(O)O—, —S—S—, or —S—, or: two R¹ groupson the same carbon atom are taken together with their intervening atomsto form an optionally substituted spiro fused ring selected from a 3-7membered saturated or partially unsaturated carbocyclic ring, or a 3-7membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ringhaving 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, orsulfur; each R is independently hydrogen or an optionally substitutedgroup selected from C₁₋₆ aliphatic, phenyl, a 3-7 membered saturated orpartially unsaturated carbocyclic ring, a 3-7 membered saturated orpartially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-2heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, ora 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independentlyselected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or: two R groups on the samenitrogen are taken together with their intervening atoms to form anoptionally substituted 3-7 membered saturated, partially unsaturated, orheteroaryl ring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur; each of R², R³, R⁵, R⁶, and R⁸ isindependently R, halogen, —NO₂, —CN, —OR, —SR, —N(R)₂, —C(O)R, —CO₂R,—C(O)C(O)R, —C(O)CH₂C(O)R, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R, —C(O)N(R)₂, —SO₂N(R)₂,—OC(O)R, —N(R)C(O)R, —N(R)N(R)₂, —N(R)C(═NR)N(R)₂, —C(═NR)N(R)₂, —C═NOR,—N(R)C(O)N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂N(R)₂, —N(R)SO₂R, or —OC(O)N(R)₂; or: R³ and R⁴are optionally taken together with their intervening atoms to form anoptionally substituted ring selected from pyrrole, pyrazole, imidazole,a 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclicheterocyclic ring having 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or a 7-10 membered saturated or partiallyunsaturated bicyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-3 heteroatomsindependently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur; each of R⁴ andR⁷ is independently R, —CN, —C(O)R, —CO₂R, —C(O)C(O)R, —C(O)CH₂C(O)R,—C(O)N(R)₂, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R, or —S(O)₂N(R)₂; Ring A¹ is an optionallysubstituted phenylene ring; Ring A² is an optionally substituted ringselected from phenyl, a 3-7 membered saturated or partially unsaturatedmonocyclic carbocyclic ring, a 7-10 membered saturated or partiallyunsaturated bicyclic carbocyclic ring, a 3-7 membered saturated orpartially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclic ring having 1-2heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, a7-10 membered saturated or partially unsaturated bicyclic heterocyclicring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen,oxygen, or sulfur, an 8-10 membered bicyclic aryl ring, a 5-6 memberedheteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatoms independently selected fromnitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or an 8-10 membered bicyclic heteroarylring having 1-4 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen,oxygen, or sulfur; L is a covalent bond or an optionally substituted,bivalent C₁₋₇ saturated or unsaturated, straight or branched,hydrocarbon chain, wherein one, two, or three methylene units of L areindependently replaced by -Cy-, —CR₂—, —NR—, —N(R)C(O)—, —C(O)N(R)—,—N(R)SO₂—, —SO₂N(R)—, —O—, —C(O)—, —OC(O)—, —C(O)O—, —S—, —SO—, —SO₂—,—C(═S)—, —C(═NR)—, —N═N—, or —C(═N₂)—, wherein at least one methyleneunit of L is replaced by —N(R)—; and each Cy is independently anoptionally substituted bivalent ring selected from phenylene, a 3-7membered saturated or partially unsaturated carbocyclylene, a 3-7membered saturated or partially unsaturated monocyclic heterocyclylenehaving 1-2 heteroatoms independently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, orsulfur, or a 5-6 membered heteroarylene having 1-3 heteroatomsindependently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.
 2. The compoundof claim 1, wherein L is —NH—C(O)—NH—, —NH—C(O)—, —NH—, or —NHSO₂—. 3.The compound of claim 2, wherein L is —NH—C(O)—NH— or —NH—.
 4. Thecompound of claim 1, wherein L is:

wherein s and t are independently 0, 1, or 2, and the sum of s and t is0-4.
 5. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is of formulaI-a-i, or I-a-ii:


6. The compound of claim 1, wherein the compound is of formula I-b-i, orI-b-ii:


7. The compound of claim 1, wherein R³ and R⁴ are joined together withtheir intervening atoms to form an optionally substituted pyrrole orpyrazole.
 8. The compound of claim 1, wherein R⁴ is hydrogen.
 9. Thecompound of claim 1, wherein R¹ is halogen, —CN, or optionallysubstituted C₁₋₆ aliphatic.
 10. The compound of claim 1 wherein p is 0.11. The compound of claim 1, wherein X¹ is —CR⁵R⁶—.
 12. The compound ofclaim 1, wherein Ring A¹ is:


13. The compound of claim 1, wherein Ring A¹ is unsubstituted phenylene.14. The compound of claim 1, wherein Ring A² is an optionallysubstituted ring selected from phenyl, an 8-10 membered bicyclic arylring, a 5-6 membered heteroaryl ring having 1-3 heteroatomsindependently selected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, or an 8-10membered bicyclic heteroaryl ring having 1-4 heteroatoms independentlyselected from nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur.
 15. The compound of claim 14,wherein Ring A² is optionally substituted phenyl.
 16. The compound ofclaim 15, wherein substituents on Ring A² are selected from R, halogen,—CN, —CF₃, —OH, —OR, —NH₂, —N(R)₂, —COOH, —SR, —S(O)R, —S(O)₂R,—S(O)N(R)₂, —S(O)₂N(R)₂.
 17. The compound of claim 16, wherein Ring A²is of the formula:

wherein R^(h) is F, Cl, Br, or I.
 18. The compound of claim 15, whereinthe ortho carbons on Ring A² are independently R, halogen, —CN, —CF₃,—OH, —OR, —NH₂, —N(R)₂, or —COOH.
 19. The compound of claim 1, whereinthe compound is a compound as shown in Table
 1. 20. A pharmaceuticalformulation comprising a compound of claim 1 and a pharmaceuticallyacceptable excipient.
 21. A method of decreasing the enzymatic activityof Bruton's tyrosine kinase comprising contacting Bruton's tyrosinekinase with an effective amount of a compound of claim 1 or acomposition thereof.